Music Library & Listening Center

Audio Preservation and Restoration

including some links to film and video tape preservation

John R. Gibbs



CONTENTS

Of current interest:

Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation.

National Recorded Sound Preservation Study

Training for Audiovisual Preservation in Europe




General Information

Sound Savings: Preserving Audio Collections. http://www.arl.org/preserv/sound_savings_proceedings/index.html(27 Jan. 2004).

Audio Archival Standards: Web Resources Mix. http://mixonline.com/online_extras/Audio_Archival_Standards_Web_Resources/index.html(12 May 2005).

American Library Association. "Audio Preservation: A Selective Annotated Bibliography and Brief Summary of Current Practices." http://www.ala.org/alcts/publications/web/pars/audiopres.pdf (7 March 2003).

Association for Recorded Sound Collections. "Audio Archiving: Current Issues and Selected Readings." http://libwww.syr.edu/information/belfer/bibliogr.htm (26 July 1999).

Association for Recorded Sound Collections. Technical Committee. Audio Preservation and Restoration Directory. http://www.arsc-audio.org/Directory2005-05-23.pdf (18 July 2005).

__________. Associated Audio Archives Committee. "Audio preservation: a planning study: final performance report." Rockville, MD: Association for Recorded Sound Collections, 1988-.

Audio Engineering Society. The Proceedings of the AES 20th International Conference, 2001 October 5-7, Budapest Hungary. Archiving, Restoration, and New Methods of Recording. Audio Engineering Society, 2001.

Council on Library and Information Resources. "Folk Heritage Collections in Crisis." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub96/contents.html (18 May 2001).

Boston, George, ed. "MEMORY OF THE WORLD: Safeguarding the Documentary Heritage: A guide to Standards, Recommended Practices and Reference Literature Related to the Preservation of Documents of All Kinds." http://www.unesco.org/webworld/mdm/administ/en/guide/guidetoc.htm (15 July 2003).

Byers, Fred R.. "Care and Handling Guide for the Preservation of CDs and DVDs - A Guide for Librarians and Archivists." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub121/contents.html

Casey, Mike and Gordon, Bruce. "Sound Directions: Best Practices for Audio Preservation." http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/projects/sounddirections/papersPresent/sd_bp_07.pdf(18 Dec. 2007).

Child, Margaret S., comp. "Directory of Information Sources on Scientific Research Related to the Preservation of Sound Recordings, Still and Moving Images and Magnetic Tape." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/child/child.html (25 Sept. 1997).

Cohen, Elizabeth. "Folk Heritage Collections in Crisis: Preservation of Audio." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub96/preservation.html (18 May 2001).

Conservation Online. Audio Preservation. http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/audio/(28 March 2006).

Dale, Robin, et al. "Audio Preservation: a selective annotated bibliography and brief summary of current practices." Chicago: American Library Association, 1998.

Edmindson, Ray. "Audiovisual Archiving: Philosophy and Principals." http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001364/136477e.pdf (18 Jan. 2005).

Fleischauer, Carl. "Audio and Video Preservation Reformatting: A Library of Congress Perspective." http://www.archives.gov/preservation/conferences/papers-2003/fleischauer.html (24 Jan. 2006).

Franklin, Ron. Rikki Don't Lose That Number: Moving Toward Archival Standards Mix. http://mixonline.com/mag/audio_rikki_dont_lose/(12 May 2005).

Gladney, Henry. "Audio Archiving for 100 Years and Longer." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Supplementary Journal Material (July/August, 2001). http://www.aes.org/journal/suppmat/gladney_2001_7.pdf (9 Dec. 2002).

Gibson, Gerald. "Standards and Preservation of A/V Media and Data." International Preservation News (May 14, 1997). http://www.ifla.org/VI/4/news/14b-97.htm#8 (2 Oct. 2001).

Hall, Stephanie A. "Preserving Sound Recordings." http://www.loc.gov/folklife/sos/preserve1.html (20 Oct. 2003).

International Association of Sound Archives. The Safeguarding of the Audio Heritage: Ethics, Principles and Preservation Strategy. Version 3, December 2005. http://www.iasa-web.org/IASA_TC03/TC03_English.pdf (4 Jan. 2007).

Knight, Gareth and McHugh, John. "Preservation Handbook: Digital Audio." http://ahds.ac.uk/preservation/audio-preservation-handbook.pdf (22 June 2006).

Library of Congress. "Cylinder, Disc and Tape Care in a Nutshell." http://www.loc.gov/preserv/care/record.html (4 May 1999).

________. "Audio-Visual Prototyping Project." http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/mopic/avprot/audioSOW.html (20 Oct. 2003).

McCrady,Ellen. "NARA Conference on Preserving Tapes & Disks, March 1996." Abbey Newletter Vol. 20, no. 6 (Nov. 1996). http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byorg/abbey/an/an20/an20-6/an20-614.html (3 Dec. 1999).

McWilliams, Jerry. The preservation and restoration of sound recordings. Nashville: American Association for State and Local History, 1979.

Marco, Guy, ed. Encyclopedia of recorded sound in the United States. New York: Garland Pub., 1993.

National Archives and Records Administration. "Preservation Reformatting: Digital Technology vs. Analog Technology." http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byorg/abbey/an/an26/an26-5/an26-502.html

National Recording Preservation Board. National Recorded Sound Preservation Study http://www.loc.gov/rr/record/nrpb/nrpb-clir.html(18 Dec. 2007).

Orbanz, Eva, ed. Archiving the audio-visual heritage: a joint technical symposium. Berlin. Stiftung Deutsche Kinemathek, 1988.

Pickett, A.G. and M.M.Lemcoe. Preservation and storage of sound recordings. Washington: Library of Congress, 1959, reprinted Kansas City, Mo.: Lowell Press, 1991.

Plathe, Axel & Dietrich Schueller. "Safeguarding Documentary Heritage: A Virtual Exhibit." http://www.unesco.org/webworld/virtual_exhibition/index.shtml(15 July 2003).

Roosa, Mark. "Magnetic Media Preservation: Selected Bibliography." http://lcweb.loc.gov/preserv/bib/magbib.html(26 July 1999).

__________. "Recorded Sound Preservation: Selected Bibliography." http://lcweb.loc.gov/preserv/bib/recsbib.html(13 Nov. 1998).

Schüller, Dietrich. (a href="http://www.tape-online.net/docs/audiovisual_research_collections.pdf">"Audiovisual research collections and their preservation." http://www.tape-online.net/docs/audiovisual_research_collections.pdf (May 2008).

St. Laurent, Gilles. "The Care and Handling of Recorded Sound Materials." http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byauth/st-laurent/care.html(23 April 1999).

Solback, Svein Arne. "Long term preservation of electronic material : preliminary experiences from the Norwegian National Library." http://www.nb.no/rapporter/preserv.html (27 April 2000).

Ward, Alan. A Manual of sound archive administration. Brookfield, Vt.: Gower, 1990.

Wright, Richard. "Preserving Europe's Memory PRESTO shows how to preserve Multimedia in the most cost-effective fashion" http://presto.joanneum.at/index.asp(24 Aug. 2004).

Wright, Richard. "Preservation Guide - Introduction: General Guide to Audiovisual Preservation." http://www.bbcarchive.org.uk/pmwiki/(31 Oct. 2006).

Restoration Notes a blog by Richard Hess

Audio Tape

Audio Engineering Society. Historical Committee. AGFA, BASF, and IG Farben Analog Audio Magnetic Tape Technology http://www.aes.org/aeshc/basftapedoc.html (10 July 2006).

DeLancie, Philip. "Practical Tips for Long-Lived Recordings." Mix Vol. 23, no. 10 (Oct. 1999), p. 48-.

Gibson, Gerald D. "Magnetic tape deterioration: recognition, recovery and prevention." http://www.unesco.org/webworld/ramp/html/r9704e/r9704e11.htm. (19 May 2003).

Hess, Richard. Restoration Notes. http://www.richardhess.com/notes/. (8 March 2006.).

Image Permanence Institute. The Preservation of Magnetic Tape Collections: A Perspective. http://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/shtml_sub/NEHTapeFinalReport.pdf (17 Jan. 2008).

Schüller, Dietrich. "Life Expectancy Testing of Magnetic Tapes-A Key to a Successful Strategy in Audio and Viseo Preservation." AES 20th International Conference: Archiving. Restoration, and New Methods of Recording, pp. 11-14.

Specs. Bros. "Basic Inspection Techniques to Sample the Condition of Magnetic Tape." http://www.specsbros.com/whitepaper.html (12 Dec. 1988).

Dorsey, Scott. "Ampex Tape List." http://recordist.com/ampex/docs/apxtape.txt (3 March 2004).

Eilers, Delos A.. "Introduction to 3M Audio Open Reel Tape List." http://recordist.com/ampex/docs/aorintr1.html (3 March 2004).

"Tapes with Sticky-Shed Syndrome." http://www.recordist.com/ampex/docs/misc/sticky-shed.html(16 Dec. 2004).

Bertram, H. Neal and Cuddihy, Edward F. "Kinetics of the Humid Aging of Magnetic Recording Tape." http://home.flash.net/~mrltapes/bertram_humid-aging.pdf(20 Dec. 2004).

Bradley, Kevin. "Restoratation of Tapes with Polyester Urethane Binder." IASA Phonographic Bulletin #61 (1992).

Celetti, Eddie. "If I Knew You Were Coming I'd Have Baked A Tape! (A Recipe for Tape Restoration). " http://www.users.interport.net/~edaudio/tape/baking1.html (1 April, 1999).

Chester, John K. Sticky-Shed Tape: Investigating the Role of Backcoating John K. Chester 2005-06-13. http://stuff.jkc-lab.com/sticky-shed/(16 Aug. 2007).

Clark, Harold W. Restored magnetic recording media and method of producing same"> "Magnetic tape data recovery method." http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=/netahtml/srchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5,311,371.WKU.&OS=PN/5,311,371&RS=PN/5,311,371(20 Dec. 2004).

DeLancie, Philip. "Sticky Shed Syndrome: Tips on Saving Your Damaged Tapes." Mix 14:5 (May 1990): 148-155.

Davies, Walter E. "Preserving Magnetic Tape." Broadcast Engineering (Oct. 1987): 84-88.

Eilers, Del A. "Audio Magnetic Tape Preservation and Restoration." IASA Phonographic Bulletin 1 (May 1993): 11-19.

Fox, Barry. "Master Tapes Come to a Sticky End." New Scientist (Sept 22, 1990): 31.

__________. "Tape Life: An Era of Concern." Studio Sound 32:12 (December 1990): 50-54.

Kent, Scott. "Binder Breakdown in Back-Coated Tapes." Recording Engineer/Producer 19:7 (July 1988): 80-81.

Lindner, Jim. "Magnetic Tape Deterioration: Tidal Wave at Our Shores." http://www.vidipax.com/articles/tidal.html (17 Nov. 2004).

Luepke, Dave. Baking Audio Tapes Which Have "Sticky Shed Syndrome" http://www.youramerica.net/tapebake.htm16 Aug. 2007).

Newton, Graham. "'Baking' Magnetic tape to overcome the 'Sticky-Shed' Syndrome." http://audio-restoration.com/baking.php (30 March 1999).

Smolian, Steven. "Preservation, Deterioration and Restoration of Recording Tape." ARSC Journal 19:2-3 (1987): 37-53.

Stosich, Michael N. "Revival: Problems and Solutions in Long-Term Tape Performance." Audio 74:11 (Nov. 1990): 61-67.

Wheeler, Jim. "Increasing the Life of YourAudio Tape." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, April 1988.

White, Bert. "I Bake for Whales." Audio (July 1990): 14-16.

Gilmour, I. and V. Fumic. "Recent Developments in Decomposition and Preservation of Magnetic Tape." Phonographic Bulletin vol. 61 (1992), pp. 74-86.

Lindner, Jim. "Confessions of a Videotape Restorer or How come these tapes all need to be cleaned differently?" http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byauth/lindner/lindner1.html (17 Jan. 1997).

Nishimura, Doug. "Magnetic tape deterioration." Preservation DistList "http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byform/mailing-lists/cdl/1993/0617.html (9 Sept. 1996).

Van Bogart, John W.C. "Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub54/index.html (30 Jan. 2001).

Riss, Dan. "Preservation of Magnetic Media." Conserve O Gram, 19/8. Washington, DC: National Park Service, 1996. http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/19-08.pdf(19 Dec. 2000).

Vogt-O'Connor, Diane. "Care of Archival Digital and Magnetic Media." Conserve O Gram, 19/20. Washington, DC: National Park Service, 1996. http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/19-20.pdf(19 Dec. 2000).

78 rpm records & cylinders

Blacker, George and Robert Long. "How to Play Old Records on New Equipment." High Fidelity (April 1973): 49-57.

Brown, Geoffrey. "Cleaning and Preservation of Cylinders and Discs." http://home.earthlink.net/~gnordenstam/RecordCollection/Cleaning.htm#Cleaning Cylinders 1(29 Sept. 1999).

__________. "Preserving Cylinders." http://home.earthlink.net/~gnordenstam/RecordCollection/Cleaning.htm#Preserving Cylinders 2(29 Sept 1999).

Burstein, Herman. "Understanding Equalization and Time Constants." Audio (February 1982): 27-31.

Fox, Barry. "Business of Cedar." Studio Sound (May 1990): 52-58, letter and reply: Studio Sound (July 1990): 16.

Gibson, Gerald. Cylinder Audio Recordings: An Annotated Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1996.

Lane, Michael R. "Sonic Restoration of Historical Recordings." Audio (June 1991): 35-44, (July 1991):26-37.

__________. "Sonic Restoration of Historical Recordings." Mix 6:12 (December 1982): 30-35, 7:1 (January 1983): 76-80, 7:2 (February 1983): 30-33.

Library of Congress. "Caring for Cylinder Recordings." http://lcweb.loc.gov/preserv/care/cyn.html (13 Nov. 1998)

Mellor, David. "CEDAR." Studio Sound. (September 1990): 47-48.

Näser, Wolfgang. "Anmerkungen zur Restauration historischer Tonaufnahmen." http://staff-www.uni-marburg.de/~naeser/tonhist.htm ) (19 May 2003).

Owen, Tom. "Audio Restoration and Transfer Technology."( Audio Engineering Society Preprint 1737 (X-3), 1981.

__________. "A Technical and Historical Look at the Stylus/Groove Interface in Recording Past and Present." Audio Engineering Preprint 2048 (J-5), 1983.

Owen, Tom and John C. Fesler. "Electrical Reproduction of Acoustically Recorded Cylinders and Disks." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 31:4 (April 1983): 266-275, and 31:9 (September 1983): 674-693. also published as an Audio Engineering Society Preprint 1854 (E-1), 1981. in a slightly revised form.

Powell, James R. The audiophile's technical guide to 78 rpm, transcription, and microgroove recordings. Portage, MI: Gramophone Adventures, 1992.

St. Laurent, Gilles. "The Care and Handling of Recorded Sound Materials." http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byauth/st-laurent/care.html(23 April 1999).

Shifrin, Arthur. "Rx For 78's---Tape Them." Audio 58:4 (April 1974): 22-42.

Source Engineering. Source Noise Suppressor. Wilmington, MA: Source Engineering, n.d.

Stinson, Susan T. "Preserving Cylinders." http://home.earthlink.net/~gnordenstam/RecordCollection/Cleaning.htm#Preserving Cylinders 1 (29 Sept. 1999).

University of California, Santa Barbara. Davidson Library. Department of Special Collections. "Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project: Technical Details of the Project." http://www.library.ucsb.edu/speccoll/pa/cylinderstech.html (9 April 2003).

Wire Recordings

Wire Recorders. http://www.videointerchange.com/wire_recorder1.htm (8 April 2004).

king, gretchen. "Magnetic Wire Recordings: A Manual Including Historical Background, Approaches to Transfer and Storage, and Solutions to Common Problems." http://depts.washington.edu/ethmusic/wire1.html (16 March2004).

Riddle, Randy L. "Rand's Wire Recorder Page." http://www.coolcatdaddy.com/rand/wires.html (16 March 2004).

Smolian, Steve. "Wires." http://www.soundsaver.com/wires.htm (16 March 2004).

Compact Discs: Permanance, Rot, Bronzing, Corrosion

Breton, Richard. "Information about 'CD Rot.'" http://www.mv.com/ipusers/richbreton/m/files/cd_rot.htm (12 Mar. 1999).

Byers, Fred R. "Information Technology: Care and Handling for the Preservation of CDs and DVDs - A Guide for Librarians and Archivists." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub121/contents.html(21 Jan 2004).

Carou, Alain. "Twenty Years After: Degradation Survey of a Large Collection of Optical Discs." http://www.jts2004.org/english/proceedings/Carou.htm (8 Dec.2006).

Cherry, Bob. "Repairing Scratched CDs." http://www.banjo.com/Articles/021096.htm (5 March 2001).

Cochrane, Katherine. "Special Report: CD Media Longevity Misrepresented in US News & World Report." http://www.cd-info.com/CDIC/Industry/news/media-problem.html (15 dEC. 2004).

Howard, Richard. "'Bronzed' CDs" http://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/ (13 Mar. 1999).

Irons, Mark L. "CD Rot: They don't really last forever." http://www.rdrop.com/~half/General/CDRot/CDRot.html (12 Mar. 1999).

Kodak. "Permanence of Kodak Photo CD and Writable CD Media with Infoguard Protection System" http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/electronic-records/electronic-storage-media/kodakpho.html (5 December 2001).

Lampson, L. David. "CD Bronzing." http://www.classical.net/music/guide/society/krs/excerpt3.html (12 Mar. 1999).

Lehman, Bradley. "CD Corrosion (Bronzing, or "CD Rot")." http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bpl/cdrot.htm (25 Sept. 2001).

Lehman, Mark L. American Record Guide. Nov/Dec 1997, July/Aug 1998, Mar/Apr 1999, Mar/Apr 2000.

__________. "CD Bronze Corrosion Attack!" http://members.cox.net/surround/uhjdisc/bronze.htm (5 March 2002).[web reprint of American Record Guide Vol. 61 No. 4 (July/Aug 1998) ]

Media Science. "Are CD and DVD discs reliable? I keep hearing about "CD Rot" and "Techno Rot" that imply media is unstable." http://www.mscience.com/faq30.html (30 Jan. 2006).

Svensson, Peter. "Something's rotten in CD land." http://www.postgazette.com/pg/04127/311683.stm (12 NOv. 2004).


Vogt-O'Connor, Diane. "Care of Archival Compact Discs." Conserve O Gram, 19/19. Washington, DC: National Park Service, 1996. http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/19-19.pdf (19 Dec. 2000)

Digital Audio & Digital Media

Archiving Digital Audio. http://www.rydot.com/amia/(15July 2003).

Bradley, Kevin. Risks Associated with the Use of Recordable CDs and DVDs as Reliable Storage Media in Archival Collections - Strategies and Alternatives. http://www.unesco.org/webworld/risk (13 Nov. 2006.).

Brylawski, Samuel. "Preservation of Digitally Recorded Sound." In "Building a National Strategy for Preservation: Issues in Digital Media Archiving.". Washington, DC: Council on Library and Information Resources. 2002. http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/sound.html (18 Sept. 2002).

Byers, Fred R. "Information Technology: Care and Handling for the Preservation of CDs and DVDs - A Guide for Librarians and Archivists." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub121/contents.html(21 Jan 2004).

CD Info Company. "The CD Information Center." http://www.cd-info.com/ (20 Nov. 2002).

Cochrane, Katherine. ""is there a CD-R media problem?" http://www.cd-info.com/CDIC/Technology/CD-R/Media/problem.html (18 Sept. 2002).

Colorado Digitization Project. "Digital Audio Best Practice Guidelines." http://www.cdpheritage.org/digital/audio/documents/CDPDABP_1-2.pdf (2 June 2003).

E-MELD.Digitization of Audio Files http://www.emeld.org/school/classroom/audio/(28 March 2006).

Fells, Nick, et al. "Performing Arts Data Service Guide to Good Practice: Creating Digital Audio Resources." http://www.pads.ahds.ac.uk:81/GGP_Audio (21 Nov. 2002).

Fleischhauer, Carl. "Digital Formats for Content Reproductions."http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/formats.html (21 Nov. 2002).

Fleischhauer, Carl and Arms, Caroline R."Sustainability of Digital Formats Planning for Library of Congress Collections" http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/ (9 July 2007).

Hartke, Jerome. "CD-R Media Survey." http://www.mscience.com/survey.html (18 Sept. 2002).

Hartke, Jerome. "Measures of CD-R Longevity." http://www.mscience.com/longev.html (18 Sept. 2002).

Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute (HATII), University of Glasgow, and the National Initiative for a Networked Cultural Heritage (NINCH). The NINCH Guide to Good Practice in the Digital Representation and Management of Cultural Heritage Materials. http://www.nyu.edu/its/humanities/ninchguide/index.html (15 July 2003).

Knight, Gareth and McHugh, John. Preservation Handbook: Digital Audio http://ahds.ac.uk/preservation/audio-preservation-handbook.pdf. (14 Feb. 2007).

McFadden, Andy. "CD-Recordable FAQ." http://www.cdrfaq.org/ (18 Sept. 2002).

Manns, Basil and Shahani, Chandru J. "Longevity of CD Media Research at the Library of Congress." http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=cache:dVmv2WvjfCYJ:www.loc.gov/preserv/ study%2520of%2520CD%2520longevity.pdf+compact+disc+life+expectancy (15 Dec. 2004).

Media Sciences Inc. "ISO Standards : Interchangeable Media for Computer Mass Storage." http://www.mscience.com/iso.html (20 Nov. 2002).

National Institute of Standards and Technology. Information Technology Laboratory. "Quick Reference Guide for Care and Handling [of CDs & DVDs]." http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub121/contents.html#quick (21 Jan. 2004).

National Initiative for a Networked Cultural Heritage. The NINCH Guide to Good Practice in the Digital Representation and Management of Cultural Heritage Materials. http://www.nyu.edu/its/humanities/ninchguide/(28 March 2006).

National Library of Austrialia. Audio and Audiovisual material. http://www.nla.gov.au/padi/topics/48.html(28 March 2006).

Pohlmmann, Ken C. Measurment and Evaluation of Analog-to-Digital Converters Used in the Long-Term Preservation of Audio Recordings. http://www.clir.org/activities/details/AD-Converters-Pohlmann.pdf (3 Nov. 2006).

RLG Cultural Materials Initiative. "Recommendations for Digitizing for RLG Cultural Materials." http://www.rlg.org/culturalres/prospective.html (21 Nov. 2002).


    Digital MetaData

    1. Administrative Metadata for Digital Audio Files Harvard University
    2. Audio Technical Metadata Extension Schema L.C.
    3. AudioMD Data Dictionary L.C. Audio-Visual Prototyping Project
    4. Public Broadcasting Metadata Dictionary

Film and Video Tape Preservation, Vinegar Syndrome, etc.

 Vinegar Syndrome Articles http://www.capital.net/~jaytp/VINEGAR.HTM (12 Feb. 2003). (articles by Robley and Kalish)

National Film Preservation Board. "Film Storage White Paper - Keeping Cool and Dry: A New Emphasis in Film Preservation." http://lcweb.loc.gov/film/storage.html (30 Jan 2001).

Bachman, Rebecca. "Video Preservation: Glossary of Terms." http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byorg/bavc/bavcterm.html (19 July 1999).

Bigourdon, Jean-Louis. "Vinegar Syndrome: An Action Plan." http://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/sub pages/actionplan.pdf (12 Feb. 2003).

Coleman, Christopher, et al. "Text, lies and videotape": a discussion of reformatting technologies. Los Angeles Preservation Network conference, November 1991.

Cornette, Anji and Turner, Clayton. "Vinegar Syndrome: An Experience with the Silent but Stinky Acetate Tape Killer." http://www.cuttingarchives.com/vinegar.htm (15 Dec. 2004).

Forgas, Letitia. "The preservation of videotape: review and implications for libraries and archives." Libri Vol. 47 (Apr 1997): 43-56.

Frantz, Pollyanne. "Storage, care, handling and playing tips for 1/2 inch VHS in circulating collections." Mississippi Libraries V60 (Summer 1996): 48-49.

Image Permance Institute. "Film Preservation(A-D Strips)." http://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/shtml_sub/cat_adstrips.shtml (21 June 2006).

__________. "The IPI Storage Guide for Acetate Film." http://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/shtml_sub/cat_adstrips.shtml(21 June. 2006).

Lindner, Jim. Several articles of importance by Jim Lindner. http://www.media-matters.net/JimLindnePreservationArticles.html. (July 2007).

Reilly, James. "Film decay and how to slow it: Good Storage Practices.: http://www.filmpreservation.org/why_decays.html (14 April 1999).




Disaster Plans--dealing specifically with media

Illinois State University. "Illinois State University Libraries Disaster Plan." http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/disasters/plans/isudis.html(23 April 2000).

Spec Bros. "Disaster Planning." http://www.specsbros.com/disaster.html (19 Jan. 2005).

Syracuse University. "Procedures for Recovering Audio and Sound Recording Materials." http://libwww.syr.edu/information/preservation/audio.htm(23 April 2000).

Walsh, Betty. "Salvage at a Glance." http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/waac/wn/wn19/wn19-2/wn19-207.html (21 Feb. 2008).

Music metadata

Although this topic is not strictly related to audio preservation, it is problematic for many of us dealing with archival preservation and wishing to attach metadata to archival materials so here it is!

Sound Restoration & Record Care Products