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 Electronic Texts & Documents | |
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Africa Region publications search "This Publications Database from the Africa Region of the World Bank makes available to interested scholars and development practitioners a series of development periodicals written by the Region's staff. The database represents an effort to create a viable, evolving knowledge base and disseminate it as widely as possible." |
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Africa's lakes : atlas of our changing environment |
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Africa's lakes an atlas of environmental change The print title will be "One planet many people : images of Africa's changing lakes" published by UN Environment Programme, forthcoming in 2006 |
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Africa's orphaned generations |
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African economic outlook -  UW restricted - (2001/2002) 2001/2002African economic outlook - UW restricted - (2002/2003) 2002/2003African economic outlook - UW restricted - (2003/2004) 2003/2004African economic outlook - UW restricted - (2004/2005) 2004/2005African economic outlook - UW restricted - (2005/2006) 2005/2006African economic outlook - UW restricted - (2006/2007) 2006/2007 |
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African elephant database, 1995 Reports on elephant surveys, populations, and distribution maps |
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African elephant database, 1998 Reports on elephant surveys, populations, and distribution maps |
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African mammals databank The African mammals databank is a GIS-based databank on the distribution and conservation of all the big and medium-sized mammals over the whole African continent |
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African marine mammals "The information on these pages has been pulled together to provide a brief overview of the marine mammal species that can be found in African waters. Where possible, information about localized research and/or species distribution in Africa has been included." |
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African medicinal plants setting priorities at the interface between conservation and primary healthcare / |
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African rhino status survey and conservation action plan / |
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African voices |
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Age determination of Acacia erioloba in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park |
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American Museum of Natural History Congo Expedition, May 1909-November 1915 Includes a multimedia introduction to the expedition, readings about the expedition and the Congo, and digitized sound recordings, artwork, photographs, video clips, field notes, maps, GIS data, and scientific publications related to the Congo. Users can search for field notebook entries, photographs (including anthropological objects collected by the expedition), and bibliographic citations, and can search by keyword in the full text of digitized scientific publications |
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analysis of access into central Africa's rainforests |
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Ancient journeys a festschrift in honor of Eugene Numa Lane / |
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Angola : towards an energy strategy / - UW restricted |
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Annual report / - 2004/2005 |
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AntWeb "AntWeb provides tools for exploring the diversity and identification of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). These tools have been developed to encourage the study of ants, to facilitate the use of ants in inventory and monitoring programs, and to provide ant taxonomists with access to images of type specimens. Currently AntWeb contains information on the ant faunas of several areas in the Nearctic and Malagasy biogeographic regions, and global coverage of all ant genera." |
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application of the monthly time step Pitman rainfall-runoff model to the Kafue River basin of Zambia The study's output includes: a comprehensive database of hydrometeorological, physical catchment characteristics, landuse and water abstraction information for the Kafue basin; calibrated Pitman model parameters for the sub-catchments within the Kafue basin; recommendations for future work and data collection programmes for the application of the model. The study has also built capacity by facilitating training and exposure to rainfall-runoff models (specifically the Pitman model) and associated software, SPATSIM. In addition, the dissemination of the results of this study will serve as an effective way of raising awareness on the application of the Pitman model and the use of the SPATSIM software within Zambia and the region. The overall Pitman model results were found to be satisfactory and the calibrated model is able to reproduce the observed spatial and temporal variations in streamflow characteristics in the Kafue River basin |
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Biodiversity surveys of the Nyungwe Forest Reserve in S.W. Rwanda / |
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Biology and conservation of the Cape (South African) fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus (Pinnipedia:Otariidae) from the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa |
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Capacity for forestry research in the Southern African Development Community / |
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Cato : a tragedy, and selected essays / |
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cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, Africa Contains checklists and pictures of cichlids and other fishes of Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa), a "Bibliography of Lake Malawi biology (with emphasis on fish systematics, ecology, and evolution)," remote-sensing images of Lake Malawi, links to other cichlid resources, and links to resources on the Lake Malawi region |
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Community-level effects of fragmentation of the afromontane grassland in the escarpment region of Mpumalanga, South Africa |
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Comparison of volcanic features of Elysium (Mars) and Tibesti (Earth) Age of Martian channels ; Nature and origin of intercrater plains on Mars / |
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Compte-rendu du Second Seminaire regional sur la conservation et la restauration des antilopes sahelo-sahariennes / |
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Confessions / |
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Conflict and growth in Africa / - UW restricted - Vol. 1 Conflict and growth in Africa / - UW restricted - Vol. 2Conflict and growth in Africa / - UW restricted - Vol. 3 |
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Conflict management in Africa : a permanent challenge / - UW restricted |
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Conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants in Ghana, 1999-2002 |
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Conservation measures for Sahelo-Saharan antelopes : action plan and status reports |
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Conservation through community use of plant resources establishing collaborative management at Bwindi Impenetrable and Mgahinga Gorilla National Parks, Uganda / |
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Conspectus of the vascular plants of Madagascar |
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Cote d'Ivoire / |
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Cote d'Ivoire : a country study / |
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Country commerce. Egypt / - UW restricted |
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Country commerce. Kenya / - UW restricted |
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Country commerce. Nigeria / - UW restricted |
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Country commerce. South Africa / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Algeria / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Angola / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Benin - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Botswana - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Botswana, Lesotho / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Burkina Faso - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Burundi - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Cameroon - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Cameroon, CAR, Chad / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Central African Republic - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Chad - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Congo - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Congo (Brazzaville) - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Cote d'Ivoire - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Cote d'Ivoire, Mali / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Democratic Republic of Congo - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Djibouti - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Egypt / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Equatorial Guinea - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Eritrea - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Ethiopia - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Gabon - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Gabon, Equatorial Guinea / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Ghana / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Guinea - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Guinea-Bissau - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Kenya / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Lesotho - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Liberia - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Libya / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Madagascar / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Malawi / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Mali - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Mauritania - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Morocco / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Mozambique / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Namibia - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Namibia, Swaziland / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Niger - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Niger, Burkina / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Nigeria / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Rwanda - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Rwanda, Burundi / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Sao Tome and Principe - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Sao Tome and Principe, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Senegal / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Sierra Leone - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Somalia - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. South Africa / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Sudan / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Swaziland - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Tanzania - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Tanzania, Comoros / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. The Gambia - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. The Gambia, Mauritania / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Togo - UW restricted Provides the historical context behind current economic and political events. Analyses the infrastructure and major industrial sectors of the economy. Includes a map and tables of economic data covering the previous five years |
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Country profile. Togo, Benin / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Tunisia / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Uganda / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Zaire / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Zambia / - UW restricted |
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Country profile. Zimbabwe / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Algeria / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Angola / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Benin - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Botswana - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Botswana, Lesotho / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Burkina Faso - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Burkina Faso, Niger / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali - UW restricted |
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Country report. Burundi - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Cameroon - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Cameroon, CAR, Chad / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Central African Republic - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Chad - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Congo (Brazzaville) - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Congo (Brazzaville), Sao Tome and Principe, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde - UW restricted |
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Country report. Congo (Democratic Republic) - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Congo, Sao Tome & Principe, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Cote d'Ivoire / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Djibouti - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Egypt / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Equatorial Guinea - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Eritrea - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Ethiopia - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Gabon - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Gabon, Equatorial Guinea / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Ghana / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Guinea - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Guinea-Bissau - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Kenya / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Lesotho - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Liberia - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Libya / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Madagascar - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Malawi - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Mali - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Mauritania - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Mauritius, Madagascar, Seychelles / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Morocco / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Mozambique - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Mozambique, Malawi / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Namibia - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Namibia, Swaziland / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Niger - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Nigeria / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Rwanda - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Rwanda, Burundi / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Sao Tome and Principe - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Senegal - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Senegal, The Gambia, Mauritania / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Sierra Leone - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Somalia - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. South Africa / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Sudan / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Swaziland - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Tanzania - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Tanzania, Comoros / - UW restricted |
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Country report. The Gambia - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Togo - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Togo, Benin / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Togo, Niger, Benin, Burkina / - UW restricted "Analysis of economic and political trends every quarter." |
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Country report. Tunisia / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Uganda / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Zambia - UW restricted Describes political and economic policy, the domestic economy, foreign trade and payments. Provides 18-24 month forecasts |
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Country report. Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo - UW restricted |
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Country report. Zambia, Zaire / - UW restricted |
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Country report. Zimbabwe / - UW restricted |
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Creditor reporting system gazette. Aid activities in Africa / Systeme de notification des pays creanciers. Activites d'aide en Afrique / Comite d'aide au developpement - UW restricted - (SourceOECD) 1997/1998 |
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Creditor reporting system. Aid activities in Africa / - UW restricted - (SourceOECD) 1997/1998 |
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Creditor reporting system. Aid activities. Aid activities in Africa / Systeme de notification des pays creanciers. Activites d'aide. Activites d'aide en Afrique / Comite d'aide au developpement - UW restricted - (SourceOECD) 1998 to present |
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CSDS research report |
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Defences and responses : woody species and large herbivores in African savannas / |
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development and management framework for a new Octopus vulgaris fishery in South Africa A new policy incorporating an operational protocol was developed for the establishment of new fisheries in South Africa. The common octopus, Octopus vulgaris was used as a candidate species for the project. The operational protocol consisted of a three-phased development framework, namely information gathering (Phase 0), an experimental fishery (Phase 1) and the final implementation of a commercial fishery (Phase 2). The present study focussed on phase 0 of this theoretical framework and protocol and was implemented by using a proposed octopus pot fishery in South Africa as a case study. Phase 0 included a desktop study, information gathering in the field, an economic feasibility study and the formulation of a Fishery Management Plan and experimental design for the fishery. Information gaps identified during the desktop study were addressed during field investigations into the population structure and biology of O. vulgaris along the southeast coast. Immature females were found to use the intertidal area to feed and grow before migrating to the subtidal area to mature and spawn. Mean size differed substantially between intertidal and subtidal areas, with larger octopus found subtidally. Age and growth trials using tetracycline as a marker showed that O. vulgaris deposit daily growth lines in their beaks. A genetic study showed that there is most likely only one panmitic population along the coast. The economic feasibility study indicated that a longline pot fishery could be feasible provided a 30% catch in 6600 pots/month is attained. Only existing, debt-free vessels should be used in this fishery. The Fishery Management Plan proposed in this study includes management measures such as effort limitation of licences and gear, size restrictions, vessel monitoring systems, and observer programmes. Based on the population dynamics and biology of O. vulgaris it is suggested that a precautionary approach to developing fisheries for this species in both the inter- and subtidal areas along the South African coast |
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dugong (Dugong dugon) in Tanzania a national assessment of status, distribution, and threat / |
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Duke Papyrus Archive The Duke Papyrus Archive provides access to catalog records and images of a portion of Duke's 1,100 papyri from Ancient Egypt |
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E-powering the people : South Africa's Smart Cape Access Project / A project to ensure that all citizens of Cape Town, South Africa have access to basic information and communications technologies |
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East African Rift Valley lakes / |
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East London a port city in the eastern Cape |
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Ecological aspects and resource management of bamboo forests in Ethiopia / |
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ecology and population dynamics of the Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus in the Flag Boshielo Dam, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
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ecology of the leopard (Panthera pardus) in the Waterberg |
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economic evaluation of medicinal tree cultivation Prunus africana in Cameroon / |
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Economic report on Africa : a report of the staff[s] of the African Development Bank and Economic Commission for Africa - 1999 to present |
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effect of elephant utilisation on the Sterculia rogersii and Adansonia digitata populations of the Kruger National Park This study assesses elephant induced damage and mortality of baobab and common star-chestnut trees in the northern Kruger National Park. Comparisons are made between the populations north and south of the Luvuvhu River. The density, population size and age structure are estimated. The population structure of neither species has been shaped by elephant utilisation. While the baobab population has a healthy age distribution, that of the star-chestnut population shows that recruitment has declined in recent decades. Utilisation has been found to be higher in the south as a result of higher elephant densities, although recently damage has been greater in the north. Damage increases with tree size. The mortality of baobabs is lower than in other areas where elephants and baobabs co-exist. Elephants are not playing a significant role in mortality of either tree species and management of factors other than elephant is required to improve regeneration rates of these species |
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effect of sodomy laws on lifting the ban on homosexual personnel three case studies / This study examines the impact of active sodomy laws on the elimination of bans against homosexual personnel in three different contexts. In each case, a ban against homosexual service was lifted while sodomy laws were still in effect. In two instances--those of Australia and South Africa--sodomy laws were overturned within a few years of the elimination of bans on gay and lesbian personnel in the Australian and South African Defence Forces. In one instance--the Miami Beach Police Department--the state sodomy law has remained in effect long after gays and lesbians have been allowed to serve openly. The evidence clearly suggests that in these two foreign militaries and in a domestic police department, homosexual personnel were successfully integrated into either police or military service despite the existence of an active sodomy law when each respective ban was lifted |
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Efficacy of a HIV intervention in the workplace, as measured by KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) questionnaires a before and after study / |
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Egypt - UW restricted Egypt - UW restricted |
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Egypt's tourism net Searchable links to tourist information in Egypt. The site is a cooperative effort of the Egyptian IDSC and RITSEC |
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Ethiopian wolf status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Ethnobotany of the Loita Masai towards community management of the Forest of the Lost Child : experiences from the Loita Ethnobotany Project / Ethnobotany of the Loita Masai towards community management of the Forest of the Lost Child : experiences from the Loita Ethnobotany Project / |
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EthnoMed ethnic medicine guide / This site contains information about cultural beliefs, medical issues and other related issues pertinent to the health care of recent immigrants to Seattle, many of whom are refugees fleeing war-torn parts of the world |
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feeding biology and potential impact of introduced giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) are extralimital (non-native) to the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa yet they have and continue to be introduced to the region. Financial gain has arguably been the driving force behind these introductions as foreign tourists associate giraffe with Africa and the African wildlife experience. This raises a number of ethical, ecological, and philosophical questions, especially when it is considered that the impact of these browsers on the indigenous vegetation has remained largely unquantified. In this study I assessed the diet and potential impact of three populations of giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province between January 2002 and October 2003. The diet was assessed by both direct observations and faecal analysis. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the results of the two methods of analysis, although direct observations appeared to be a superior method for assessing the diet of giraffe. The diet of giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province was similar to that within their native range with a deciduous species from the genus Acacia (Acacia karroo) being the most important component of the diet. However, giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province consumed more evergreen plant species than those within their native range. The relative lack of deciduous species in the Eastern Cape Province provides a likely explanation for such a result. Seasonal variation in the consumption of the most important species in the diet was evident and this was attributed to the deciduous nature of A. karroo and the seasonal growth of new shoots which were more palatable. The vegetation of the areas most commonly utilised by giraffe at each site was sampled using the point-centred-quarter method and the results related to the frequency of each species in the diet to calculate preference indices. Giraffe preference was strongest for A. karroo and this was attributed to the highly favourable chemical composition of the species. The browse utilisation of giraffe at each site was determined using the twig-length method and intake rates for the three most important species in the diet calculated using a pre-existing regression equation. Male giraffe fed at a higher rate than females. This was probably due to males adopting a "time-minimising" strategy to their feeding in order to allow more time for reproductive pursuits. Giraffe browse utilisation was highest where giraffe density was highest. However, several species were more heavily browsed than others even when giraffe density was low, suggesting that giraffe are capable of negatively affecting the indigenous flora of the province. I conclude that giraffe numbers should be reduced relative to property size in the Eastern Cape Province and that research into the impact of not only giraffe but the combined effects of giraffe and other extralimital herbivores on the indigenous flora and fauna be continued |
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Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia / |
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field investigation of physical workloads imposed on harvesters in South African forestry The results revealed awkward working postures with a predominance of trunk flexion during all the harvesting tasks; these postures, adopted for long periods during work, are very likely to lead to the development of musculoskeletal injuries. The mean working heart rates were 123.3 bt.min-1 and 117.6 bt.min-1 during chainsaw operations and stacking respectively. During the step test, the mean heart rate and oxygen uptake responses were 127.9 bt.min-1 and 22.9 mlO2.kg-1.min-1 (chainsaw operators) and 116.9 bt.min-1 and 24.0 mlO2.kg-1.min-1 (stackers), revealing no significant difference between the "working" heart rates and the heart rates recorded during the step test. Physiological responses were analyzed over the full work shift which was divided into four quarters. Heart rate and oxygen uptake were significantly higher during the last half of the chainsaw operators' work shift compared to the first half. Heart rate increased from 120.7 bt.min-1 during the first quarter to 127.4 bt.min-1 during the last quarter of chainsaw operations. Likewise, oxygen uptake increased from 19.9 mlO2.kg-1.min-1 to 22.9 mlO2.kg-1.min-1 from the first to the last quarter of work. During stacking the heart rate (mean of 117.6 bt.min-1) and oxygen uptake (mean of 24.6 ml.kg-1.min-1) responses remained stable over the duration of the working shift. Workers lost, on average, 2.8% body mass during work while felling and cross-cutting and 3.6% during stacking. This reduced significantly to a loss of 0.4% body mass when re-tested following the introduction of water and food during the work period. Likewise, the energy deficit was significantly improved due to the introduction of a nutritional supplement. Pre-intervention the deficit was 8861.8 kJ (chainsaw operators) and 8804.2 kJ (stackers) while in the post-intervention phase this deficit was reduced by approximately 50% for both groups of workers |
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first look at logging in Gabon a Global Forest Watch report prepared by Jean-Gael Collomb |
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Forests and the Democratic Republic of Congo : opportunity in a time of crisis / |
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Gallica la bibliotheque numerique / Gallica is a digital library of French and francophone culture maintained by the Bibliotheque nationale de France. Contains numerous electronic texts, images, maps, animation, and sound files of French and other publications in history, literature, science, philosophy, law, economics, and political science |
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Growth and suitability of some tree species selected for planting in adverse environments in Eritrea and Ethiopia / |
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Guide d'identification des ressources marines vivantes du Maroc = Dalil tarif al-mawarid al-bahriyah al-hayyah fi al-Maghrib / |
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guide to original sources for precolonial western Africa published in European languages : for the most part in book form / |
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guide to the land snails of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar |
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Habitat requirements and foraging ecology of the Madagascar fish-eagle / The results of this study indicate that Madagascar fish-eagles require bodies of water with large shoreline trees and an ample fish population. I recommend greater protection of aquatic habitats, monitoring and management of freshwater fish populations, and education of local people in sustainable tree harvesting practices |
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Historical documents Collection of documents of the African National Congress dating back to the 1950s including extensive listings of Nelson Mandela's speeches and writings and documents from other organizations concerning apartheid and the struggle for national liberation |
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horse in Roman society This dissertation presents an investigation of the place of the horse in Roman society, within the context of its roles as equus publicus, which derived ultimately from that of the cavalry mount, and race-horse. Consideration of the ceremonial role of the horse provides a clearer understanding of the value placed upon horses and horsemanship in the Roman world, thus permitting inferences to be drawn regarding the role played by the horse in the development of the equester ordo. Evidence is drawn from both literary and archaeological sources to shed light on the management and training of the horses of equestrian Rome. Chariot racing is also re-examined from the perspective of its equine players, and evidence is drawn from various sources to provide a more complete picture of the Roman horse-racing industry as a social structure. The importance of the racehorse in Roman society is examined and the symbolism of the victorious horse as represented in Roman art is discussed |
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Impacts of wildlife and cattle grazing on spider (Araneae) biodiversity in a highland savanna ecosystem, in Laikipia, central Kenya Spider diversity, relative vegetation cover, and rainfall varied at a temporal scale of months and not at a spatial scale of hundreds of metres. Only species diversity and species richness from sweep-netting samples and total species from pitfall-trapping varied significantly at a spatial scale of hundreds of metres. Ordination analysis revealed that sweep-netting samples were a better indicator of grazing impacts than pitfalltrapping or combined samples and grouped to reflect cattle grazing, non-cattle grazing, and to a small extent the control treatments. Other ordination analyses showed that only samples from sweep-netting and not from pitfall-trapping, were spatially partitioned at a scale of hundreds of metres. This study concludes that the spider fauna of black cotton soil habitats is rich and useful for environmental monitoring and that monitoring of several individual species as indicator of grazing impacts in savanna could be useful and relatively easy |
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Investigations of human gnawing on small mammal bones among contemporary Bofi foragers of the Central African Republic / |
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IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group's African wild dog status survey and action plan (1997) |
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Kenya, facing the challenges of Africa's integration in the global economy the role of multinational enterprises in the plantation sector |
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Kitabi al-iliktruni wa-al-matbu my book digital & printed |
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LacusCurtius into the Roman world / Site contains maps and images of old Rome and the Empire; also contains some digitized texts |
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language policy of South Africa what do people say? / The research project takes a hard look into the attitudes or perceptions of speakers of African languages towards the new language policy of South Africa. The question answered in this regard is, "What do people say?" The research project explores the extent of radical shift in African consciousness giving impetus to the resurgence of African languages so that they carry philosophical and scientific discourse to unprecedented heights. Maintaining the primordial language policy that is dominated by English and Afrikaans is like putting new wine into old skins. Thus, the research also seeks to establish strategies that could be implemented in order to ensure the revitalisation and rejuvenation of African languages so that all the languages take their rightful place. In other words, the research explores ways of injecting a new kind of consciousness that integrates language and content in schools so as to replace the primordial "telescopic philanthropy" type of approach existing currently in education and other major domains |
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legal rights of the women of ancient Egypt The legal rights of the women of ancient Egypt are discussed in this dissertation. All the different aspects of the legal system were examined in order to conclude whether the ancient Egyptian women indeed had legal rights. An inquiry was therefore conducted into the Egyptian family law, the law of succession, property law, law of contract, and criminal law. The modern classification of the law was used, seeing that no evidence exists to provide us with the ancient Egyptians' classification method |
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Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda:Abelisauridae) from the late Cretaceous of Madagascar / - UW restricted |
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Maps & distribution of the birds of the western Palearctic region |
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medicinal value of Amaryllidaceae and Asteraceae species used in male circumcision The main aim of this study was to determine whether plants use in male circumcision practiced by the rural communities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa have antimicrobial, analgesic, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The plants investigated were Helichrysum pedunculatum (Asteraceae), Boophone disticha and Scadoxus multiflorus (Amaryllidaceae). A number of biological assays were used to verify their allegedly medicinal properties. A receptor-binding assay was also applied on these herbs to verify the aspect of pain management as no substances exhibiting analgesic activity are used during the ritual. Other plants from the Amaryllidaceae family, which are also used in male circumcision, were investigated for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity |
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Memorandum of understanding concerning conservation measures for marine turtles of the Atlantic Coast of Africa Memorandum d'accord sur les mesures de conservation pour les tortues marines de la cote atlantique de l'Afrique |