غَزَلِ سَعْدی
| 2 جَوابَش تَلْخ و پِنْداری شَکَر زيرِ زَبان دارَد | 1 غُلامِ آن سَبُک روحَم کِه سَر بَر مَن گِران دارَد |
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ja vāb ash tal | kho pen dā ri |she kar zi re | za bā dā rad |
gho lā me ān| sa bok ru ham| ke sar bar man| ge rān dā rad |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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his/her answers are bitter but he/she has sweet counsels under the tongue |
I am the slave of that light/free-spirited one who keeps [his/her] head heavy/lowered [when talking] with me |
| 4 بِه نَقْد اَنْدَر بِهِشْت اَسْت آن کِه ياری دِلْسِتان دارَد | 3 مَرا گَر دوسْتی با اُو بِه دوزَخ میبَرَد شايَد |
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be naqd an dar| be hesh tas tān| ke yā ri del| se tān dā rad |
ma rā gar du| SO ti bā u| be du zakh mi| ba rad shā yad |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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for now (in this world) he/she is in paradise who has a heart-snatching friend |
it would be fitting if friendship with him/her leads me to hell |
| 6 مُراد اَز بَخْت و حَظّ اَز عُمْر و مَقْصود اَز جَهان دارَد | 5 کَسی را کِه اِخْتياری هَسْت و مَحْبوبی و مَشْروبی |
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mo rā daz bakh| to haz zaz `om| ro maq su daz| ja hān dā rad |
ka si rā kekh |ti yā ri has| to mah bu bi| o mash ru bi |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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he/she has the fulfilled wish of fortune and pleasure from his/her life and his/her goal |
the one who has free will and a beloved and drunkenness |
| 8 بِه جانان زِنْدَگانی کُن بَهايم نيز جان دارَد | 7 بُرون اَز خُورْدَن و خُفْتَن حَياتی هَست مَرْدُم را |
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be jā nān zen| da gā ni kon| ba hā yem ni| ZO jān dā rad |
bo ru naz khor| da no khof tan| ha yā ti has| TO mar dom rā |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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live with the beloved, [for] even [any old] beast has a heart/soul/life |
outside of eating and sleeping man has a life |
| 10 چُو بُلْبُل کَز نَشاطِ گُل فَراغ اَز آشيان دارَد | 9 مَحَبَّت با کَسی دارَم کَز اُو با خُود نِمیآيَم |
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cho bul bul kaz| na shā te gol| fa rā ghaz ā| shi ān dā rad |
ma hab bat ba| ka si dā ram| kaz u bā khod| ne mi ā yam |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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just as the nightingale who because of the joy of the rose has disengagement from [containment of] the nest (=it forgets the nest) |
I have [such] a love with someone that because of him/her I don't come to [containment of] myself (=I forget myself) |
| 12 دُهُل را کِه اَنْدَرون باد اَسْت زِ اَنْگُشْتی فَغان دارَد | 11 نَه مَرْدَم گَر بِه شَمْشير اَز جَفای دوسْت بَرْگَرْدَم |
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do hul rā kān| da run bā dā| STO zān gosh ti| fa ghān dā rad |
na mar dam gar| be sham shi raz| ja fā e dus| TO bar gar dam |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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the drum which is [just] air inside from the [touch of ] finger has [makes] a loud cry |
I'm not a man if I return from the oppression of the friend with a sword |
| 14 مُحِبّ اَز خاک بَرخيزَد مَحَبَّت هَمْچُنان دارَد | 13 بِه تَشْويشِ قيامَت در کِه يار اَز يار بِگُريزَد |
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mo heb baz khā| KO bar khi zad| ma hab bat ham| cho nān dā rad |
be tash vi she| qi ā mat dar| ke yā raz yā| RO bog ri zad |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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the lover will rise from the dust (live on) [for] it has such a love |
have worry for the Day of Judgment for friend from friend will flee |
| 16 بِه بوی دوسْتان مانَد نَه بوی بوسْتان دارَد | 15 خُوش آمَد بادِ نَوروزی بِه صُبْح اَز باغِ پيروزی |
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be bu ye du| se tān mā nad| na bu ye bu| se tān dā rad |
ko shā mad bā| de naw ru zi| be sob haz bā| ghe pi ru zi |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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it resembles the scent of the friends it doesn't have the scent of the garden |
happily came the breeze of new days in the morning from the garden of victory |
| 18 چِه غَمْ دارَد زِ مَسْکينی کِه سَر بَر آسْتان دارَد | 17 يَکی سَر بَر کِنارِ يار و خوابِ صُبْح مُسْتَولی |
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che ghamm dā rad| ze mes ki ni| ke sar bar ā| se tān dā rad |
ye ki sar bar| ke nā re yā| RO khā be sob| HO mos taw li |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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what sorrow does he have for the poor one for he has his head on the Threshold |
he/she who has head on the side of the friend and [is in] sleep of the morning ensconced |
| 20 بِه تَنْها مُلْک میرانَد کِه مَنْظوری نِهان دارَد | 19 چُو سَعْدی عِشْق تَنْها باز و راحَت بين و آسايش |
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be tan hā mol| KO mi rā nad| ke man zu ri| ne hā dā rad |
cho sa` di `esh| QO tan hā bā| zu rā hat bi|NO ā sā esh |
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S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
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he who has a hidden intention runs the kingdom by himself |
like Sa`di experience love alone and be someone who is seeks ease and repose |
Listen to this poem read in two different styles: |
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#1 The way it's supposed to be read.Hope you'll enjoy and try to imitate...Notice it is not necessary to pause between feet or stichs and the emphasis is on word stress rather than syllable length.
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#2 Read according to the meter.This style is provided only to show you the "behind-the-scenes" mechanics. Poetry is never actually recited this way so don't try this in public! The trick is to always be conscious of the meter but make it look like you're not! Listen to this style many, many times until it's in your blood, then throw it in the garbage and try to emulate the correct style to your left (#1) |
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Listen |
Listen |
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Pattern of meter :--> Short Long Long Long | Short Long Long Long | Short Long Long Long | Short Long Long LongL(ong) is a long syllable, S(hort) is a short syllable and E(xtra)L(ong) is a syllable, usually restricted to the last foot, containing a consonant cluster. A long syllable may contain a consonant + short vowel + consonant OR consonant + long vowel. A short syllable contains a consonant + short vowel. In the older stages of the Persian language, long vowels really were pronounced with a longer duration and short vowels a little shorter, however, this distinction has been lost in the modern language. Today, only a master poetry reader can produce this effect. |
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| Meter (وَزْن ): It is essential to first figure out the meter of a poem before attempting to understand the meaning. This is how you can tell, among other things, where the ezāfe's go and how you can distinguish words whose meaning depends on a tashdid (for example serr ("secret") and sar ("head"). | |||
| Procedure: | |||
| First, mark off the long vowels: ā, i, u, and long diphthongs: ay, aw (but careful if they are followed by a suffix) | |||
| Then, mark off the short vowels: a, e, o | |||
| When you see the pattern, deal with vowels which can be either long or short: | |||
| final "he" unpronounced "he" | |||
| word-final u/o (including the "vāv" meaning "and" in poetry always pronounced (v)o) | |||
| ezāfe's | |||
| any other word-final short vowels | |||
| /i/ + vowel (especially /iyā/) | |||
| tashdid's and hamze's are sometimes made use of and sometimes ignored. | |||
| two Short syllables may be counted as one Long syllable | |||
| The first syllable of a foot may (in certain meters) be short, even if the meter calls for it to be long. | |||
| It takes some juggling to figure out where one syllable ends and the next begins. Learn to ignore spelling--syllabic units transcend word boundaries. | |||
| If you find you have 2 consonants, one-after-another (except "nun" + consonant), you need to break them up by adding a short vowel. However, in the last "foot" or section of the verse, it is ok to have a consonant cluster and that syllable is called "ExtraLong" | |||
| Hacking up the words of a poem to bits and pieces like this is called تَقْطيع /taqti`/ "cutting" in Persian. In English it is called scanning. MORE! | |||
References:Yaghmai (page 178, #221)Izadparast (page 233, #165)
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