غَزَلِ سَعْدی
| 2 سَرْو نَرويَد با اِعْتِدالِ مُحَمَّد |
1 ماه فُرو مانَد اَز جَمالِ مُحَمَّد |
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sar VO na ru| yad bā* `e te | dā le mo ham |mad |
mā HO fo ru | mā na daz ja | mā le mo ham | mad |
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L S S L | L S L S | L S S L | L |
L S S L | L S L S | L S S L | L |
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the cypress does not grow due to the uprightness of Mohammad |
the moon remains low from the beauty of Mohammad |
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4 دَر نَظَرِ قَدْرِ با کَمال ِ مُحَمَّد |
3 قَدْرِ فَلَک را کَمالِ مَنْزَلَتی نيسْت |
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dar na za re | qad re bā ka | mā le mo ham |mad |
qad re fa lak | rā ka mā le | man za la ti | nist |
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L S S L | L S L S | L S S L | L |
L S S L | L S L S | L S S L | EL |
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in view of the perfect esteem of Mohammad |
the worth of the heavens has no perfection of esteem |
Listen to this poem read in two different styles: |
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#1 The way it's supposed to be read.Hope you'll enjoy and try to imitate... |
#2 Read according to the meter.This style is provided only to show you the "behind-the-scenes" mechanics. Poetry is never actually recited this way so don't try this in public! The trick is to always be conscious of the meter but make it look like you're not! Listen to this style many, many times until it's in your blood, then throw it in the garbage and try to emulate the correct style to your left (#1) |
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Listen |
Listen |
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bā* This probably should be "be" for the sake of the meter, as in our story. |
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Pattern of meter :--> Long Short Short Long | Long Short Long Short | Long Short Short Long | (Extra)LongThis meter is called: monsareh mosamen matu-e mazkurمُنْصرحِ مثمِن مطوی مَذکور L(ong) is a long syllable, S(hort) is a short syllable and E(xtra)L(ong) is a syllable, usually restricted to the last foot, containing a consonant cluster. A long syllable may contain a consonant + short vowel + consonant OR consonant + long vowel. A short syllable contains a consonant + short vowel. In the older stages of the Persian language, long vowels really were pronounced with a longer duration and short vowels a little shorter, however, this distinction has been lost in the modern language. Today, only a master poetry reader can produce this effect. |
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| Meter (وَزْن ): It is essential to first figure out the meter of a poem before attempting to understand the meaning. This is how you can tell, among other things, where the ezāfe's go and how you can distinguish words whose meaning depends on a tashdid (for example serr ("secret") and sar ("head"). | |||
| Procedure: | |||
| First, mark off the long vowels: ā, i, u, and long diphthongs: ay, aw (but careful if they are followed by a suffix) | |||
| Then, mark off the short vowels: a, e, o | |||
| When you see the pattern, deal with vowels which can be either long or short: | |||
| final "he" unpronounced "he" | |||
| word-final u/o (including the "vāv" meaning "and" in poetry always pronounced (v)o) | |||
| ezāfe's | |||
| any other word-final short vowels | |||
| /i/ + vowel (especially /iyā/) | |||
| tashdid's and hamze's are sometimes made use of and sometimes ignored. | |||
| two Short syllables may be counted as one Long syllable | |||
| The first syllable of a foot may (in certain meters) be short, even if the meter calls for it to be long. | |||
| It takes some juggling to figure out where one syllable ends and the next begins. Learn to ignore spelling--syllabic units transcend word boundaries. | |||
| If you find you have 2 consonants, one-after-another (except "nun" + consonant), you need to break them up by adding a short vowel. However, in the last "foot" or section of the verse, it is ok to have a consonant cluster and that syllable is called "ExtraLong" | |||
| Hacking up the words of a poem to bits and pieces like this is called تَقْطيع /taqti`/ "cutting" in Persian. In English it is called scanning. MORE! | |||
References:Odes of Sheikh Muslihu-d-din Sadi Shirazi (page 1, #1) |
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