شَيخ فَريد الْدّين عَطّارِ نيشابوری

حِکايتِ دُو روبَه اَز مَنْطِقُ الْطَّير

2 پَس بِه عِشْرَت جُفْتِ يَک ديگَر شُدَنْد 1 آن دُو روبَه چُون بِه هَم هَمْبَر شُدَنْد

  pas be `esh rat | jof  te  yek  di  | gar sho dand

 ā n do ru bah | chon be ham ham |bar sho dand

  L    S   L      L  |  L   S   L   L    |  L   S     EL

 L    S   L   L  |  L       S    L     L    |  L   S     EL

then in pleasure they became paired in copulation one with the other

  those two foxes when together they were breast-to breast

 
6 آن دُو روبَه را  زِ هَم اَفْکَنْد باز 5 خُشْرَوی دَر دَشْت شُد با يوز و باز

 ān do ru bah  | rā ze ham af  |  kan DO bāz

  khos ra vi dar | dash  TO shod bā | yu zo bāz

  L    S   L      L  |  L   S   L   L    |  L   S     L

 L    S   L   L  |  L       S    L     L    |  L   S     L

those two foxes he flung apart from one another

  the king went into the plain with his hunting panther and falcon

 
8 ما کُجا با هَم رَسيم آخِر بِگو 7 مادَه می‌پُرْسَد  زِ  نَر  کِه  اَی  رَخْنَه جو 

  mā ko jā bā   |  ham ra simā   | kher be gu

  mā de  mi por | sid ze nar kay | rekh ne ju

  L    S   L      L  |  L   S   L   L    |  L   S    L

 L    S   L   L  |  L       S    L     L    |  L   S     L

where/when when we meet in the end  say

  the female kept asking the male saying hey seeker of penetration

 
10 دَر دُکّانِ پوسْتين دوزانِ شَهْر 9 گُفْت ما را گَر بُوَد اَز عُمْر بَهْر

  dar do kā ne | pu SO tin du  | zā   ne shahr

  gof TO mā rā | gar bo va daz  | `om RO  bahr

  L    S   L      L  |  L   S   L   L    |  L   S     EL

 L    S   L   L  |  L       S    L     L    |  L   S     EL

in the furrier's shop in the city

  he said if we get our share from life

 

 

Pattern of meter :

--> Long Short Long Long | Long Short Long Long | Long Short Long

                                                                               | Long Short ExtraLong

   L(ong) is a long syllable, S(hort) is a short syllable and E(xtra)L(ong) is a syllable, usually restricted to the last foot, containing a consonant cluster. A long syllable may contain a consonant + short vowel + consonant OR consonant + long vowel. A short syllable contains a consonant + short vowel.  In the older stages of the Persian language, long vowels really were pronounced with a longer duration and short vowels a little shorter, however, this distinction has been lost in the modern language. Today, only a master poetry reader can produce this effect.

This metrical pattern  is called the "ramal musaddas",  and is the meter used in mystical masnavi's.

    The very word "masnavi" means "couplet" and both hemistichs of a couplet have the same rhyme in this pattern: AA, BB, CC, DD,  ...       

                                                                                        

                                                                                                                                  

Meter (وَزْن ): It is essential to first figure out the meter of a poem before attempting to understand the meaning.  This is how you can tell, among other things,  where the ezāfe's go and how you can distinguish  words whose meaning depends on a tashdid  (for example serr ("secret") and sar ("head").

    Procedure:

        First, mark off the long vowls: ā, i, u, and  long diphthongs: ay, aw (but careful if they are followed by a suffix)

        Then, mark off the short vowles: a, e, o

        When you see the pattern, deal with vowels which can be either long or short: final "he"  unpronounced "he"

                                                                                                                             word-final u/o (including the "vāv" meaning "and")

                                                                                                                              ezāfe's

        tashdid's are sometimes made use of  and sometimes ignored.

       It takes some juggling  to figure out where one syllable ends and the next begins.

        If you find you have 2 consonants, one-after-another, you need to break them up by adding a short vowel.  However,

        in the last "foot" or section of the verse, it is ok to have a consonant cluster and that syllable is called "ExtraLong"

        Every single verse of a ghazal has exactly the same pattern so once you know one for sure, you know them all! (Exception: the last "foot" can have

        several variants as we've seen in this ghazal.)

 

Hacking up the words of a poem to bits and pieces like this is called تَقْطيع   /taqti`/ "cutting" in Persian. In English it is called scanning. MORE!

  

 

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