غَزَلِ حافِظ
2 کِه عِشْق آسان نَمود اَوَّل وَلی اُفْتاد مُشْکِلها | 1 اَلا يا اَيُّها اَلْسّاقی اَدِر کأساً و ناوَلِها |
ke `esh qā sān|ne mu dav val |va li of tā|DO mosh kel hā |
a lā yā ay| yu hā sā qi | a der ka' san | wa nā vel hā |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
for love seemed easy at first but difficulties befell |
oh hey you cupbearer, pass around a cup and serve it MORE!!! |
4 زِ تابِ زُلْفِ مُشْکينَش چِه خون اُفْتاد دَردِلها |
3 بِه بوی نافَه اِی کِه آخِر صَبا زان طُرَّه بِگُشايَد |
ze tā be zol | fe mosh ki nash| che khu nof tā|DO dar del hā | be bu ye nā| fe i kā kher| sa bā zān tor| re bog shā yad |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
from the twist of his/her musky lock what blood fell in the heart |
with a whiff/desire of musk which, after all [this waiting], may the breeze open up from the lock of hair |
6 کِه سالِک بی خَبَر نَبُوَد زِ راه و رَسْمِ مَنْزِلها | 5 بِه مَی سَجّادَه رَنْگين کُن گَرَت پيرِ مُغان گويَد |
ke sā lek bi| kha bar nab vad |ze rā ho ras| me man zel hā |
be may saj jā| de ran gin kon| ga rat pi re| mo ghān gu yad |
S L L L |S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
for the well-traveled one is not ignorant as to the way and custom of the stages (places to get down) |
color with wine the prayer rug if to you the elder of the Maji's says |
8 جَرَس فَرْياد می دارَد کِه بَر بَنْديد مَحْمِلها | 7 مَرا دَر مَنْزِلِ جانان چِه اَمْنِ عَيش چوُن هَر دَم |
ma rā dar man | ze le jā nān | che am ne `ay | SHO chon har dam |
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S L L L |S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
the [caravan] bell is shouting that they've fastened up the saddle packs |
for me in the station of the beloved what peace of life (or respite for enjoyment) when every moment |
10 کُجا دانَنْد حالِ ما سَبُکْبارانِ ساحِلها | 9 شَبِ تاريک و بيمِ مَوج و گِرْدابی چُنين هائل |
ko jā dā nan | DO hā le mā | sa bok bā rā | ne sā hel hā |
sha be tā ri | ko bi me maw| jo ger dā bi | cho nin hā el |
S L L L |S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
how would they know our condition, the light-burdened ones of the shore |
the dark night and fear of wave and a typhoon is so horrible |
12 نِهان کَی مانَد آن رازی کَز آن سازَنْد مَحْفِلها | 11 هَمَه کارَم زِ خُود کامی بِه بَد نامی کَشيد آری |
na hān kay mā |nad ān rā zi | kaz ān sā zan |DO mah fel hā |
ha me kā ram| ze khod kā mi| be bad nā mi |ke shi dā ri |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
hidden when/where/how would that secret remain from those who make assemblies |
all my activities [done] with a view to self-gratification have led to ill-fame (bad exposure in public), yes |
14مَتی ما تَلْقَ مَن تَهْوَی دَع الْدّنيا و اَهْمِلْها | 13 حُضوری گَر هَمی خواهی اَز اُو غايب مَشَو حافِظ |
ma tā mā tal |qa man tah vā |da `ad don yā |wa ah mel hā |
ho zu ri gar | ha mi khā hi | a zu ghā ib | ma sho hā fez |
S L L L |S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
S L L L | S L L L | S L L L | S L L L |
as soon as that which is desired is found, leave the world and ignore it |
if you want just this (very thing) [to register] a (your) presence, don't absent [yourself] from him/her Hafez |
Listen to this poem read in two different styles: |
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#1 The way it's supposed to be read.Hope you'll enjoy and try to imitate...Notice it is not necessary to pause between feet or stichs and the emphasis is on word stress rather than syllable length. |
#2 Read according to the meter.This style is provided only to show you the "behind-the-scenes" mechanics. Poetry is never actually recited this way so don't try this in public! The trick is to always be conscious of the meter but make it look like you're not! Listen to this style many, many times until it's in your blood, then throw it in the garbage and try to emulate the correct style to your left (#1) |
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Listen |
Listen |
Hemistichs 1 and 14 are in Arabic so watch for some strangeness especially with a/ā and v and w. A poem with lines in another language mingled in is called "macaronic" and the resemblance to "macaroni" is not a coincidence for the ancients thought tossing a few vernacular bits into a Latin or Greek poem was cheapening it with the food of the common folk. |
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Pattern of meter :--> Short Long Long Long | Short Long Long Long | Short Long Long Long | Short Long Long LongL(ong) is a long syllable, S(hort) is a short syllable and E(xtra)L(ong) is a syllable, usually restricted to the last foot, containing a consonant cluster. A long syllable may contain a consonant + short vowel + consonant OR consonant + long vowel. A short syllable contains a consonant + short vowel. In the older stages of the Persian language, long vowels really were pronounced with a longer duration and short vowels a little shorter, however, this distinction has been lost in the modern language. Today, only a master poetry reader can produce this effect. |
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Meter (وَزْن ): It is essential to first figure out the meter of a poem before attempting to understand the meaning. This is how you can tell, among other things, where the ezāfe's go and how you can distinguish words whose meaning depends on a tashdid (for example serr ("secret") and sar ("head"). | |||
Procedure: | |||
First, mark off the long vowels: ā, i, u, and long diphthongs: ay, aw (but careful if they are followed by a suffix) | |||
Then, mark off the short vowels: a, e, o | |||
When you see the pattern, deal with vowels which can be either long or short: | |||
final "he" unpronounced "he" | |||
word-final u/o (including the "vāv" meaning "and" in poetry always pronounced (v)o) | |||
ezāfe's | |||
any other word-final short vowels | |||
/i/ + vowel (especially /iyā/) | |||
tashdid's and hamze's are sometimes made use of and sometimes ignored. | |||
two Short syllables may be counted as one Long syllable | |||
The first syllable of a foot may (in certain meters) be short, even if the meter calls for it to be long. | |||
It takes some juggling to figure out where one syllable ends and the next begins. Learn to ignore spelling--syllabic units transcend word boundaries. | |||
If you find you have 2 consonants, one-after-another (except "nun" + consonant), you need to break them up by adding a short vowel. However, in the last "foot" or section of the verse, it is ok to have a consonant cluster and that syllable is called "ExtraLong" | |||
Hacking up the words of a poem to bits and pieces like this is called تَقْطيع /taqti`/ "cutting" in Persian. In English it is called scanning. MORE! | |||
References:Divan-i Hafiz Khvajah Shams al-Din Muhammad (#, page 18) |