 Electronic Texts & Documents | |
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1996 action plan for Australian marsupials and monotremes / |
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1996 survey for Columbia spotted frogs in the Owyhee Mountains of southwestern Idaho / |
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1997 Black Lake survey : a coastal warmwater fish community before the introduction of grass carp / |
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1997 Horseshoe Lake survey : the warmwater fish community before chemical precipitation of phosphorus and increase dilution of the lake / |
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1997 Lake Tapps survey : the warmwater fish community of a reservoir managed for hydropower / |
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1997 Mason Lake survey : the warmwater fish community of a lake dominated by non-game fish / |
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1997 Silver Lake survey : the forage fish community after removal of aquatic vegetation by grass carp / |
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1997 South Lewis County Regional Park Pond survey : the warmwater fish community before implementing biological control of nuisance aquatic vegetation and overproduction of forage and non-game fish / |
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1998 Lake Cassidy survey : the warmwater fish community competing under conditions of hypolimnetic anoxia and dense aquatic macrophytes / |
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1998 Lake Goodwin survey : potential trophy largemouth bass and smallmouth bass fisheries in a heavily fished, intensively managed western Washington lake / |
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1998 Lake Hummel survey : the largemouth bass-bluegill community of a eutrophic, island lake / |
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1998 Lake Whatcom survey : the warmwater fish community 15 years after the introduction of smallmouth bass / |
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1998 Sunset Pond survey : the warmwater fish community in a disturbed, urban system and salmonid migration route / |
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1998 Twin Lakes (Gissburg Ponds) survey : assessment and comparison of the warmwater fish communities in two small, heavily fished ponds / |
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1998 warmwater fish survey of Clear Lake, Spokane County, Washington / |
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1998 warmwater fish survey of Lake Limerick (Mason County) : a small lake intensively managed to control aquatic plants / |
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1998 warmwater fish survey of Vancouver Lake, Clark County / |
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1998 warmwater fish survey of Worth Lake, Franklin County, Washington / |
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1998 warmwater fisheries survey of Island Lake (Mason County) / |
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1998 warmwater fisheries survey of Jumpoff Joe Lake / |
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1998 warmwater fisheries survey of Liberty Lake / |
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1998 warmwater fisheries survey of Mesa Lake (Franklin County) / |
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1998 warmwater fisheries survey of Powerline Lake (Franklin County) / |
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1999 Campbell Lake survey : the warmwater fish community fifteen years after implementation of a lake restoration plan / |
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1999 Green Lake surveys : aspects of the biology of common carp with notes on the warmwater fish community / |
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1999 Lake Desire survey : the warmwater fish community of a productive inland lake historically managed for trout / |
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1999 Lake Sawyer survey : the warmwater fish community in a popular, unregulated fishery / |
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1999 Lake Terrell survey : potential trophy largemouth bass and channel catfish fisheries in a lowland western Washington lake preserve / |
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1999 Lower Goose Lake warmwater survey, Grant County, Washington / |
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1999 warmwater fish survey of Big Chambers Lake (Russell Lake), Thurston County / |
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1999 warmwater fish survey of Harts Lake, Pierce County / |
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1999 warmwater fisheries survey of Alkali Lake, Grant County, Washington / |
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1999 warmwater fisheries survey of McCabe Pond / |
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1999 warmwater fisheries survey of Palmer Lake (Okanogan County), Washington / |
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1999 warmwater survey of Duck Lake, Grays Harbor County / |
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20-year recount of bird populations along a Great Basin elevational gradient / |
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2000 Lake Meridian survey : the warmwater fish community of an oligotrophic urban lake / |
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2000 warmwater fisheries survey of Whitestone Lake, Okanogan County, Washington / |
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2001 international piping plover census in Alberta |
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2001 Spencer Lake survey : biological characteristics of a minimally exploited, isolated fish community consisting of smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, and prickly sculpin / |
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2001 systematic catalog of Culicidae |
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2002 index watershed salmon recovery monitoring report |
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2003 loggerhead shrike survey in Alberta |
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2004 IUCN red list of threatened species Provides taxonomic, conservation status and distribution information on taxa that have been evaluated using the IUCN red list categories. Includes information on taxa that are categorized as extinct, taxa that cannot be evaluated because of insufficient information and on lower risk taxa |
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2004 status review of southern resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) under the Endangered Species Act / |
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2005 ferruginous hawk inventory and population analysis |
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2nd ASEAN Symposium and Workshop on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation abstracts from the symposium / |
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3-dimensional evaluation of wing movement in ground birds during flap-running and level flight an ontogenetic study / To better understand the versatility of the avian wing, we also studied juvenile birds as they negotiated their 3-dimensional, terrestrial environment, from a period of pre-flight to adulthood. Juvenile precocial ground birds flap their developing wings from the day they hatch in order to attain elevated refuges and to descend safely from heights. The wing kinematics of pre-flight juveniles employing WAIR and controlled flapping descent (CFD) compare to those of the adult respectively performing WAIR and flying, but are awkward and clumsy. The kinematic variables observed can be organized into two groups (neuromuscular/behavioral, and growth) based on developmental patterns. In order to survive their vulnerable pre-flight stage, juveniles negotiate their complex environment by creating aerodynamic forces, conferred by their incipient wings, to flap-run up slopes to safety, and flap down to return to the ground. WAIR and CFD illustrate the incrementally adaptive uses of the ontogenetically developing wing and may be reflective of functional transitions during the evolutionary development of avian flight |
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Abundance and future options for wetapunga on Little Barrier Island / |
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Abundance and population structure of humpback whales in the North Pacific Basin final report / |
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Abundance and population trends of mollymawks on Campbell Island / |
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Acoustic and visual survey of cetaceans in the waters of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, February-March 2001 |
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action plan for Australian birds, 2000 / Provides a national overview of the conservation status of all birds occurring in Australian territory against IUCN categories. Outlines threats and recommends actions to minimise these. Habitats or areas of particular importance for bird conservation including key areas for threatened species are listed. The plan identifies processes that threaten birds and the areas where these processes are a problem in order to recommend conservation priorities including research and management actions. Lists 25 taxa as Extinct, 32 as Critically Endangered, 41 as Endangered, 82 as Vulnerable, and 81 as Near Threatened as of 30 June, 2000. The remaining 1,114 taxa are deemed to be Least Concern, including 28 introduced taxa and 95 vagrants. Recovery outlines are presented for all threatened taxa (Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable) and taxon summaries for taxa listed as Extinct or Near Threatened. An additional 53 taxon summaries are presented for Least Concern taxa that have restricted distributions or have previously been considered threatened |
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action plan for Australian cetaceans / |
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action plan for Australian frogs / |
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Action plan for seabird conservation in New Zealand / - pt. A Action plan for seabird conservation in New Zealand / - pt. B |
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Action plan for the conservation of cartilaginous fishes (chondrichthyans) in the Mediterranean Sea Plan d'action pour la conservation des poissons cartilagineux (chondrichtyens) en mer Mediterranee |
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Activity patterns and habitat associations of Kemp's ridley turtles, Lepidochelys kempi, in the coastal waters of the Cedar Keys, Florida Habitat associations of Kemp's ridley turtles were analyzed in terms of availability, utilization, and preference using compositional analyses. Forty-eight percent of the study area consisted of sand bottom, but over half of the sand sites had rock outcroppings. Seagrasses comprised 16% of the available habitat, green macroalgae comprised 12%, live bottom and red macroalgae each comprised 7%, and the Corrigan Reef oyster bars comprised < 2%. Six of the turtles utilized unvegetated sand and rock bottom surrounding Corrigan Reef (65-78% of foraging ranges and 64-82% of locations), and three turtles utilized the vegetated southern region (37-64% of foraging ranges and 31-57% of locations). Compositional analyses indicated that turtles used rock outcroppings in their foraging ranges at a significantly higher proportion than available within the study area. Additionally, live bottom and green macroalgae were utilized significantly more than seagrasses. Water depth ranged from intertidal oyster reefs to depths > 3 m, but turtles preferred 1-3 m depths within their foraging ranges. Daily activities of turtles were attributed to food acquisition and bioenergetics, while their habitat associations may be correlated to habitat structure, prey availability, competition, and developmental stage |
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Activity patterns of the Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) in relation to reproductive time periods |
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Adaptive branching of the kangaroo family in relation to habitat / |
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Additional records and notes for Wheeler's (1992) List of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles / -  UW restricted |
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Addressing uncertainty in braided river bird counts / When estimating a true population parameter from survey data, there is always some level of uncertainty as a result of imperfect detection, imperfect observation, spatial and temporal variation, and sampling error. In this report, we discuss the sources of uncertainty in New Zealand braided river bird counts. We use Monte Carlo simulations to illustrate the effect of different survey designs on uncertainty in counts for two species of bird: wrybill (Anarhynchus frontalis) and black-fronted tern (Sterna albostriata). The simulations were based on observed counts from previous river surveys. In general, larger annual changes can be detected with less uncertainty than smaller changes. Additional survey effort, e.g. replicate counts within a year, replicate sections within a river or replicate surveys over sequential years, will reduce uncertainty |
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Aerial and land-based surveys of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska, June and July 1999 and 2000 / |
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Aerial reconnaissance surveys for piping plover habitats in east-central Alberta, May 2001 |
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aerial survey of caribou on western Victoria Island (5-17 June 1994) / |
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Aerial surveys for sea turtles, marine mammals, and vessel activity along the southeast Florida coast, 1992-1996 |
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Aerial surveys of endangered whales in the Beaufort Sea, fall 1995 |
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Aerial wildlife survey of the Edehzhie candidate protected area and vicinity, February 2003 / |
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Aerial, ship, and land-based surveys of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in the western stock in Alaska, June and July 2003 and 2004 / |
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Aerial-based inventory methods for selected ungulates bison, mountain goat, mountain sheep, moose, elk, deer, and caribou / Aerial-based inventory methods for selected ungulates bison, mountain goat, mountain sheep, moose, elk, deer, and caribou / - Inventory dataforms |
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African elephant database, 1995 Reports on elephant surveys, populations, and distribution maps |
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African elephant database, 1998 Reports on elephant surveys, populations, and distribution maps |
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African mammals databank The African mammals databank is a GIS-based databank on the distribution and conservation of all the big and medium-sized mammals over the whole African continent |
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African marine mammals "The information on these pages has been pulled together to provide a brief overview of the marine mammal species that can be found in African waters. Where possible, information about localized research and/or species distribution in Africa has been included." |
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African rhino status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Age and growth of blue shark (Prionace glauca) from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone / |
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Age and growth of giant stargazer, Kathetostoma giganteum, from the west coast of the South Island (STA 7) / |
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Age and growth of wild-caught grass carp in the Waikato River catchment / |
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Age and length composition of Columbia Basin chinook and sockeye salmon and steelhead at Bonneville Dam in .. - 2004 to present |
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Age and length composition of Columbia Basin chinook, sockeye, and coho salmon at Bonneville Dam in .. |
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Age and sex composition survey of Banks Island muskoxen, July-August, 1986 / |
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Age and size statistics for rainbow trout collected in the Susitna River drainage during 1992 / |
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Age compositions, growth rates, reproductive biology, and diets of the black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri in four estuaries and a coastal saline lake in south-western Australia |
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Age determination and establishment of reproductive condition from marine mammal biopsy sampling / |
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Agromyzidae |
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Alaska wildlife notebook series |
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Alberta amphibian call surveys a pilot year : final report / |
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Alberta inventory for the northern leopard frog (2000/2001) |
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Alberta peregrine falcon recovery plan, 2004-2010 |
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Alberta piping plover recovery plan, 2002-2004 |
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Alberta woodland caribou recovery plan, 2004/05-2013/14 |
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Aleiodes wasps of eastern forests : a guide to parasitoids and associated mummified caterpillars / |
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Alexander Archipelago wolf : a conservation assessment / |
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All catfish species inventory |
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Alpine lizard research in Fiordland National Park : February-March 2007 / In 2004, a new species of skink ("Sinbad skink"; Oligosoma sp. "Sinbad Valley") was discovered in Fiordland National Park, South Island, New Zealand. Although the individual was collected as a potential holotype specimen, it was a juvenile; therefore, a taxonomic description of this species remained incomplete. Field expeditions were undertaken to the Darran Mountains and Llawrenny Peaks, Fiordland National Park, to collect data on and photographs of an adult Sinbad skink for the preparation of a formal taxonomic description of the species. The Barrier Knob and Sinbad Gully areas were surveyed and 11 lizards, including one Sinbad skink, were captured over 5 days. One possible new species of skink, which has been assigned the tag name "Barrier skink," was discovered. Another skink (tentatively called the "mahogany skink") may represent a second new species, but requires further investigation. The presence of introduced mammals and weka (Gallirallus australis) within the Sinbad area are of concern for both the Sinbad and mahogany (Oligosoma sp. "mahogany skink") skinks, since these skinks are likely to have high priority for research and conservation. Further surveys are required to identify and secure populations of each taxon, and to establish their range, habitat and microhabitat, and conservation status. Our findings suggest that Fiordland is a potential "hotspot" for lizard diversity. Additional surveys for both geckos and skinks in the Fiordland National Park are required, as further new species are likely to exist throughout the area |
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American woodcock population status |
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Amoebae on the Web Web-site dedicated to systematics and identification of naked lobose amoebae / |
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Amphibian and reptile species of special concern in California / |
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Amphibian declines in Australia |
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Amphibian population and community characteristics, habitat relationships, and first-year responses to clearcutting in a central Appalachian industrial forest |
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Amphibian population and pathogen surveys in the Dehcho and Sahtu, Northwest Territories, 2007 and 2008 / |
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Amphibian species of the world an online reference |
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Amphibian tour of Canada Provides information on the amphibians found in each of Canada's provinces and territories. Gives common names in both English and French. Includes photographs, distribution maps, species accounts, and audio of frog and toad calls |
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amphibian tree of life / |
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Amphibians & reptiles of the southeastern United States and the U.S. Virgin Islands |
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amphibians and reptiles of Alaska a field handbook / |
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amphibians and reptiles of Malinau region, Bulungan Research Forest, East Kalimantan annotated checklist with notes on ecological preferences of the species and local utilization / |
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Amphibians of Washington Checklist of the amphibians of Washington, consisting of 14 species of salamanders, 10 native species of frogs, and 2 species of non-native frogs. Includes photographs, biological and conservation information, links to distribution maps, as well as links to other amphibian resources |
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Amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals not at risk in British Columbia : the yellow list (1994) / |
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AmphibiaWeb Provides access to information relating to amphibian biology and conservation, including amphibian declines. Includes taxonomic information for every recognized species of amphibian in the world. Species descriptions, life history information, conservation status, literature references, photos, and range maps are available for many species and are being added regularly by specialists and volunteers from around the world. In addition, AmphibiaWeb provides easy and fast access to museum specimen data from large herpetological collections |
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Anabat bat detection system : description and maintenance manual / Anabat bat detection systems record ultrasonic bat calls on cassette tape by using a sophisticated ultrasonic microphone and cassette tape interface. This paper describes equipment setup and some maintenance issues. The layout and function of display panels are presented with special emphasis on how to use this information to troubleshoot equipment problems. The maintenance section describes opening the equipment, identifying an internal battery, removing panels for maintenance, reinstalling a dislodged light sensor, replacing a broken switch, constructing and replacing a critical battery stack, and making an external power cable. A short discussion on the Anabat software describes how to access, install, and check the Anabat5 program for use with the Anabat equipment. The unit used to access field data collected on a cassette recorder, the zero crossings analysis interface module (ZCAIM), is briefly addressed with a section on how to adjust the tape recorder head skew so that field data can be reproduced accurately on a laboratory recorder. Tips for handling 12-volt rechargeable batteries are also included |
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analysis of nesting mortality in birds / |
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analysis of scientific literature related to the Florida panther |
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analysis of the 1994-1996 northern Strait of Georgia oyster survey |
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Analysis of the ash weight and elemental composition in caribou (Rangifer tarandus) faecal pellets collected at Colomac and other sites in the NWT / Barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus) faecal pellets were collected from several sites in the NWT and analysed for evidence of exposure to major dust and soil sources using two methods. The collection sites included two areas of tailings at the Colomac mine (abandoned), with on-site and off-site control areas and seasonal ranges, and sites at or near the Ekati and Diavik diamond mines. Insoluble ash content of the faecal material averaged 9.3% of the dry matter (D.M.) and varied significantly between sites. A group of samples from the tailings areas at Colomac had elevated ash contents and exceeded 30% of dry matter in five samples. Based on several assumptions, the dietary soil intake necessary to achieve the high ash contents in the faecal samples from Colomac would exceed 50% of the diet in one sample. The average ash content of all the samples collected from the tailings area at Colomac was significantly (p<0.05) higher than the off-site control samples. Ash from the faecal pellets was chemically similar to tailings collected at Colomac. Consistent differences were also observed between the Ekati samples and those from natural range areas, although the variance explained by the associations was relatively low. The results of the study are generally consistent with published reports on high rates of soil ingestion at lick sites by ungulates. This ingestion can result in very high levels of soil in the diet, similar to the maximum levels noted here. The ecological risk assessment for Colomac included an explicit soil ingestion model for caribou which assumed an ingestion rate of 20% of the diet. The data in the present study support the use of this average value but indicate that maximum values may range as high as 50% in some caribou. The study was not designed to describe the amount of the elements absorbed by caribou which have ingested the tailings |
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Analysis of the elemental composition of tissues and faecal ash in moose (Alces alces) exposed to tailings at the abandoned Colomac gold mine, NWT / Summarizes the chemical analysis of the tissues of a moose which jumped a fence bounding the tailings areas of the Colomac mine in July 2004, stayed on the site 2 weeks being exposed to inorganic contaminants, and was shot. Also describes the analysis of gut contents and the ash content of faecal material and compares these to caribou faecal pellets collected in 2003 |
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anatomy of sea turtles |
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Animal info information on endangered mammals / Information on rare, threatened, and endangered mammals. Includes a profile of each mammal, status and trends (including countries where currently found, population estimates, history of distribution, and threats/reasons for decline), data on biology and ecology, and references. Also provides links to animal interest organizations and publications. Users can search an individual species index by common and scientific name, a species group index and a country index. Also includes an index lists the names of individual species in Chinese characters |
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Animal species of concern List of and ranks assigned to Montana animal species of concern |
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Annotated bibliography II of the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) / |
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Annotated bibliography of the bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus, 1767-1983 / |
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Annotated checklist of shallow-water marine fishes from the Puerto Rico plateau, including Puerto Rico, Culebra, Vieques, St. Thomas, St. John, Tortola, Virgin Gorda, and Anegada |
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annotated checklist of the Anopheles of Thailand |
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Annotated list of the seabirds of the world |
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Annual report ... Sammamish River sockeye salmon fry production evaluation - 1997 to 1998 |
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Ants of central interior British Columbia abundance, diversity, and ecological significance |
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AntWeb "AntWeb provides tools for exploring the diversity and identification of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). These tools have been developed to encourage the study of ants, to facilitate the use of ants in inventory and monitoring programs, and to provide ant taxonomists with access to images of type specimens. Currently AntWeb contains information on the ant faunas of several areas in the Nearctic and Malagasy biogeographic regions, and global coverage of all ant genera." |
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Anuran locomotion--structure and function. 2, Jumping performance of semiaquatic, terrestrial, and arboreal frogs / Frogs evolved as jumping machines. The earliest recognized anuran fossil possessed a foreshortened body and elongated hindlimbs, primary adaptations for jumping. The majority of extant frogs retain jumping as their primary mode of locomotion. Eighty species of frogs were tested to determine their absolute and relative (jumping distance divided by snout-vent length) jumping abilities. The species include representatives from the Ascaphidae, Bufonidae, Dendrobatidae, Pelodryadidae, Discoglossidae, Hylidae, Leptodactylidae, Microhylidae, Myobatrachidae, Pelobatidae, and Ranidae. Jumping performance is examined relative to taxonomic and habitat group, fatigue, body size, and sex. The ranking of jumping ability (distance jumped divided by body length) among the sampled species from weakest to strongest is Bufonidae, Pelobatidae, Discoglossidae, Microhylidae, Ranidae, Leptodactylidae, Dendrobatidae, Ascaphidae, Myobatrachidae, Hylidae, and Pelodryadidae for the families of frogs and semifossorial terrestrial, treetop arboreal, semiaquatic-terrestrial, terrestrial, scrub arboreal, and grass arboreal for the habitat groupings. Weak jumping species show little evidence of fatigue, whereas strong jumpers show a progressive decline in performance. Males tend to jump farther than equivalent-sized females, although the opposite or neutral situation occurs in a few species. Both inter- and intraspecifically, large frogs jump farther than small ones; however, a comparison of relative ability shows small frogs to be the strongest jumpers |
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application of molecular genetics to the conservation management of quolls, Dasyurus species (Dasyuridae:Marsupialia) |
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Applying risk allocation theory in a large mammal predator-prey system elk-wolf behavioral interactions / Understanding the behaviorally-mediated indirect effects of predators in ecosystems requires knowledge of predator-prey behavioral interactions, and the risk allocation hypothesis can be used to make predictions about such interactions. In predator-ungulate-plant systems, empirical research quantifying how predators affect ungulate group sizes and distribution, in the context of other influential variables, is particularly needed. We determined non-predation variables that affect elk (Cervus elaphus) group sizes and distribution on a winter range in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), using regression analyses of 1219 elk groups counted and mapped over 12 years prior to wolf (Canis lupus) recolonization. We next examined the relevance of these non-wolf-predation variables in the presence of wolves using logistic and linear regression on surveys of 513 1-km2 areas conducted over 2 years. Using model selection techniques, we evaluated risk allocation and other a priori hypotheses of elk group size and distributional responses to wolf predation risk while accounting for influential nonwolf-predation variables. We found little evidence that wolves affect elk group sizes, which were strongly influenced by habitat type. Following predictions from the risk allocation hypothesis, wolves likely created a more dynamic elk distribution in areas that they frequently hunted, as elk tended to move during the period of safety following wolf encounters in those areas. We predict that this distributional response to wolf predation risk should decrease the spatial heterogeneity of elk impacts on grasslands in areas that wolves frequently hunt. We also predict that this response should decrease browsing pressure on heavily-browsed woody plant stands in certain areas, which is supported by recent research in the GYE. This research highlights the importance of predator-prey behavioral interactions in large mammal systems |
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Aquatic and terrestrial flatworm (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria) and ribbon worm (Nemertea) records from Wisconsin / |
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Aquatic mollusks of North Dakota Distribution maps and photographs of 44 North Dakota aquatic mollusks |
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Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) and other adventive ants in New Zealand This report provides a key allowing identification of ant genera confirmed to be established in New Zealand; information on the identification of Argentine ant in the field and under the microscope, and its current distribution in Northland; and information on other adventive species that are probably present or may impact on native systems in Northland. The key is a guide to identification of about 30 species, from 21 genera and four subfamilies, of which 20 species are considered adventive |
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Artificial cover objects for leiopelmatid frogs / Artificial cover objects (ACOs) for monitoring Leiopelma archeyi and L. hochstetteri frogs were designed and tested in the Waikato region, New Zealand. Occupancy of 119 covers of 7 different designs was recorded between May 1998 and March 2002. From March 2001 the covers were visited monthly. In the course of 1260 cover checks, a total of 26 L. archeyi and 17 L. hochstetteri were found insided the trial ACOs. Most of the designs were used by frogs but to different extents (occupancy ranging from 0% to 21%). Analyses of these results are reported and the suitability of the designs for use in monitoring frog populations is discussed |
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Asia-Pacific migratory waterbird conservation strategy, 2001-2005 |
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Asian rhinos status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Aspects of social organization and diurnal activity patterns of California bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis californiana Douglas 1829) |
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Assessing chick survival of sage-grouse in Canada : final project report for 2000 / |
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Assessing habitat quality for the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker This project had 2 major objectives. The first objective was to assess how well the revised U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Foraging Habitat Guidelines depict good quality habitat for the red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) at Camp Lejeune, NC. To accomplish this, I used multiple linear and logistic regression to examine the relationships between fitness, habitat use, home range size, and habitat characteristics described in the guidelines. I assumed that habitat characteristics that confer quality were related to higher fitness, greater habitat use, and reduced home range size. To a large extent, the guidelines are validated. Red-cockaded woodpeckers responded favorably to habitat that mimics the historical, mature, and fire-maintained pine forests of the southeastern U.S., characterized by high densities of large pines, low densities of small and medium pines, and a lush herbaceous groundcover. Variables positively associated with habitat use and fitness were associated with reduced home range size, and those negatively associated with habitat use and fitness with increased home range size. Percent herbaceous groundcover was a significant regressor indicative of quality in every model. The second objective was to assess how well USFWS foraging partitions represent habitat used by red-cockaded woodpeckers. I conducted home range follows of 23 groups of red-cockaded woodpeckers and estimated the percentage of each home range encompassed by partitions of varying radii. The percentage of the actual home range included in the partition increased as a function of partition radius. The standard 800 m circular partition, on average, included 91% of the home range, but significant variation existed between groups |
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Assessing seasonal differences in Hooker's sea lion locations / |
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Assessing site occupancy modelling as a tool for monitoring Mahoenui giant weta populations / |
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Assessment of factors limiting salmon production in Devil's Hole Creek final report / |
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Assessment of fisher habitat in Washington State tier 1 refinement and tier 2 final report / |
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Assessment of gonad staging systems and other methods used in the study of the reproductive biology of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson, in Western Australia / |
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Assessment of inactive mines as bat habitat in northern Idaho : summary of BLM research 1994-99 / |
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Assessment of methods to monitor Otago skink and grand skink populations, New Zealand / |
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Assessment of potential bias in hydroacoustic estimation of Fraser River sockeye and pink salmon at Mission, B.C. / |
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Assessment of potential Chatham Island snipe habitat on Pitt Island / After its 2006 meeting, the Chatham Island Snipe Recovery Group recommended that a habitat assessment of the predator-fenced portion of Ellen Elizabeth Preece Conservation Covenant (EEPCC) on Pitt Island be undertaken to determine its suitability for Chatham Island snipe (Coenocorypha pusilla). Fieldwork was carried out on 19-26 February 2007, both in EEPCC and in Woolshed Bush, Rangatira (South East Island), where snipe are abundant. Soil samples were collected from six matched microhabitats in EEPCC and in Woolshed Bush: beside rotting wood, beside petrel burrows, and beneath sedges, grass, herb mats, and ferns. Invertebrates were hand-sorted from the soil samples and identified to species where possible, and the biomass of soil-dwelling invertebrates (wet weight) was measured for each sample. Total numbers of invertebrates were very similar for the two islands: 2465 for Pitt Island and 2284 for Rangatira. There was also no significant difference between the islands in overall biomass (14.8 g for Pitt Island and 9.7 g for Rangatira) or biomass in any of the six microhabitats, although one microhabitat (soil beside petrel burrows) did have a higher mean number of individuals on Pitt Island than on Rangatira (n = 121 v. 26, respectively), due entirely to large numbers of tiny enchytraeid worms. It was found that there was abundant cover for snipe to nest, roost, and forage in EEPCC. We conclude that EEPCC should provide excellent habitat for Chatham Island snipe. There are no threatened invertebrate species known to be present in EEPCC that would be at risk following snipe introduction |
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assessment of potential habitat for eastern timber wolves in the northeastern United States and connectivity with occupied habitat in southeastern Canada : a summary report and position paper / |
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Assessment of reproductive isolation between Yellowstone cutthroat trout and rainbow trout in the Yellowstone River, Montana |
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Assessment of site-occupancy modeling as a technique to monitor Hochstetter's frog (Leiopelma hochstetteri) populations / |
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Assessment of the impact of 1080 on the native frogs Leiopelma archeyi and L. hochstetteri / |
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assessment of the Kemp's Ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtle populations in the western North Atlantic |
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assessment of the warmwater fish community in Black Lake, October 1999 / |
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assessment of the warmwater fish community in Kapowsin Lake (Pierce County), September 1999 / |
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assessment of the warmwater fish community in Lake St. Clair (Thurston County), June 2000 / |
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assessment of the warmwater fish community in Leland Lake, September 1999 / |
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assessment of the warmwater fish community in Rowland Lake, September 1999 / |
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Assessment update for the Kemp's ridley and loggerhead sea turtle populations in the western North Atlantic a report of the Turtle Expert Working Group |
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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolt production estimates and biological characteristics from tributaries and the Restigouche River, 2002 and 2003 This document presents the results of Atlantic salmon smolt monitoring programs in the Kedgwick River, Little Main Restigouche River, and in the main stem of the Restigouche River in 2002 & 2003. The objective of these studies was to estimate the annual smolt production from the tributaries and for the entire Restigouche River. The use of rotary screw traps and sampling protocols in the monitoring process is described and results are provided with regard to catches & characteristics of Atlantic salmon & other species, salmon run timing, and estimates of the total smolt run based on tagging & release studies. Comparisons are also made among tributaries & rivers |
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atlas of anatomy for the American lobster, Homarus americanus "This atlas is intended for use during histological examination of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. It contains pictures of H & E paraffin sections of healthy tissue. It is not a complete atlas, and the user is referred to other more complete texts (i.e., Bell & Lightner, 1988; Factor, 1995; Johnson, 1980). This atlas, therefore, contains those tissues which are readily observed or most commonly affected by disease. Several of the tissues can be used for comparison with other lobster species, and other crustaceans"--Slide 3 |
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atlas of book lung fine structure in the order Scorpiones (Arachnida) / The fine structure of the book lungs of scorpions is diverse and phylogenetically informative, but has not been comprehensively investigated across the major lineages of the order. In this contribution, we present a fully illustrated atlas of the variation in book lung fine structure among 200 exemplars from 100 genera and 18 families of extant scorpions. We document variation in the surface sculpturing of the respiratory lamellae, the edges of the lamellae in the atrial chamber, and the posterior valvelike edges of the spiracles. These data provide insights into the phylogenetic relationships among Recent scorpions at several branches of the tree |
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Atlas of colonial waterbirds of North Carolina estuaries |
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Atlas of New Zealand freshwater fishes |
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Australian faunal directory "The Australian Faunal Directory (AFD) is being compiled as a public enquiry database and will serve as a source of taxonomic and biological information on all animal species known to occur in Australia. It incorporates the data from the terminated Zoological Catalogue of Australia database project ... Central to the Australian Faunal Directory is a checklist which aims to list to family all animal groups known to occur in Australia and its dependant territories. Linked to this checklist at various taxonomic levels are databases ranging from simple checklists of names through to comprehensive catalogue style reports. Links to other sources of information, such as the Fauna of Australia, identification keys, endangered species, are under development." |
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Australian longfinned eel, Anguilla reinhardtii, in New Zealand / |
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Australian mammal species files |
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Australian Museum fish site The Australian Museum, based in Sydney, N.S.W., highlights the fish collection and the Fish Department of the museum. The site includes a FAQ section, fact sheets on specific fish, a pictorial key to the identification of fishes, fish movies, a section for students on fish, and links to other resources on the Internet |
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Australian national guidelines for whale and dolphin watching 2005 |
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Autopsy of cetaceans incidentally caught in commercial fisheries, and all beachcast specimens of Hector's dolphins, 2001/02 / |
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Autopsy of cetaceans incidentally caught in fishing operations, 1997/98, 1999/2000, and 2000/01 / |
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Autopsy of cetaceans including those incidentally caught in commercial fisheries, 2002/03 / |
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Autopsy of pinnipeds incidentally caught in commercial fisheries, 2001/02 / |
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Autopsy of pinnipeds incidentally caught in commercial fisheries, 2002/03 and 2003/04 / All animals were retrieved from trawl nets and had lesions consistent with death from asphyxiation. Severe lesions sustained by 23 sea lions would probably have compromised survival had they not drowned in the nets. The other sea lions had moderate or mild trauma that probably would not have compromised survival had they escaped the net. All the fur seals and the southern elephant seal sustained severe trauma and/or had aspirated regurgitate |
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Autopsy of pinnipeds incidentally caught in fishing operations 1997/98, 1999/2000, and 2000/01 / |
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Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 1998 to 30 September 1999 : birds returned by Ministry of Fisheries observers to the Department of Conservation / |
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Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 1999 to 30 September 2000 : birds returned by Ministry of Fisheries observers to the Department of Conservation / |
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Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 2000 to 30 September 2001 : birds returned by Ministry of Fisheries observers to the Department of Conservation / |
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Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 2001 to 30 September 2002 : birds returned by Ministry of Fisheries observers to the Department of Conservation / - Main text Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 2001 to 30 September 2002 : birds returned by Ministry of Fisheries observers to the Department of Conservation / - Appendix Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 2001 to 30 September 2002 : birds returned by Ministry of Fisheries observers to the Department of Conservation / - Data supplement |
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Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from observed New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006 / Large numbers of seabirds frequent New Zealand commercial fishing waters. The accurate determination of the taxa of seabirds captured in New Zealand fisheries is vital for examining the potential threat to population viability posed by incidental fisheries captures. Further, the assessment of the age-class, sex, and provenance of captured individuals requires autopsy in the majority of cases. Between 1 October 2005 and 30 September 2006 (the 2005/06 fishing year), a total of 369 seabirds comprising 20 taxa were incidentally killed as bycatch and returned for autopsy by on-board New Zealand government fisheries observers. Birds were returned from longline, trawl, and setnet vessels. Seabirds returned during the 2005/06 fishing year were dominated numerically by three species: sooty shearwater Puffinus griseus, white-capped albatross Thalassarche steadi, and white-chinned petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis. Birds returned from longline fisheries had injuries consistent with being hooked or entangled in the bill or throat. Birds returned from trawl fisheries were mostly killed through entanglement in the net, with fewer individuals likely killed from a warp interaction. Mean fat scores were generally higher in birds from the 2005/06 fishing year than in previous years. Seabirds returned from the 2005/06 fishing year, and from trawl fisheries in particular, showed clear size-related differences in the likely cause of death, and offal appears to continue to be an attractant for many taxa. Examining the causes of mortality and types of injuries suffered by individual seabirds returned from fisheries is necessary to help reduce future seabird captures in New Zealand fisheries by identifying areas of risk |
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Autopsy report for seabirds killed and returned from observed New Zealand fisheries, 1 October 2006 to 30 September 2007 / Large numbers of seabirds frequent New Zealand commercial fishing waters. The accurate determination of the taxa of seabirds captured in New Zealand fisheries is vital for examining the potential threat to population viability posed by incidental fisheries captures. Further, the assessment of the age-class, sex and provenance of captured individuals requires autopsy in the majority of cases. Between 1 October 2006 and 30 September 2007 (the 2006/07 fishing year), a total of 324 seabirds comprising 22 taxa were incidentally killed as bycatch and returned for autopsy by on-board New Zealand government fisheries observers. Birds were returned from longline, trawl and setnet vessels. Seabirds returned during the 2006/07 fishing year were dominated numerically by two species (sooty shearwater Puffinus griseus and white-capped albatross Thalassarche steadi). Most birds (76%) returned from longline fisheries had injuries consistent with being hooked or entangled in the bill or throat, while most birds (70%) returned from trawl fisheries were killed through entanglement in the net. Warp interaction was the likely cause of death in 29% of trawl specimens. Mean fat scores were generally higher in birds from the 2006/07 fishing year than in most previous years, although mean fat scores were lower in 2006/07 than in 2005/06. Seabirds returned from the 2006/07 fishing year, and from trawl fisheries in particular, showed clear size-related differences in the likely cause of death, and offal appears to continue to be an attractant for many taxa |
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Avian diversity at El Imposible National Park and San Marcelino Wildlife Refuge, El Salvador = Diversidad de avifauna en el Parque Nacional El Imposible y el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Complejo San Marcelino, El Salvador / |
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Avian use of forest habitats in the Pembina Hills of northeastern North Dakota / |
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Avian use of Sheyenne Lake and associated habitats in central North Dakota / |
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Avibase the world bird database "Avibase is an extensive database information system about all birds of the world, containing over 2 million records about 10,000 species and 22,000 subspecies of birds, including distribution information, taxonomy, synonyms in several languages and more." |
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Avibase. Bird checklists of the world Provides lists of the birds of nearly 500 places around the world, including continents, regions, countries, states and provinces, islands, etc. The lists can be viewed according to the taxonomic order and nomenclature of a variety of different authorities |
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Backcountry recreation and mountain goats : a proposed research and adaptive management plan / |
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Baffin Bay narwhal This report presents a review of the stocks of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) in the Baffin Bay area of the Northwest Territories. It begins with an overview of the historical catch in the Inuit narwhal hunt, then provides information about narwhal stocks & their delineation, stock size estimates, and narwhal population trends. The sustainable hunting rate is discussed with reference to reproductive studies and assumptions regarding the hunting rate. The final sections briefly discuss factors impacting on narwhal populations, overall stock status, and management considerations |
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Barren-ground caribou distribution in late winter 2004, central NWT / The area from Great Slave Lake to the Mackenzie delta and east to the Coronation Gulf area of Nunavut is the wintering range for several barren-ground caribou herds including the Cape Bathurst, Bluenose-West, Bluenose-East and Bathurst herds. Between February and April 2004 we surveyed this area in order to map the distribution of wintering caribou, as some communities had reported the absence of caribou from some of their typical wintering areas. We used fixed winged aircraft flown along predetermined transect lines to map the caribou distribution in survey areas. We found that caribou were widely distributed across the western NWT in late winter 2004 and that the highest concentration of caribou was found southwest of Great Bear Lake. Lower numbers of caribou were on the Arctic coast northeast of Tuktoyaktuk and a band of caribou was spotted extending southeast from Inuvik to northeast of Colville Lake. There were also caribou along the east side of Great Bear Lake to east of the Coppermine River. The Bluenose-West herd normally winters from the southern Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula and Husky Lakes area to Paulatuk and south to Great Bear Lake. However, in winter 2003-2004, most caribou appeared to winter in the area of Great Bear Lake, possibly in response to freezing rain along the coast and deeper snow than usual in the Inuvik Region. As expected, there was also some overlap found between the herds in the use of winter ranges |
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Baseline data for evaluating reef fish populations in the Florida Keys, 1979-1998 |
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Baseline density estimates from sea cucumber (Parastichopus californicus) surveys conducted in British Columbia, Canada This report describes & presents results of dive surveys conducted 1999-2001 in several different geographical areas & habitat types selected to span the distribution of sea cucumber on the British Columbia coast. Results are presented & discussed regarding the geographic distribution of sea cucumbers, their estimated density, mean weight, and recommended fishery quotas |
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Bat-compatible closures of abandoned underground mines in the National Park System |
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Bear management at Brooks River, Katmai National Park, 2002 / |
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Bears : status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Bears in Alberta : their characteristics, history, behaviour, and management / |
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Behavioral ecology of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in forest and marine ecosystems of Oregon |
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Behavioral neurobiology of birdsong / - UW restricted |
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Behaviour and ecology of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and the impact of tourism in Mercury Bay, North Island, New Zealand / |
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behaviour of fishes the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Symposium, held in Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. 14-17 July 1986 / - UW restricted |
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Behavioural ecology of the red-capped robin |
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Behavioural vulnerability of juvenile brown kiwi : habitat use and overlap with predators / |
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Between-year movements and nest burrow use by burrowing owls in southwestern Idaho 1996 annual report / |
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bibliographic database on stoats and weasels / This paper describes an international bibliographic database of 1213 papers, notes, books and unpublished reports dating between 1877 and 2004. It includes all available information on stoats and weasels (Mustela erminea, M. nivalis and M. frenata) ranging from casual observations to high-powered analyses. The database is listed in a searchable, interactive form on a website, www.feral.org.au, and as a simple reference list at bio.waikato.ac.nz/staff/bibliography.pdf. The listing will be regularly updated, but this introductory analysis reveals some interesting general trends so far. (1) Most of the world literature on small mustelids (53% of 1213 entries) describes work done outside New Zealand before 1990. This international literature offers a very large resource to mustelid biologists in New Zealand, which we should not ignore and cannot afford to repeat, although it should be treated with caution. The database is intended to provide easy access to this important background information. (2) New Zealand is now the world centre for research on mustelids, especially stoats: more papers on stoats have been published here--mostly (243 of 321) since 1990--than in the whole of Europe over a much longer period. (3) The database illustrates some major differences in the type of papers published about small mustelids in different parts of the world, and historical trends in publication rates by geographic region (steady in Europe; declining in America and Russia; accelerating in New Zealand). It also provides a useful framework within which to examine some historical trends in conservation priorities within New Zealand |
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Bibliography on Arthropoda and air pollution / |
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big fish bang : proceedings of the 26th annual Larval Fish Conference / |
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Billfishes of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes, and swordfishes known to date / |
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Biochemical genetics and taxonomy of fish : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Symposium : held at The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, 22-26 July 1991 / - UW restricted |
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Biodiversity conservation conservation of migratory and transboundary species : working draft : species of common conservation concern in North America Contains species profiles of fifteen threatened or endangered animals: ferruginous hawk, whooping crane, peregrine falcon, piping plover, mountain plover, California condor, spotted owl, loggerhead shrike, burrowing owl, golden-cheeked warbler, black bear, gray wolf, black-tailed prairie dog, Sonoran pronghorn, and Leptonycteris bats. These profiles will be used as a basis to identify opportunities to enhance collaboration among agencies in Canada, Mexico, and the United States that are responsible for wildlife management |
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Biogeography of heteromyid rodents on the central Great Plains |
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Biological characteristics and population status of anadromous salmon in southeast Alaska / |
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Biological synopsis of the black bream, Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro) (Teleostei:Sparidae) in Western Australia with reference to information from other southern states / |
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biology and conservation of rare fish : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Symposium held at Lancaster University, U.K., 16-20 July 1990 / - UW restricted |
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Biology and conservation of the Cape (South African) fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus (Pinnipedia:Otariidae) from the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa |
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Biology and outbreaks of Microdiprion pallipes (Hymenoptera;Diprionidae) in Sweden / Elsewhere in Sweden, where low population densities prevail, there may be similarities in population processes between M. pallipes and the other widely distributed diprionids with solitary larvae, which never have attained outbreak densities in Sweden. Interactions with other diprionids through shared natural enemies may be an important population process and may influence the distribution of outbreaks |
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Biology and phylogeny of the Cassidinae Gyllenhal sensu lato (tortoise and leaf-mining beetles) (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) / The biological account and these phylogenetic results provide an opportunity for identifying some general trends and major innovations in the evolutionary history of Cassidinae. The alteration of the adult head from prognathy to hypognathy and the compaction of the body, legs, and various elytral-locking mechanisms are recurrent themes in adult morphology. Maternal care may have arisen once or twice. Seven trophic guilds are defined here for cassidine larvae. They arise from two large radiations of leaf-mining and exophagous-feeding, a minor radiation in cryptic rolled-leaf feeding, and small generic and sub-generic specializations in stem mining, leaf scraping, petalophagy, and leaf-shelter chewers. Fecal shield construction and retention appear to be correlated with innovations in life history and in larval and pupal morphology, and they may have played an important role in cassidine diversification |
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biology and population status of marine turtles in the North Pacific Ocean |
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biology of arboreal rodents in Douglas-fir forests / |
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Biology of polar fish : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Jesus College, Cambridge, U.K., 24-28 July 2000 / - UW restricted |
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Biology of sharks and rays Provides extensive information about shark and ray biology, research, and conservation, and about the ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research, located in Vancouver, B.C |
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Biology of the white shark a symposium / |
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biosystematic database of world Diptera A source of Diptera names and information about those names and the taxa to which they apply. The BDWD is a set of tools to aid users in finding information about flies |
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Bird checklists of the United States Bird checklists from various sources that indicate the seasonal occurrence of birds in state, federal, and private management areas, nature preserves, and other areas of special interest in the United States |
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Bird communities and vegetation on Swedish wet meadows : importance of management regimes and landscape composition / |
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Bird counts of burned versus unburned big sagebrush sites / |
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Bird families of the world the Sibley and Monroe classification |
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Bird hormones and bird migrations : analyzing hormones in droppings and egg-yolks and assessing adaptations in the long-distance migration / |
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Bird populations on the shoreline of Buffalo Lake identification of priority areas for conservation / |
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Bird species of special concern in California an annotated list of declining or vulnerable bird species / |
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Birds and burns of the interior West : descriptions, habitats, and management in western forests / Cavity-nesting birds responded more favorably than open-cup nesting species. Trees weakened by fire attract bark and wood-boring beetles--an important food source for woodpeckers--and are also more easily excavated for nesting than green trees. Retention of large-diameter trees and snags allows for population persistence of cavity-nesting birds. Overall, a greater percentage of birds, both migrants and residents, showed a response to prescribed burns during the year of the treatment than in the year after. Fewer species responded 1 year after treatments, which suggests that the influence of prescribed fire on these birds may be short term. Responses to prescribed fire were variable for migratory birds, whereas residents generally had positive or neutral responses. We found that prescribed burn treatments not only destroy snags, but also recruit snags of all sizes. Managers are faced with a variety of options for fuels and fire management. Our results indicate that both prescribed burning and fire suppression influence habitats and populations of wildlife |
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Birds and butterflies in Swedish urban and peri-urban habitats : a landscape perspective / Urbanization is considered to be one of the largest threats to biodiversity although little is known about the effect of habitat fragmentation on native flora and fauna in urban areas in general, and in Sweden specifically. In this thesis, data have been collected using remote sensing analyses of 100 cities, bird surveys in 34 cities, and experiments have been used to answer specific questions regarding dispersal and reproduction in different urban habitats. The dual processes of infill development and expansion of cities threaten remaining unprotected urban woodlands. Results showed that between 1 and 40% (average of 20%) of the proportion of the city area were comprised of urban woodland. Urban and peri-urban (surrounding) woodlands covered an area larger than the total area of protected forests in Sweden and had higher amounts of dead wood than typical non-protected forests. In contrast to previous studies, this thesis showed that many bird species breeding in urban woodlands were strongly affected by the surrounding city or landscape composition. On a smaller spatial scale (200 m), adjacent habitats affected population density and nestling quality of great tits Parus major breeding within urban woodlands. Movement corridors were only used by butterfly habitat specialists, and grassland corridors of intermediate quality seemed to be most efficient to promote dispersal among habitat fragments. In this thesis, I show that Sweden have relatively high proportion urban woodlands; urbanisation does not necessarily lead to a homogenization of the bird fauna; urban habitats need to be well described in detail to allow comparisons among studies; bird faunas of local urban woodlands differ among regions and are strongly affected by composition of habitats both at city and landscape levels; movement corridors may be an efficient conservation tool if specifically managed to fit the autecologies of the species of conservation concern |
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Birds and mammals observed by Lewis & Clark in North Dakota |
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Birds and mammals of Manitou Experimental Forest, Colorado / |
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Birds and mammals of Mount McKinley National Park, Alaska / |
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Birds as indicators of riparian vegetation condition in the western U.S |
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Birds in the European Union a status assessment / |
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birds of British Columbia : a taxonomic catalogue / |
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birds of North America online - UW restricted This database provides scientific information for each of the 716 species of birds nesting in the USA and Canada, with image and video galleries showing behaviors, habitat, nests, eggs and nestlings, recordings of bird's songs and calls selected from the collection in Cornell's Macaulay Library of Natural Sounds |
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Birds of the St. Croix River Valley, Minnesota and Wisconsin / |
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BirdWeb Seattle Audubon's online guide to the birds of Washington State |
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Bison control program annual report of survey activities - (Northwest Territories. Environment and Natural Resources) 1996/1997 to 1998/1999 |
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Black stilt recovery plan (Himantopus novaezealandiae) / - Pages 15-55 Black stilt recovery plan (Himantopus novaezealandiae) / - Pages 1-14 |
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Boreal caribou habitat and land use planning in the Deh Cho region, Northwest Territories / Boreal caribou Rangifer tarandus are nationally listed as Threatened. Land use jurisdictions, including communities and land claim organizations, will have to identify, steward and monitor boreal caribou habitat both for land use planning in the Deh Cho Region (southern Northwest Territories (NWT)) and for recovery planning in the NWT. Mapping current distribution (occupation) and potential habitat use (occurrence) for boreal caribou is a first step for both land use planning and recovery planning. We modeled occurrence at the landscape scale using generalized additive model analysis and Akaike Information Criterion with habitat information from spectral classification and habitat attributes such as cutlines, fire -history and elevation. The Deh Cho First Nations database of lifetime harvest kill sites and sightings from an aerial survey in March 2002 revealed that boreal caribou occupation has not changed at the regional level. Observations of boreal caribou fit relatively well with occurrence predicted from the modeling. Boreal caribou were strongly associated with black spruce and lichen on uplands and in lowlands |
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Breeding biology of Gould's petrels Pterodroma leucoptera predicting breeding outcomes from a physiological and morphological appraisal of adults / |
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Breeding biology of Swainson's warblers in a managed South Carolina bottomland forest |
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Breeding bird communities in aspen forests of the sub-boreal spruce (dk subzone) in the Prince Rupert Forest Region / |
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Breeding birds of North Dakota |
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Breeding birds of the Platte River Valley of Nebraska |
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Breeding distribution and population trends of the great blue heron in Quebec, 1977-2001 / |
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Breeding ecology of the horned grebe, Podiceps auritus, in subarctic wetlands / |
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British Columbia longspine thornyhead fishery analysis of survey and commercial data, 1996-2003 This report presents an analysis of the biomass survey conducted annually 2001-03 on the deep water population of longspine thornyheads off the west coast of Vancouver Island (WCVI). It examines the survey data in the context of a coastwide longspine fishery that began in 1996 and extended northward from WCVI into two northern regions, Tidemarks and Rennell. Because the survey has limited coverage in space and time, that analysis is compared with similar analyses of commercial catch per unit effort data in WCVI & the two northern regions, where no surveys exist. It presents an integrated framework of three mathematical models for making these comparisons: swept-area biomass estimates, standardized catch rates with fixed effects for various factors, and swept-area biomass estimates with standardized vessel effects. The paper concludes with recommendations for planning future surveys, integrating data from surveys & commercial fisheries, planning future reductions in the commercial fishery, and improving the basic biological information available for this species |
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Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera cf. brydei Olsen 1913) in the Hauraki Gulf and northeastern New Zealand waters / |
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Bryozoa - (International Bryozoology Association) 1996 to present |
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Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Alberta literature review and data compilation / |
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Burrowing crayfish group recovery plan, 2001-2005 / |
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Burrowing owl population trends on the Kininvie Blocks from 1993-2007, and ancillary data for additional species at risk in 2007 |
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Burrowing owl trend block survey and monitoring, Brooks and Hanna areas |
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Butterflies and moths of North America occurrence maps, species accounts, checklists, and photographs |
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Butterflies and moths of Pacific Northwest forests and woodlands : rare, endangered, and management-sensitive species / |
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Butterflies and moths of the world generic names and their type-species / "The aim of this project has been to compile a comprehensive interactive catalogue of all the published genus-group names of Lepidoptera from Linnaeus, 1758, up to the present, and to provide full-colour images of representatives of most included families"--Aim and scope page |
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Calf survi[v]al and adult sex ratio in the Bathurst herd of barren-ground caribou, 2001-2004 / |
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California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) : recovery plan / |
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California salmonid stream habitat restoration manual |
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California spotted owl a technical assessment of its current status / |
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California's endangered insects |
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Campbell Island teal re-introduction plan / |
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Can echolocation devices be used to define harbour use by Maui's dolphins? / |
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Can urban greenways provide high quality avian habitat? |
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Canada goose populations and harvest in St. Croix County, Wisconsin / |
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Canadian bird trends Provides information on Canadian bird species, including population trends and taxonomy, with links to range maps and life history information, and national conservation designations. Population trends are derived from Breeding bird survey in Canada (BBS) data and are updated on an annual basis. For species or bird conservation regions for which BBS data are insufficient for statistical analysis, no trends are presented |
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Canadian landbird conservation strategy monitoring needs and priorities into the new millenium / |
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Canadian sage grouse recovery strategy |
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Canadian Shorebird Conservation Plan |
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Canids : foxes, wolves, jackals, and dogs : status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Captive management of the Hook Lake Wood Bison Recovery Project - pt. 1 |
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Captive management plan, Antipodes Island parakeet (Cyanoramphus unicolor) / |
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Captive rearing and biology of the endangered giant land snails Placostylus ambagiosus and P. hongii (Pulmonata:Bulimulidae) / Rearing of the land snails Placostylus ambagiosus paraspiritus, P. a. michiei, and P. hongii in captivity was investigated as a conservation management option for establishing new populations of these threatened animals. Snails were kept in the laboratory with mostly karaka, Corynocarpus laevigatus, leaves as food. Snails were exposed to differing frequencies of handling, crowding conditions, and given different substrates in which to lay eggs. Less frequent disturbance resulted in better survival in P. ambagiosus. Both P. ambagiosus and P. hongii laid clutches of 1-84 similarly sized eggs buried up to 2 cm deep, but the species appeared to have different substrate size preferences. Placostylus ambagiosus kept singly or in pairs grew larger than those in the wild. Crowding reduced growth rate, increased mortality, and resulted in smaller adults. Captive-bred adult P. ambagiosus lived for 3.3-11.4 y: one adult P. hongii lived for 2.6 y and another lived for 4.6 y before being translocated onto an island. Both Placostylus ambagiosus and P. hongii can be successfully reared in captivity, in the laboratory, and large numbers of snails can potentially be produced, albeit with substantial costs. Although potentially risky for augmenting existing populations, these protocols may enable the establishment of new populations of these snails |
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Captive-rearing of the Middle Island tusked weta / |
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Caribou forever--our heritage, our responsibility a barren-ground caribou management strategy for the Northwest Territories, 2006-2010 |
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Caribou migration and the state of their habitat final report / |
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Caribou range recovery in Alberta 2001/02 pilot year / Reports on the Caribou Range Recovery project, which aims to speed the "recovery" of human disturbances, so that their negative effects on woodland caribou, and other sensitive species, are lessened and eventually eliminated |
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Carnivores and corridors in the Crowsnest Pass |
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Carpenter ants / |
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case history of wolf-human encounters in Alaska and Canada |
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Catalog of data files for caribou collections (morphologic measurements, parasitology, contaminants) / In the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, caribou have been collected and sampled for a number of different programs since the 1960s. Much of the original field data has been used to build databases, however as these databases were revised and changed mistakes have developed. To provide accountability and accurate documentation for the data and to encourage their use in meta-analyses such as the Canadian Wildlife Service's circumpolar assessment of caribou condition, we verified file names, field names and sample numbers relative to the original field sheets for collections that originated out of RWED Yellowknife programs 1980-2002 |
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Catalog of fishes / |
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Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian regions / |
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Catalogue of recent and fossil Conus, 1758-2002 "This searchable catalogue lists all available species-group names in the gastropod genus Conus published starting with the 10th edition of the Systema Naturae (Linnaeus, 1758), through December, 2002, that have come to our attention." |
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Catalogue of Salticidae (Araneae) synthesis of quotations in the world literature since 1940, with basic taxonomic data since 1758 / |
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Catalogue of the craneflies of the world (Insecta, Diptera, Nematocera, Tipuloidea) Covers all 17,311 genus-group and species-group taxa of the families Pediciidae, Limoniidae, Cylindrotomidae, and Tipulidae (Insecta, Diptera, Tipuloidea). Apart from the standard taxonomic information (family, subfamily, genus, subgenus, species, subspecies, author, year, publication, synonyms, original genus, original spelling), the catalogue includes up to date information on the distribution of the species by countries and, for the larger countries (e.g., USA, China), provinces, states, or islands. For almost all information that differs from what is found in the regional printed catalogues the reference is given. The CCW furthermore includes reference to all relevant information and figures published by C.P. Alexander and others |
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Catalogue of Tunicata in Australian waters |
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Caterpillars of Pacific Northwest forests and woodlands / |
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Caterpillars on the foliage of conifers in the northeastern United States / |
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Causes of low reproductive success of translocated takahe (Porphyrio mantelli) on predator-free islands / Reviews the possible causes of low reproductive success of translocated takahe breeding on predator-free islands. Recommendations are made for future management |
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Cave invertebrate collecting guide / |
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Caviar and conservation status, management, and trade of North American sturgeon and paddlefish / |
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Cavity-nesting birds of North American forests / |
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Cellular immune responses of marsupials family Macropodidae / |
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Census of swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Canada and northern Montana, 2000-2001 |
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Centipedes of Australia Simple dichotomous identification key for the centipedes of Australia |
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Cephalopods from the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary interval on the Atlantic Coastal Plain, with a description of the highest ammonite zones in North America - pt.1 Cephalopods from the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary interval on the Atlantic Coastal Plain, with a description of the highest ammonite zones in North America - pt.2 Cephalopods from the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary interval on the Atlantic Coastal Plain, with a description of the highest ammonite zones in North America - pt.3 |
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Cephalopods of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date / - v.1 Cephalopods of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date / - v.2 |
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Cephalopods of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries / |
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CephBase CephBase is a dynamic HTML relational database-driven interactive Web page. The purpose of CephBase is to provide life history, distribution, catch, and taxonomic data on all living species of cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish, and nautilus) |
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Cetacean research in New Zealand - (New Zealand. Dept of Conservation) 1997/2000 to present |
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Cetacean research in New Zealand - (New Zealand. Dept of Conservation) 1997/2000 to present |
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Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas state of knowledge and conservation strategies / |
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Cetaceans of Venezuela : their distribution and conservation status / |
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Characteristics of Mapara insect communities as depicted by Malaise trapped beetles : changes with time and animal control / Insect communities in Mapara Wildlife Management Reserve and adjacent grazed forest were sampled in 1989, 1990, and 1997. The study provides evidence that insect biodiversity is associated with resource availability and habitat processes and that the most useful interpretation is based on component species identity rather than just on numerical models |
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Chatham Island oystercatcher (Haematopus chathamensis) management techniques : guidelines for protecting nests and increasing their productivity / The Chatham Island oystercatcher (Haematopus chathamensis; torea) is an endangered species ranked by the New Zealand Department of Conservation as "Nationally Critical," making it a very high priority for conservation management. The goal of the species' recovery plan is to improve productivity and adult survivorship, and to increase the total population to > 250 individuals, thus reducing its chance of extinction and its threat ranking. This report outlines the management techniques used in 1998-2004 to boost oystercatcher productivity. From 1998 to 2004, 16 km of shoreline in northern Chatham Island (Wharekauri and Maunganui) was managed using a combination of three general techniques: predator control, stock exclusion, and movement or raising of nests away from high tide. This three-pronged attack was considered the "best practice" set of actions that would boost oystercatcher productivity and was a major success. Whereas productivity is usually low on average (0.35 chicks per pair), intensive management resulted in much higher breeding success (1.04 chicks per pair; range = 0.5-1.6). Birds that were reared in managed areas bred at 2-5 years of age, subdivided previously large territories and spread along previously unoccupied shoreline, particularly in northern Chatham Island. Survival of adults (98%) and juveniles (89%) was also higher in the managed zones. In 7 years, the total population increased from 144 to 316 birds, and the number of breeding pairs increased from 49 to 89 as a result of young birds recruiting into the population. The techniques outlined in this report should be of use to future managers of this endangered population of birds |
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Chatham Island oystercatcher--report of 1999/2000 field season |
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Chatham Island snipe research and management trials, Rangatira/South East Island, April-May 2001 |
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Check-list of North American birds The Check-list of North American birds is the official source on the taxonomy of birds found in North and Middle America, including adjacent islands. This list is produced by the North American Classification Committee (NACC), an official committee of the American Ornithologists' Union. The most recent complete printed version and its supplements are available to download in PDF format. The searchable and browseable online version incorporates all supplements to the most recent complete printed edition. Both English and French common names are available. Also provides links from some species to their accounts in The birds of North America online |
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Check-list of Washington birds |
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Checklist and bibliography of the Amphisbaenia of the world / |
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Checklist of amphibian species and identification guide an online guide for the identification of amphibians in North America north of Mexico |
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Checklist of Kansas ground spiders / |
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Checklist of Kansas jumping spiders / |
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Checklist of Kansas orbweaving spiders / |
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Checklist of living sharks |
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Checklist of the amphibians of the southeastern United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands "Checklist of the amphibians of the region served by the Florida Integrated Science Center (FISC)." |
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Checklist to the mammals of Alaska "This list includes indigenous, feral, and introduced species based upon refereed literature or specimens at the University of Alaska Museum. Since our 1989 list, biologists have documented two new species in Alaska, the tiny shrew and the mountain lion. Other changes since 1989 reflect the uncertain taxonomic status of several northern species." Includes maps and images of some specimens, and links to other resources |
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Chemical residues in waterfowl and gamebirds harvested in Canada, 1987-95 This report reviews data on chemical residues in Canadian waterfowl and game birds collected from across the country in order to: obtain recent data on contaminants so that Health Canada could assess the human health risk from eating game birds; and to identify any potential avian health concerns related to the contaminant residue levels. Over 800 pools of waterfowl, game bird, and sea bird muscle, egg, and liver tissues were analyzed for chlorobenzenes, chlordanes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethanes, mirex, dieldrin, octachlorostyrene, polychlorinated biphenyls, arsenic, selenium, mercury, lead, and cadmium. Selected subsets of samples were also analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, toxaphene, or caesium-137 activity |
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Chevron skink recovery plan (Leiolopisma homalonotum) / |
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Chignik salmon studies : investigations of salmon populations, hydrology, and limnology of the Chignik Lakes, Alaska : final report Anadromous Fish Project / |
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Chilkat River chinook salmon studies, 1992 / |
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Chipmunks (Tamias) of the Kootenay region, British Columbia distribution, identification, taxonomy, conservation status / |
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cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, Africa Contains checklists and pictures of cichlids and other fishes of Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa), a "Bibliography of Lake Malawi biology (with emphasis on fish systematics, ecology, and evolution)," remote-sensing images of Lake Malawi, links to other cichlid resources, and links to resources on the Lake Malawi region |
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CITES identification guide. Birds Guide d'identification CITES. Oiseaux = Guia de identificacion de CITES. Aves |
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CITES identification guide. Butterflies guide to the identification of butterfly species controlled under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora = Guide d'identification CITES. Papillons : guide d'identifica |
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CITES identification guide. Crocodilians |
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CITES identification guide. Hunting trophies : guide to the identification of game mammals controlled under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora |
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CITES identification guide. Sturgeons and paddlefish : guide to the identification of sturgeon species controlled under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora = Guide d'identification CITES. Esturgeons et spa |
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CITES identification guide. Turtles and tortoises guide to the identification of turtles and tortoises species controlled under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora = Guide d'identification CITES. Tortues : |
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CITES identification manual. Whale shark (Rhincodon typus Smith 1829) |
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CITES-listed species database The database contains the scientific names of all species currently or previously listed in CITES Appendices I, II or III with the exception of Appendix-II Orchidaceae, for which the data are only partially complete. Hybrid generic names of Cactaceae and Orchidaceae are not included. English, French, and Spanish common names are included where available. Some synonyms of scientific and common names are also listed but no attempt has been made to make these comprehensive. Two species of Psittaciformes not listed in the CITES Appendices are included for information: Melopsittacus undulatus and Nymphicus hollandicus; these are the only species in this large order not covered by CITES provisions |
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clade of non-sexually dimorphic ponyfishes (Teleostei:Perciformes:Leiognathidae) : phylogeny, taxonomy, and description of a new species / |
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Classification, natural history, and evolution of the genus Aphelocerus Kirsch (Coleoptera:Cleridae:Clerinae) / |
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CLEMAM check list of European marine Mollusca / "This database provides a list of taxonomic references concerning any molluscan taxon living in marine waters of Europe. For each genus selected, we list its synonyms (if any) and the current scientific names of species included (in alphabetical order of species epithet). For each species, we list its synonyms, homonyms, misidentified synonyms, and a selection of secondary references." |
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Coevolution between grasshopper mice (Onychomys spp.) and bark and striped scorpions (Centruroides spp.) |
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collection of amphibians and reptiles from hilly eastern Cambodia The first amphibian and reptile collection is reported from hilly eastern Cambodia since Henri Mouhot's work in 1859. The collection contains 30 species of amphibians and 42 species of reptiles. Leptobrachium mouhoti, new species, and Ophryophryne synoria, new species, are described. Of the remaining collection, 11 species of amphibians (39.3%) and seven species of snakes (33.3%) are reported from Cambodia for the first time. Comparisons of the frogs show strong faunal overlap with that of mountainous central Vietnam, but little faunal overlap with the Cardamom Mountains of southwestern Cambodia |
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Colonial nesting waterbird survey in the Northwest Boreal Region - 2000 |
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Columbian mountain amphibian surveys, 2001 |
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Common grasshoppers of the western United States This key enables the user to identify 58 of the most common adult grasshoppers of the western United States which pose the greatest environmental and economic threat. Fact sheets for each species provide information on distribution and habitat, economic importance, food habits, migration and dispersal, identification, hatching, nymphal development, adults and reproduction, population ecology, and daily activity |
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common loon in the Adirondack Park : an overview of loon natural history and current research / |
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Common names of insects and related organisms Covers insects and arachnids, some other terrestrial arthropods, and some slugs and snails (Stylommatophora) |
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Comparative analyses of successful establishment among introduced land birds |
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Comparative mammalian brain collections major national resources for study of brain anatomy : the University of Wisconsin, Michigan State University, and the National Museum of Health and Medicine / |
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Comparative postnatal ontogeny of the skull in Dromiciops gliroides (Marsupialia:Microbiotheriidae) / |
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comparative study of functional morphology of the male reproductive systems in the Astacidea with emphasis on the freshwater crayfishes (Crustacea:Decapoda) / This study of the functional morphology of the male reproductive system in astacidean crustaceans has allowed for comparisons of representatives of the superfamilies Parastacoidea, Enoplometopoidea, Nephropoidea, and the Astacoidea with a focus on the crayfishes. Tissues from the testes and (to the extent possible) vasa deferentia were prepared for light and scanning electron microscopy and specimens of the following families were used: Parastacidae -- Parastacoides tasmanicus tasmanicus, Astacopsis franklinii, Parastacus nicoleti; Enoplometopidae -- Enoplometopus occidentalis; Nephropidae -- Homarus americanus; Astacidae -- Pacifastacus leniusculus trowbridgii; Cambaridae -- Cambaroides japonicus, Cambaroides similis, Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus, C. (Hiaticambarus) longulus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax, P. (O.) zonangulus, P. (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus, and Orconectes (Procericambarus) rusticus. The single organ testis is "H-shaped" in members of the Parastacoidea, Enoplometopoidea, and Nephropoidea and consists of a pair of longitudinal lobes, each composed of an anterior and posterior lobule joined by a transverse commissure or bridge. The derived "Y-shaped" pattern of the testis of the Astacoidea is trilobed and consists of a pair of anterior lobules and a median posterior lobule that in most adult Cambaridae are joined by a trifurcate, constricted stalk, a structure that is lacking in the Cambaroidinae and Astacidae. The sac-like acini lie in the axes of the testicular lobules and produce spermatozoa. As spermatogenesis proceeds, each acinus becomes larger and, with spermiogenesis and the expulsion of spermatozoa into the collecting ducts, undergoes one or two of three fates: (1) acinus regeneration occurs and another cycle of sperm production ensues (adopted exclusively by the Astacidae and Cambaroidinae); (2) secondary acini develop in the wall of existing acini, converting the primary acinus into a passageway to the collecting tubules; or (3) the acinus degenerates and new acini arise from collecting tubules (employed only by the Cambarinae and Cambarellinae). The first and second fates have been adopted by the Parastacoidea, the Enoplometopoidea, and the Nephropoidea. In the Cambarinae and Cambarellinae, the germinal cells are recognizable only in the acinar buds from the collecting tubules and when they assume the role of spermatogonia; they are not evident along the lengths of the tubules nor are they present within an acinus after the onset of spermatogenesis. In all other astacideans examined, the germinal cells seem always to be present in the collecting tubules. Additionally, they appear in the walls of acini by the time the spermatogenic elements are being converted to spermatids, frequently forming clusters, the primordia of secondary acini in the Parastacoidea, the Nephropoidea, and occasionally the Enoplometopoidea. Germinal cells may be disposed in a partial layer or scattered within the walls of an acinus and constitute the initial spermatogonia of a new cycle of sperm production. This is what occurs in the acini of the Astacidae, Cambaroidinae, Parastacoidea, Nephropoidea, and Enoplometopoidea |
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Comparison of electrofishing and scuba diving techniques to sample black bass / |
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Comparison of red deer and possum diets and impacts in podocarp-hardwood forest, Waihaha catchment, Pureora Conservation Park / |
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comparison of survival rates for captive and free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), killer whales (Orcinus orca), and beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) |
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Comparison of three methods for maintaining possums at low density / |
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Competition between the threatened Bliss Rapids snail, Taylorconcha serpenticola (Hershler et al.) and the invasive, aquatic snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray) Due primarily to habitat loss and invasive species, extinction rates for North American mollusk taxa are among the highest for any taxonomic group in the world. Competition between invasive and native species often leads to decreases in native populations. For example, a primary reason for listing the Bliss Rapids snail, Taylorconcha serpenticola as threatened in the Snake River drainage was the perceived impacts of the highly invasive New Zealand mudsnail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum. Despite federal protection of T. serpenticola and the known presence of P. antipodarum in the Snake River drainage for almost 20 years, almost nothing is known about their ecology and competitive interactions. For this dissertation I conducted both field and laboratory studies to determine niche overlaps, spatial patterns, and some life history characteristics of both species. I compared optimal growth temperatures and estimated temperature tolerances for each species, under laboratory conditions; 2) examined stage (size) class fecundity rates and growth rates; and 3) examined photophobic tendencies of both species. I then explored environmental conditions and spatial patterns of both species in Banbury Springs, a tributary of the Snake River, near Hagerman, Idaho, that may have affected their distribution and abundance using regression tree analysis and geostatistical methods. I then conducted several competition experiments between both species under controlled conditions at Banbury Springs, developed competition coefficients, and related their growth rates and competitive outcomes to periphyton abundance and diversity. Finally, I monitored and then modeled seasonal and yearly population density trends of both species in a section of Banbury Springs, where both coexist, using time series analysis. Results of this study show that that both species have niche overlaps (i.e. temperature overlaps, photophobic tendencies, and somewhat similar habitat requirements) and can compete for limited food resources, but may have just enough niche separation or their occupied habitat is heterogeneous enough for them to coexist, at present. It is possible however that not enough time has elapsed for the effects of competition with P. antipodarum to push T. serpenticola to extinction |
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Competition potential between sauger and walleye in non-native sympatry historical trends and resource overlap in the middle Missouri River, Montana / Sauger, Sander canadensis, populations throughout Montana and North America have exhibited declines over the past few decades. Sauger population abundance declined in the middle Missouri and Yellowstone rivers of Montana in the mid-1980s following a period of drought. Higher flows resulted in a rebound of the lower Yellowstone River population; however, the middle Missouri River population has remained at low abundance. Various factors may contribute to the reduced population abundance of sauger in the middle Missouri River, including interspecific competition with walleye, Sander vitreus. Historical trend data of sauger and walleye were assessed to determine long-term trends of sauger and walleye fitness. To assess competition potential, seasonal migrations, habitat use, and diets of both species were compared in the middle Missouri River. Trophic position of sauger was also compared between the middle Missouri and Yellowstone rivers to evaluate the trophic status of sauger in sympatry and allopatry with walleye. Sauger and walleye were tracked using radio telemetry to establish and compare seasonal migrations. Habitat use was compared at three hierarchical scales, diets were collected on fish sampled using electrofishing, and diet overlap was calculated. Trophic position was calculated using stable isotope analysis. Historical trend data indicated that sauger and walleye are currently at low abundance and sauger had low relative weights, which is likely due to low prey availability. Prior to the presumed spawning period, 96% of the sauger and 57% of the walleye migrated downstream as far as 273 km. After spawning, both species returned to previously-occupied river reaches and demonstrated site fidelity during the non-migratory season. Habitat use and selection by sauger and walleye were similar at all three hierarchical scales. Diet overlap was high during the spring [0.72 (SE=0.003)] and summer [0.95 (SE=0.0008)] and moderate during autumn [0.49 (SE=0.003)]. Sauger trophic position differed statistically between the middle Missouri and Yellowstone rivers; however, the biological consequences of the difference are uncertain. Overall, resource overlap of sauger and walleye in the middle Missouri River, Montana suggests that competition potential between these species is high, which may preclude the recovery of native sauger populations if resources are limiting |
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Compte-rendu du Second Seminaire regional sur la conservation et la restauration des antilopes sahelo-sahariennes / |
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Conservation and management of the dugong in Queensland, 1999-2004 |
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Conservation and management of whales and dolphins in Queensland, 1997-2001 |
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Conservation applications of measuring energy expenditure of New Zealand birds : assessing habitat quality and costs of carrying radio transmitters / |
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Conservation assessments for five forest bat species in the eastern United States / |
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conservation basis for the regulation of whale watching in Canada by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans a precautionary approach / |
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conservation genetics of the Florida black bear / |
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Conservation genetics of the Forbes' parakeet (Cyanoramphus forbesi) on Mangere Island, Chatham Islands / |
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Conservation guidelines / |
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Conservation measures for Sahelo-Saharan antelopes : action plan and status reports |
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Conservation of kakerori (Pomarea dimidiata) : report on a visit to Rarotonga, August/September 1999 / |
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Conservation of least terns and piping plovers along the Missouri River and its major western tributaries in South Dakota |
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Conservation of leopards in Ayubia National Park, Pakistan Large carnivores are important for biodiversity and ecosystem function, yet are very difficult to conserve because of their large home ranges and conflicts with humans. I examined human-leopard conflicts in and near Ayubia National Park, Pakistan, to provide management recommendations for the conservation of leopards. Persecution of leopards by humans has been on the rise primarily due to depredation on livestock and risk to human lives. Since 1989, 16 humans have either been killed or injured in and around Ayubia National Park while leopards faced 44 human-caused mortalities during the same period. I examined the management strategy adopted by NWFP Wildlife Department for leopard conservation, identify gaps, and suggest possible management actions to mitigate the conflicts. For this purpose, I reviewed the management of carnivores including mountain lions, wolves, and grizzly bears to learn from management successes and failures in North America. Based on my review, I make the following recommendations to improve leopard management in and near Ayubia. First, to minimize human-leopard conflicts, educational and information programs to modify human behavior to reduce risks should be developed. Second, predator compensation programs and livestock vaccination programs would help reduce livestock conflicts. Lastly, broader scale management changes such as enhanced protection of areas surrounding Ayubia National Park, re-introduction of extirpated native ungulates as prey for leopards, and improvements in monitoring could benefit leopard conservation |
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Conservation of lizards in Otago Conservancy, 2002-2007 |
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Conservation of lizards in West Coast/Tai Poutini Conservancy / |
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Conservation of Powelliphanta traversi : effects of removal of Tradescantia fluminensis and rodent poisoning / - Title page and table of contents Conservation of Powelliphanta traversi : effects of removal of Tradescantia fluminensis and rodent poisoning / - 1st paper Conservation of Powelliphanta traversi : effects of removal of Tradescantia fluminensis and rodent poisoning / - 2nd paper Conservation of Powelliphanta traversi : effects of removal of Tradescantia fluminensis and rodent poisoning / - 3rd paper |
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conservation of saproxylic beetles in boreal forest : importance of forest management and dead wood characteristics / |
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Conservation overview of butterflies in the Southern Headwaters at Risk Project (SHARP) area |
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Conservation priorities an assessment of freshwater habitat for Puget Sound salmon |
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conservation requirements of New Zealand's nationally threatened invertebrates / |
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conservation status of aquatic insects in south-western Australia |
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conservation status of Australasian chondrichthyans : report of the IUCN Shark Specialist Group Australia and Oceania Regional Red List Workshop, Queensland, Australia, 7-9 March 2003 / |
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Conservation status of the New Zealand Lepidoptera |
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Conservation status of the New Zealand red katipo spider (Latrodectus katipo Powell, 1871) / - Pages 1-10 Conservation status of the New Zealand red katipo spider (Latrodectus katipo Powell, 1871) / - Pages 11-13 Conservation status of the New Zealand red katipo spider (Latrodectus katipo Powell, 1871) / - Pages 14-15 Conservation status of the New Zealand red katipo spider (Latrodectus katipo Powell, 1871) / - Pages 16-33 |
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Conservation status of two rare New Zealand geometrid moths / Investigates the conservation status of Asaphodes stinaria and Xanthorhoe bulbulata, two formerly common and widespread conspicuous New Zealand geometrids that have suffered a severe decline in both distribution and population numbers over the past 60 years |
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Conservation through management : cut wood as substrate for saproxylic organisms / |
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Conserving cetaceans : the Convention on Migratory Species and its relevant agreements for cetacean conservation / |
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Conspectus genericus scorpionorum 1758-2006 (Arachnida:Scorpiones) Genus-group names introduced for all extant scorpions in 1758-2006, are listed. The treatment follows the Conspectus of Francke (1985), with considerable additional information accumulated during intensive scorpiological research of 1983-2006. We list, as currently valid, 191 genus-group names, which include 167 genera and 24 non-nominotypic subgenera. The list also includes all available genus-group synonyms as well as unavailable names and detected incorrect spellings |
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Consumption of non-toxic baits by grand (Oligosoma grande) and Otago (O. otagense) skinks / Three bait types that are commonly used in pest mammal control programmes were tested for their attractiveness to wild grand (Oligosoma grande) and Otago (O. otagense) skinks, and their potential prey. This was assessed through observations and video recordings in the skinks' natural habitat in north Otago, New Zealand. Both skink species have been assigned a threat status of Nationally Critical. Non-toxic samples of RS5 cereal baits, carrot and FeraCol paste (peanut butter flavoured) were presented in two sizes to free-ranging animals during late March 2006; cereal baits were also presented wet or dry. All bait types were sampled (licked, nudged, or bitten) by both species of skink, but large baits (both wet and dry) appeared to be less attractive and were not consumed. Both species of these threatened skinks were observed consuming small pieces of wet cereal baits and FeraCol paste. Of the potential prey species, one McCann's skink (O. maccanni) was observed consuming a small piece of carrot, and one worm, ground weta (Hemiandrus sp.) and flies consumed wet and dry cereal baits |
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Continued monitoring of Boise's wintering bald eagles, and monitoring of the Dead Dog Creek bald eagle roost site, winters 1997/1998 and 1998/1999 : final report/ |
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Contributions to the natural history of seven species of Bornean frogs / - UW restricted The anuran fauna of Borneo consists of 156 known species distributed in almost every potential microhabitat in the forested environments that formerly covered the island. Seven of these species are commonly encountered along almost every stream in forests below 750 m above sea level. Aspects of the natural history of these seven--Bufo asper, Limnonectes ibanorum, L. ingeri, L. kuhlii, L. leporinus, Rana megalonesa, and R. signata--are presented based on observations made at 25 localities scattered through Brunei and the Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak. Each species shows wide variation in activity (as measured by numbers seen) within and between streams within localities. Recapture of marked individuals of B. asper, L. ibanorum, L. ingeri, and L. leporinus permits estimation of growth rates and time to sexual maturity and, less certainly, to a coarse estimate of the length of reproductive life. Each of these four species showed extremely wide variation among individuals in terms of movements between successive capture points, with some individuals moving very long distances (within a single stream) and others scarcely moving at all. Although all seven species occur within primary and secondary hill forests, two are apparently restricted to such habitats, while the others also occur in flat, alluvial forests. Four have also been found in plantations of Acacia mangium and three in swamp forests |
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Control strategies for the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, and the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea comparative stress responses and nontarget impact / |
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Controlled propagation and reintroduction plan for the riparian brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius) |
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Convention on Migratory Species |
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cranes status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Crocodiles status survey and conservation action plan / Provides concise summaries of the current status and recent information for all 23 species of crocodilians |
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Crocodilian, tuatara, and turtle species of the world an online taxonomic and geographic reference / |
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Crocodilians natural history & conservation / |
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Cumberland Sound beluga |
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Curassows, guans, and chachalacas with Spanish and Portuguese translations / |
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Cyclodina spp. skink recovery plan : 1999-2004 / |
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cynipoid genus Paramblynotus : revision, phylogeny, and historical biogeography (Hymenoptera:Liopteridae) / |
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Death Valley National Park paleontological survey |
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Death Valley National Park paleontological survey |
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decline of caribou on northwest Victoria Island, 1980-93 / |
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Declines of greater and lesser scaup populations issues, hypotheses, and research directions : summary report for the Scaup Workshop, 9-10 September 1998, Jamestown, ND / |
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Deep-water fishes : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium held in Aberdeen, Scotland, 1-5 July 1996 / - UW restricted |
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Deer : status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Deer and elk habitat workshops : job completion report / |
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DeerNet biology and management of the world's ungulates "DeerNet summarizes Internet resources dealing with the ecology, management and economic utilisation of hoofed mammals. It reflects the research interests of the Wildlife Productivity and Management Program at the University of Alberta but is intended as a comprehensive resource for students, managers and scientists"--Overview page |
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Demographic parameters of the black petrel (Procellaria parkinsoni) / - Pages 1-13 Demographic parameters of the black petrel (Procellaria parkinsoni) / - Pages 14-32 |
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Demography and population genetic structure of the Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea |
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Demography of Lewis's woodpecker, breeding bird densities, and riparian aspen integrity in a grazed landscape Aspen (Populus tremuloides) riparian woodlands are extremely limited in distribution throughout the western U.S., yet these habitats have a disproportionate value to breeding birds. Aspen habitats are also considered prime sheep and cattle summer range, particularly in the semiarid Intermountain West. Such concentrated use has raised concern about the effects of sheep and cattle grazing on these habitats. We examined the influences of sheep and cattle grazing on aspen riparian woodlands and the associated breeding bird community. We had two objectives: 1) to determine how habitats grazed by sheep and cattle influenced the reproductive biology of Lewis's woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis), and 2) to determine how vegetation differed between sheep and cattle-grazed aspen riparian woodlands and how these differences influenced breeding birds densities. To examine what factors influenced nest-site selection in Lewis's woodpecker and whether these factors influenced nest survival, we quantified nest-site characteristics and monitored nests to determine nest fate. Lewis's woodpecker nest-site selection was positively influenced by nest tree diameter and tree density and negatively influenced by increasing amounts of bare ground and woody stems. However, these characteristics were not strong predictors of nest survival. Instead, nest initiation date and daily average temperature had the strongest influence. We then compared several vegetation characteristics between grazing treatments, conducted point transect surveys and used distance sampling techniques to estimate breeding bird densities. Cattle-grazed sites had more bare ground, less herbaceous cover, lower willow (Salix spp.) densities, and lower aspen densities than sheep-grazed sites. Differences in breeding bird densities between these grazing treatments reflected these vegetation differences, as ground-nesting species and riparian specialists had lower densities in cattle-grazed areas. Data from this study provide landowners and land managers with information on the habitat requirements of sensitive bird species needed to implement compatible grazing strategies in aspen riparian woodlands |
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Description of the biology and an assessment of the fishery for adult longfinned eels in NSW / |
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Design and use of artificial refuges for monitoring adult tree weta, Hemideina crassidens and H. thoracica / Artificial refuges were investigated for assessing populations of tree weta (Orthoptera:Anostostomatidae) in New Zealand by testing refuge design with adult Hemideina crassidens and H. thoracica in the laboratory, in a temperature-controlled glasshouse and in the field at six forest sites covering a range of altitudes and vegetation types. In laboratory and glasshouse tests, both species preferred refuges made from aged pine (Pinus radiata) to fresh pine, and willow wood (Salix alba) to pine. Neither species of adult entered holes 10 mm in diameter, but both entered holes 16 mm or 25 mm in diameter. Adult H. crassidens preferred galleries with tapering terminations to rounded terminations, refuges without Perspex observation windows, and refuges made from willow wood over those made of concrete. Adult H. thoracica preferred refuges made from concrete to willow wood. Adult mice (Mus musculus), which are potential predators of weta, were largely excluded from galleries with entrances <= 18 mm in diameter. In the field, the number of tree weta found in artificial refuges varied amongst the six sites. Weta first appeared 1.9 months after refuges were set, and reached maximum numbers after 2.14 months. Both species usually occurred singly in galleries and most frequently in long, upturned galleries. The number of weta in refuges varied little with height above ground, but there is evidence that this was positively correlated with the number of weta in natural cavities and was higher where rodents were controlled. There was no difference between the number of weta found in refuges in the interior of a forest and near the forest edge |
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Designation of critical habitat for southern resident killer whales biological report |
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Detecting critical changes in mohua (Mohoua ochrocephala) abundance : inferences from a second year's data / |
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Detection of sea otters in boat-based surveys of Prince William Sound, Alaska / |
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Detection of sooty shearwater chicks (Puffinus griseus) by response to sound / |
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Determinants of breeding distributions of ducks |
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Determination of habitat preferences of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) on the rolling plains of Texas using GIS and remote sensing The Rocker b Ranch on the southern rolling plains has one of the last sizeable populations of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) in Texas. To investigate habitat utilization on the ranch, pronghorn were fitted with GPS/VHF collars and were released into pastures surrounded by a variety of fences to determine how fence types affected habitat selection. Habitat parameters chosen for analysis were vegetation, elevation, slope, aspect, and distances to water, roads, and oil wells. Results showed that pronghorn on the ranch crossed modified fencing significantly less than other types of fencing. Pronghorn selected for all habitat parameters to various degrees, with the most important being vegetation type. Habitat selection could be attributed to correspondence of vegetation type with other parameters or spatial arrangements of physical features of the landscape. Seasonal differences in habitat utilization were evident, and animals tended to move shorter distances at night than they did during daylight hours |
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Developing a habitat-based population viability model for greater sage-grouse in southeastern Alberta 2001 report / |
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Developing tools to detect and respond to rodent invasions of islands : workshop report and recommendations / |
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development of an invertebrate database for the lower North Island / |
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development of Operation Nest Egg as a tool in the conservation management of kiwi / |
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Diagnostic morphometrics of the skink species, Oligosoma maccanni and O. nigriplantare polychroma, from South Island, New Zealand / |
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Diamond Lake warmwater fishery assessment, fall 1999 / |
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Diaspididae |
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Diet of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) : a summary / New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) are increasing in number and expanding to recolonise much of their former range, resulting in a perceived conflict between fur seals and both commercial and recreational fisheries. To assess the level of interaction between fur seals and fisheries, a comprehensive understanding of fur seal diet is needed. This paper summarises what is known about fur seal diet in New Zealand, explains the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for assessing diet, and briefly looks at what information is available from other countries on marine mammal and fisheries interactions. Ten studies on fur seal diet have been carried out in New Zealand. However, most of these have been carried out in the Otago region. Since diet has been shown to vary between locations depending on a number of factors, findings from these studies cannot be applied to the whole of New Zealand. Furthermore, study design and method used to assess diet can greatly affect how data are interpreted and their comparability with other studies. Consequently, more information on fur seal diet is needed to appropriately address the potential for interactions in areas where fur seals have only recently become of increasing concern, and careful consideration needs to be given to study design, the methods employed, and interpretation of the data |
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Directory of IBAs in Vietnam |
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Directory of important bird areas in Cambodia key sites for conservation / |
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Disease agents in Steller sea lions in Alaska a review and analysis of serology data from 1975-2000 / |
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Dispersal ecology of insects inhabiting wood-decaying fungi / |
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Distinguishing Mercury Islands tusked weta, Motuweta isolata, from a ground weta, Hemiandrus pallitarsis (Orthoptera:Anostostomatidae) in the field, with observations of their activity / |
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Distribution and abundance of marbled murrelets and common murres on the outer coast of Washington summer 1997 through winter 1998-1999 / |
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Distribution and abundance of muskoxen in the Beaverhill Lake area (2000) and the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary (1994), Northwest Territories / This report provides details of the two aerial surveys used to describe muskox Ovibos moschatus abundance and distribution in the central barrens, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. The first survey covered the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary in July and August 1994. The 1994 survey was a stratified transect survey using a float equipped fixed-wing aircraft. After an initial reconnaissance at 13.3% coverage, 3,565 kilometers of the transect were reclassified as the low-density stratum. Three areas were classified as high-density strata and re-flown at 40% coverage. The estimated number of adult muskoxen in the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary in 1994 was 1,095 281 Standard Error (Coefficient of Variation 0.26) and an average density of 1.8 per 100km2. This estimate was likely conservative. Based on all adults seen, including singles, the percentages of calves were 12.0% on transect and 16.4% off transect. In 2000, a fixed-wing aircraft was used to fly a transect survey with uniform coverage (about 20%) covering an area adjacent to the southwest corner of the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary and including the southwest part of the Sanctuary. Most of the area had not been previously surveyed for muskoxen. We counted 261 adult muskoxen and estimated 1320 OE 183 Standard Error (Coefficient of Variation 0.14) with an average density of 3.19 per 100km2. The proportion of calves on and off transect was 5.5%. The survey suggests that muskox distribution is continuous around the western, southern and eastern Thelon Sanctuary between Muskox Management Unit 02 in the NWT and Muskox Management Unit MX21 in Nunavut. The surveys and sightings suggest that muskox distribution has been spreading southwest during the 1980s and 1990s. We recommend establishing a management unit southwest of the Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary with an annual quota of 11 muskoxen |
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Distribution and abundance of predators that affect duck production--Prairie Pothole Region |
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Distribution and abundance of Sigaus childi Jamieson (Orthoptera:Acrididae), a central Otago endemic grasshopper / |
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Distribution and biology of the endangered kauri snail, Paryphanta busbyi watti / |
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Distribution and biology of the introduced gastropod, Maoricolpus roseus (Quoy and Gamard, 1834) (Caenogastropoda:Turritellidae) in Australia |
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Distribution and conservation status of ground weta, Hemiandrus species (Orthoptera:Anostostomatidae) / - Pages 1-12 Distribution and conservation status of ground weta, Hemiandrus species (Orthoptera:Anostostomatidae) / - Pages 13-16 Distribution and conservation status of ground weta, Hemiandrus species (Orthoptera:Anostostomatidae) / - Pages 17-18 Distribution and conservation status of ground weta, Hemiandrus species (Orthoptera:Anostostomatidae) / - Pages 19-25 |
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Distribution and conservation status of the dune snail Succinea archeyi Powell (Stylommatophora:Succineidae) in northern New Zealand Surveys were carried out from 1994 to 1998 to determine the location, size, habitats and conservation status of extant populations of the endemic dune snail Succinea archeyi Powell. Threats to their continued survival are identified and management actions are suggested |
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distribution and ecology of the freshwater molluscs of northern British Columbia |
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Distribution and habitat associations of the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in the Oldman River drainage |
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Distribution and population characteristics of lake trout in Lake McDonald, Glacier National Park implications for suppression / Bull trout Salvelinus confluentus have declined since the establishment of nonnative lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in Lake McDonald, Glacier National Park (GNP). In an attempt to prevent further decline of this population, GNP is considering implementing a lake trout suppression program. I used ultrasonic telemetry to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of lake trout and gill nets to evaluate population characteristics and diet. Model simulations were used to predict lake trout responses to varying levels of suppression. I relocated 36 lake trout (508-859 mm total length) 1,137 times from June through November 2003 and March through November 2004. Lake trout had a narrow vertical distribution during all seasons in both 2003 and 2004, rarely occupying depths >30 m. During thermal stratification, lake trout occupied depths in the upper hypolimnion where mean temperature varied from 8-9C and dissolved oxygen was highest. Lake trout typically were suspended in the water column during all seasons except autumn. When spawning commenced in late-October, lake trout were associated with littoral habitats containing clean cobble and boulder substrates. The lake trout population had a broad age structure and a maximum age of 37 years. Males reached maturity earlier (12 years) than females (15 years), and total annual mortality rate for lake trout ages 8-27 was 13.2%. Growth rates were slow and relative weight values were among the lowest observed for lake trout throughout their range. Food habits were sampled from 254 lake trout, and 95% of the diet by weight consisted of fish prey. Model simulations indicated that substantial population reduction could be achieved with moderate exploitation (20-50%); however, this was more easily achieved as the size at which lake trout could effectively be captured was reduced. Simulations suggested that recruitment could be reduced to a level where adults are not being replaced at low exploitation (10-30%). These data will allow suppression efforts to be focused at times and places that will maximize efficiency, and population simulations suggest that substantial reduction of the lake trout population is feasible. Ultimately, results from this study should promote recovery of bull trout in Lake McDonald |
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Distribution and productivity of least terns and piping plovers along the Missouri and Cheyenne rivers in South Dakota |
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Distribution and relative abundance of small mammals of the western plains of Alberta as determined from great horned owl pellets |
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Distribution and sighting frequency of reef fishes in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary |
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Distribution and sighting frequency of reef fishes in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary |
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Distribution and status of native carnivorous land snails in the genera Wainuia and Rhytida / |
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Distribution of breeding birds in Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
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distribution of Kemp's ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) along the Texas coast : an atlas / |
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Distribution of Ord's kangaroo rats in southeastern Alberta |
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distribution of seabirds on Alaskan longline fishing grounds 2002 data report / |
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Distribution of selected small mammals in Alberta Summarizes the status and distribution in Alberta of 15 small mammal species: prairie shrew (Sorex haydeni), wandering shrew (Sorex vagrans), long-eared bat (Myotis evotis), long-legged bat (Myotis volans), western small-footed bat (Myotis ciliolabrum), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), Franklin's ground squirrel (Spermophilus franklinii), olive-backed pocket mouse (Perognathus fasciatus), western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis), northern grasshopper mouse (Onychomys leucogaster), taiga vole (Microtus xanthognathus), prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), water vole (Microtus richardsoni), sagebrush vole (Lemmiscus curtatus), brown lemming (Lemmus sibiricus) |
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Distribution, abundance, and habitat selection of northern pygmy and barred owls along the eastern slopes of the Alberta Rocky Mountains |
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Distribution, abundance, and pup production of the New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri Lesson) at the Bounty Islands / |
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distributional checklist of the beetles (Coleoptera) of Florida / |
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Diversity and taxonomic status of some New Zealand grasshoppers / Little is known about the taxonomic and conservation status of low-altitude populations of New Zealand grasshoppers (Acrididae). We examined the extent of differences between populations belonging to three groups: Sigaus piliferus, the Brachaspis nivalis complex, and the Sigaus australis complex. There is evidence that the North Island species S. piliferus falls into two groups: individuals in the Tararua Ranges and those north of the Manawatu Gorge. In the South Island, the B. nivalis complex is made up of two subgroups: from central Canterbury to Marlborough, and from south Canterbury to north Otago. There are four subgroups within the S. australis complex: one in central Canterbury and three in Otago. There are also several morphologically distinct populations within the B. nivalis and S. australis complexes, but further work is needed to fully describe these forms. When managing these grasshoppers, it is important that this geographic and morphological variation is considered and represented within management units |
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DNA profiling of captive roseate spoonbill (Ajaia ajaja) populations as a mechanism of determining lineage in colonial nesting birds |
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DNA sexing of brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli) from feather samples / |
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Does a toxic fungal endophyte of tall fescue affect reproduction of takahe on offshore islands? / Tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix) is a cultivated grass that in New Zealand is often infected with a fungal endophyte known to be toxic to livestock and other wildlife including birds. We determined whether tall fescue was present on two offshore islands (Maud and Tiritiri Matangi) where endangered takahe (Porphyrio hochstetteri) have been introduced and are known to suffer from high rates of egg infertility and poor hatching success. Despite extensive surveys, tall fescue was not observed on either island. Takahe on these islands fed almost exclusively on introduced grasses, particularly cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) and Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), but none of these grasses are known to have toxic endophytes associated with them. Hence other factors must be responsible for the low reproductive success of takahe on islands. However, tall fescue is widespread throughout mainland New Zealand and managers must monitor for its presence to prevent its establishment on islands |
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Downstream fall migrations of native salmonids from major tributaries associated with Hells Canyon Complex-Snake River / |
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Draft revised recovery plan for Hawaiian forest birds |
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Draft revised recovery plan for the Nene or Hawaiian goose (Branta sandvicensis) |
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Draft Washington State recovery plan for the fisher / |
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Draft Washington State recovery plan for the lynx / |
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Draft Washington State recovery plan for the sage-grouse / |
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Draft Washington State recovery plan for the sea otter / |
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Draft Washington State status report for the Aleutian Canada goose / |
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Draft Washington State status report for the common loon / |
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Draft Washington State status report for the killer whale / |
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Draft Washington State status report for the peregrine falcon / |
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Draft Washington State status report for the sage grouse / |
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Draft Washington State status report for the sharp-tailed grouse / |
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dragonflies (Insecta:Odonata) of the Columbia Basin, British Columbia field surveys, collections development, and public education / |
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Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) of the United States |
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Ducks at a distance : a waterfowl identification guide / |
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Dugong status report and action plans for countries and territories / |
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Dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) in New Zealand waters : present knowledge and research goals / |
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dynamic model of semipalmated sandpiper migration implications for conservation / |
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dynamics of cavity excavation and use by the red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) Quantification of cavity excavation produced strong empirical support for the ecological constraints model for the evolution of delayed dispersal in the red-cockaded woodpecker. The long times required for cavity excavation select for competition over breeding vacancies in established territories and against excavation of cavities in unoccupied habitat. Duration of excavation varies between woodpecker populations, but may require over 13 years in longleaf pine and over 10 years in loblolly pine. Duration of excavation is extremely variable. Much of the variation is due to variation in effort by excavating woodpeckers, which is in turn related to the need for new cavities in relation to the number of available cavities on a territory. An average of only 11% of an individual's time budget is devoted to excavation, and only one individual per group makes significant contributions to excavation. Once completed, cavities are used for periods that may exceed fifteen years. Cavities in longleaf pine are used for significantly longer periods than cavities in loblolly. Whereas cavities no longer used as nests are abandoned altogether in loblolly, they are still roosted in for many years in longleaf. Final abandonment of longleaf cavities appears to be related to cavity loss. Quantification of cavity turnover revealed that three of the study populations (MACK, CNF, and CL) were stable in cavity numbers over the study period, while a fourth (FB) underwent alarming declines. The continued use of restrictors and artificial cavities, and the protection of old-growth upon which the woodpeckers depend for excavation, are recommended |
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early history of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in British Columbia / |
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Earthworms (Annelida:Oligochaeta) of the Columbia River basin assessment area / |
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Earwig Research Centre ERC : the site on earwig biology / |
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eastern rosella (Platycercus eximius) in New Zealand / |
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echinoid directory Includes general and non-technical information about sea urchins, as well as information for serious amateurs and undergraduates. But the primary purpose of the site is to provide a taxonomic resource for the scientific community in which the genera and higher taxa of echinoid can be simply and rapidly identified. There are currently over 350 pages of detailed information about echinoid taxa |
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Ecological assessment of two islands in west Otago lakes for potential re-introduction of buff weka (Gallirallus australis hectori) / |
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ecological study of reintroduced Arabian oryx in the Uruq Bani Maarid Protected Area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia This study was conducted in the Uruq Bani Maarid Protected Area, on the western edge of the Rub al Khali of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The dispersal of different groups of Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx (Pallas, 1777) was investigated, along with the seasonal range use patterns of the animals. The dispersal distances from the release site stabilised after a period of one year. The animals show seasonal differences in their range use patterns, associated with changes in their mobility. The dynamics of the relationship between the oryxes and their habitat were investigated. The structure and the condition of the vegetation, as well as some climatic variables were important determinants of seasonal habitat use. The diurnal activity patterns of the animals correspond with that characteristic of ungulates generally and the animals showed seasonal changes in their feeding preferences. The productivity of the population was high during the study period, with 34 live births, while six of the reintroduced animals died. Population viability analysis, however, shows that the population is vulnerable over the medium term (100 years) and that management should target the juvenile and especially adult females as they are keys to population growth and recovery |
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ecology and behaviour of Varanus mertensi (Reptilia:Varanidae) This study shows that numerous aspects of the ecology and behaviour of V. mertensi are similar to those of other similar-sized varanids just focused around aquatic areas. Varanus mertensi occupy a similar ecological niche to other semi-aquatic varanids, that of a wide ranging, active foraging, opportunistic predator of aquatic and riparian areas within their northern Australia distribution |
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Ecology and conservation of lowland farmland birds II : the road to recovery : proceedings of the 2004 British Omithologists' [i.e. Ornithologists'] Union Annual Conference, 26-28 March 2004, University of Leicester, UK / - UW restricted |
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Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States / |
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Ecology and conservation of the marbled murrelet / |
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Ecology and distribution of the freshwater crayfish Paranephrops zealandicus in Otago : implications for conservation / Examines the distribution of the crayfish Paranephrops zealandicus (koura) in the Taieri River catchment, Otago, with respect to land use and drainage history |
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Ecology and living conditions of groundwater fauna / |
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Ecology and management of islands, peninsulas, and structures for nesting waterfowl abstracts from the symposium / |
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Ecology and management of the spotted owl in the Pacific Northwest : Arcata, California, June 19-23, 1984 / |
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ecology and population dynamics of the Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus in the Flag Boshielo Dam, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
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Ecology of a remnant population of Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Thurston County, Washington |
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ecology of feral cats, Felis catus, in open forest in New South Wales interactions with food resources and foxes / |
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Ecology of hydrothermal vents on three segments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, northeast Pacific |
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ecology of Northeast coyotes : current knowledge and priorities for future research / |
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Ecology of the coyote in the Yellowstone, |
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Ecology of the great gray owl / |
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ecology of the leopard (Panthera pardus) in the Waterberg |
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ecology of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) (Macropodidae:Marsupialia) in the northern jarrah forest of Australia |
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ecology of tropical lizards in the caatinga of northeast Brazil / |
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Ecology of woodland caribou in Wells Gray Provincial Park / |
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economic contribution of whalewatching to regional economies perspectives from two national marine sanctuaries / |
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economic contribution of whalewatching to regional economies perspectives from two national marine sanctuaries / |
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Ecosystem engineering beaver and the population structure of Columbia spotted frogs in western Montana / Beavers (Castor canadensis) are considered ecosystem engineers, altering hydrologic regimes, ecosystem processes, and modifying community structure. Effects of beaver on the spatial pattern of lentic habitat and populations using those habitats have not been examined. I used a landscape database and eight microsatellite markers to compare the scale and pattern of lentic sites, their occupancy, and population structure by Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) between watersheds with and without beaver activity. Across all watersheds frog breeding sites were more clustered than the underlying pattern of lentic habitat. Beaver watersheds had four times as many lentic and breeding sites than non-beaver watersheds. Non-beaver watersheds often had only one frog breeding site. Frog breeding sites were more dispersed within beaver drainages. In addition, frog breeding sites were evenly distributed across the elevational gradient in beaver watersheds while they were centered above the watershed midpoint in non-beaver watersheds. Columbia spotted frog breeding sites were more dispersed within drainages with evidence of beaver presence than would be expected given the configuration of the underlying lentic habitat and have persisted despite being separated by distances larger than its dispersal ability. The genetic divergence seen within watersheds revealed that landscape configuration affected the fine scale population structure of Columbia spotted frogs. Landscape patterns of breeding sites were reflected in the presence and strength of isolation by distance equilibriums and the overall level of population subdivision within watersheds. Watersheds with beaver presence and an average distance of less than five kilometers between breeding sites showed higher levels of connectivity than did non-beaver watersheds with an average distance of more than five kilometers between breeding sites. More importantly, short beaver watersheds had lower levels of genetic divergence between breeding sites than those in long non-beaver watersheds separated by the same distance, even when distances were within the commonly observed dispersal ability of the frogs. Typical beaver watersheds in southwestern Montana with similar habitat configurations are likely composed of a single population, while non-beaver watersheds likely contain a single or a few isolated populations. Careful consideration of potential population effects for species dependent upon habitat beaver create is required |
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Ecotourism on Otago Peninsula : preliminary studies of yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) and Hooker's sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) / - Pages 1-11 Ecotourism on Otago Peninsula : preliminary studies of yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) and Hooker's sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) / - Pages 12-39 |
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Edge effects and birds across karri forest (Eucalyptus diversicolor) clear-fell edges a study of theory and conservation management / |
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Efecto de la fragmentacion del bosque nativo en la conservacion de Oncifelis guigna y Pseudalopex culpaeus en Chile central Chilean native forests have been replaced by plantations, generating a mosaic of native fragments of different size embedded in a matrix of farms and plantations. This landscape transformation could be affect habitat viability for wild carnivores like Oncifelis guigna and Pseudalopex culpaeus. To determine the potential impact of habitat fragmentation over the species, we evaluated their pattern of habitat use. The study was carried out in Los Queules National Reserve, native forest fragments closer and in pine plantations surrounding the Reserve (35059 S, 72041 W). Habitat use was assessed through visit to scent-stations. Around each scent-station we characterised vegetation structure and composition and its distance to large native forest, creeks and roads. Oncifelis guigna preferred habitats with dense covers, distant to roads and near to large native forest, being restricted to this habitat. In the other hand, P. culpaeus used opened habitat, close to roads, employing extensively pine plantations. Because O. guigna is restricted to forest, we used a metapopulation approach to infer its extinction probability in protected areas of central Chile. Metapopulations were classified depending on size and isolation degree of native forest fragments. Only one metapopulation composed by Nahuelbuta National Park and native forest fragments surrounding it, would be viable in the long-term. Metapopulation composed by Los Queules and Los Ruiles National Reserves could survive only in a short to medium term. Nevertheless, both populations depend on native forest fragments outside protected areas, which are mainly property of forestry companies. Therefore, due its importance for O. guigna survival, only through a protection program of native forest fragments close to protected areas, involving non governmental and governmental organisations, we may effectively conserve O. guigna in central coastal zone in Chile. On the other hand, P. culpaeus, being generalist would be less affected by habitat transformation |
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effect of altered streamflow on migratory birds of the Yellowstone River Basin, Montana / |
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effect of mercury on the feeding behavior of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to mercury (1.69, 6.79, and 13. 57 [micron]g/l HgCl2; 10 d exposure) and afterwards tested using various metrics of foraging ability while feeding in a vegetated habitat. Among the foraging metrics were foraging efficiency, capture speed, and the ability to learn and retain information regarding habitat characteristics. Comparisons with control fish and fish from the two highest exposure groups revealed consistent performance deficits in foraging efficiency and capture speed. However, no treatment effects on learning were detected. In determining the underlying proximate cause of the foraging deficits, it is believed that the greater pause time exhibited by treatment fish while foraging was the main cause of treatment differences. In the future, behavioral studies will continue to allow toxicity testing of environmentally relevant variables such as those used by behavioral ecologists. Such tests, when combined with tests of field collected specimens, could prove powerful in linking laboratory toxicity to toxicity in wild populations |
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effect of rabbits on conservation values / The impacts of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on New Zealand's native flora and fauna are reviewed |
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Effect of reduced possum density on rodent and stoat abundance in podocarp-hardwood forests / |
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effect of rotenone on orchard-pond invertebrate communities in the Motueka area, South Island, New Zealand / |
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Effect of wolf control on black-tailed deer in the Nimpkish Valley on Vancouver Island / |
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Effectiveness of aerial baiting of possums in different seasons and different forest types / Trials were conducted in three different forest types to see whether season affects the amount of aerially dispersed bait eaten by possums (Trichosurus vulpecula). Bait acceptance was not affected by season, and was very similar in the three forest types |
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effectiveness of wildlife corridors in facilitating connectivity assessment of a model system from the Australian wet tropics / |
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Effects of a non-toxic bait application on birds : assessing the impacts of a proposed kiore eradication programme on Little Barrier Island / |
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effects of Balranald Weir on spatial and temporal distributions of lower Murrumbidgee River fish assemblages / |
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effects of disturbance on aquatic breeding amphibians within the Cuyahoga Valley National Park Amphibians represent an important aspect of wetland ecosystems. Since the 1990's, many herpetologists have supported the idea that amphibian population declines have become more frequent. Destruction and degradation of aquatic and terrestrial habitat have been implicated as important causes of amphibian population declines. While many amphibian species rely on both aquatic and surrounding terrestrial habitat for continued persistence, current regulations often provide an inadequate degree of protection in these terrestrial areas. Some states have adopted limited buffer zones to offer additional protection to these important terrestrial regions. The major goal of this study was to determine if the distribution and abundance of aquatic breeding amphibians within the Cuyahoga Valley National Park is related to various surrounding habitat and water quality characteristics. The results of the current study indicate that certain species may be more strongly impacted by land-use in areas most directly adjacent to aquatic breeding sites |
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Effects of herring gulls and great black-backed gulls on breeding piping plovers, South Monomoy Island, Massachusetts Fewer large gulls were observed near prenesting plovers, plover nests, and plover broods than near random plots. Fewer large gulls were observed in plover nesting areas than in unused areas when the nesting areas were defined by all area within 100-m or 500-m of a plover nest. We argue that this apparent spatial separation between piping plovers and large gulls is due to different habitat preferences among the species. We found that gull removal on South Monomoy Island did not result in increased piping plover reproductive success, and large gulls did not affect breeding piping plovers on South Monomoy Island from 1998-2000 |
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Effects of ivermectin in dairy discharges on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates / |
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Effects of laboratory rearing on gypsy moth (Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae) / |
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Effects of low flow on dwarf galaxias and their habitat in the Wairau River / Trustpower's proposed power scheme on the braided Wairau River, Marlborough, New Zealand, would divert up to 40 m3/s of water through a 50-km canal, leaving a residual flow of 10-20 m3/s in the affected reaches of the river. Two-dimensional flow modelling has predicted that at flows of 15-20 m3/s, the flow in the affected reaches would be largely confined to the main channel, effectively eliminating shallow side-braid habitat, with an associated decline in available habitat for dwarf galaxias (Galaxias divergens), a small endemic fish that inhabits these sidebraids. This report investigates changes in a population of dwarf galaxias as flow declined over one summer season, in habitats provided by a seep-fed side-braid of the Wairau River. The study confirmed that as flow dropped to approximately 20 m3/s, habitat availability was reduced, and the braid became isolated from the main channel. This occurred alongside an apparent natural reduction in the abundance of dwarf galaxias, from a post-spawning abundance of predominantly juvenile fish. The ecology of dwarf galaxias appears to enable them to tolerate natural low-flow events. However, had this flow reduction occurred earlier in the year (or been sustained year round), it may have had a negative impact on the dwarf galaxias population. Side-braid habitat is likely to be vital for the survival of dwarf galaxias in the Wairau River, providing habitat, abundant invertebrate food and refuge from both physical and biological disturbances. Side-braids also appear to provide ideal foraging habitat for black-fronted terns (Sterna albostriata) which feed on dwarf galaxias and other small fishes during their breeding season. Ensuring that water abstraction at the proposed water intake does not cause the frequency and duration of occurrence of flows <= 22 m3/s to exceed natural rates should avoid exacerbating low-flow impacts on dwarf galaxias and foraging area for black-fronted terns downstream |
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effects of military jet overflights on Dall's sheep in interior Alaska : report to the Department of the Air Force / |
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effects of patch shape and connectivity on nest site selection and reproductive success of the indigo bunting A second objective of my study was to evaluate the efficacy of conservation corridors for disturbance-dependent bird species. Conservation corridors have become a popular strategy to preserve biodiversity and promote gene flow in fragmented landscapes, but corridors may also have negative consequences. I tested the hypothesis that corridors can increase nest predation risk in connected patches relative to unconnected patches. Nest predation rates increased significantly in connected patches compared to unconnected rectangular patches, but were similar between connected patches and unconnected edgy patches. This suggests that the increase in predator activity in connected patches is largely attributable to edge effects incurred through the addition of a corridor. This is the first landscape-scale study to experimentally demonstrate the potential negative effects of conservation corridors |
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Effects of pest control on forest invertebrates in Tongariro National Park : preliminary results / |
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Effects of Poor Knights Islands Marine Reserve on demersal fish populations / |
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effects of prescribed burning on deer and elk habitat parameters in Montana's Missouri River Breaks The use of prescribed fire as a management tool without adversely effecting deer and elk populations looks promising. Prescribed fire can be used to improve habitat for mule deer and elk. The prescribed fire maintained sufficient thermal and hiding cover levels while increasing total forb cover including many important species considered important for mule deer |
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Effects of selection logging on amphibian diversity and abundance in shade-tolerant hardwood forests of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Despite amphibians' widely acknowledged importance in forest ecosystems, they are rarely included in forest management plans. Very little is known about the effects of, or amphibian response to, timber management. To determine whether and if so, how selection logging affects amphibians in shade-tolerant hardwood forests, I compared amphibian habitat concurrently with amphibian diversity and abundance in managed (logged) and unmanaged (unlogged) forest stands in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario. Selection logging significantly altered aspects of shade-tolerant hardwood forest habitat on which amphibians are known to depend. However, with the exception of American toads (Bufo americanus) that were more abundant in managed stands, the overall diversity and abundance of amphibians did not differ significantly between managed and unmanaged areas. Therefore, I concluded that selection logging does not alter hardwood forest habitat to the degree that it negatively affects amphibian diversity or abundance. Implications of this conclusion are discussed |
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Effects of selective logging on arboreal lichens used by Selkirk caribou |
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Effects of temperature on survival and growth of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout implications for conservation and restoration / Westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi have declined throughout their native range in the Northern Rockies and were considered for listing under the federal Endangered Species Act. Water temperature is widely regarded as playing a key role in determining their persistence, but specific lethal levels and thermal optima for this cutthroat trout subspecies had not been precisely defined. This laboratory study used the acclimated chronic exposure method to determine tolerances and thermal optima of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, a potential nonnative competitor now occupying much of the former range of westslope cutthroat trout. Rainbow trout had a distinct survival advantage over westslope cutthroat trout at warmer temperatures. The ultimate upper incipient lethal temperature (temperature at which 50% of the population survives for 60-d) of rainbow trout (24.30C; 95% CI, 24.0-24.70C) was 4.70C higher than that of westslope cutthroat trout (19.60C; 95% CI, 19.1-19.90C). In contrast, the optimum growth temperature for westslope cutthroat trout (13.60C; 95% CI, 10.3-17.00C) over the 60-d test period was very similar to that of rainbow trout (13.10C; 95% CI, 6.8-18.20C), although rainbow trout grew better over a wider range and at higher temperatures than did westslope cutthroat trout. The upper lethal and optimum growth temperatures for westslope cutthroat trout are in the lower range among most salmonids. The higher upper temperature tolerance of rainbow trout and its greater ability for growth at warmer temperatures may account for its increased occurrence at lower elevations than cutthroat trout. Water quality standards setting maximum daily temperatures from 13-150C, near the optimum growth temperature, would ensure suitable thermal habitat to maintain the persistence of westslope cutthroat trout populations. In addition, survival and growth parameters indicated in this study can be used with stream temperature modeling to predict suitable habitat for westslope cutthroat trout, as they may be particularly susceptible to increases in stream temperature associated with climate change. Such predictions of habitat suitability will be vital in prioritizing conservation efforts with respect to reintroduction and translocation of westslope cutthroat trout |
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Effects of timber harvesting on terrestrial salamander abundance and behavior We also tested whether poorly fed salamanders exhibited risk-sensitive foraging in a dry environment in a laboratory experiment. Poorly fed salamanders were observed out of their simulated burrows less than well fed salamanders suggesting salamanders, particularly females and small adults, are risk-averse |
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Effects of tourism on marine mammals in New Zealand / |
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Effects of tundra vehicle activity on polar bears (Ursus maritimus) at Churchill, Manitoba |
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Effects of weather on breeding ducks in North Dakota / |
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Effects of wolf predation on recruitment of black-tailed deer on northeastern Vancouver Island |
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Elasmobranch fisheries management techniques |
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Elasmoworld biological & reference database This site contains information, a bibliographical database, and links to resources on elasmobranchs (sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras) |
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Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date / |
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empirical assessment of factors precluding recovery of sauger in the lower Yellowstone River movement, habitat use, exploitation, and entrainment / |
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EMYSystem "The EMYSystem is an information repository supporting global turtle conservation. Our goal is to collect and provide current and historical data about turtle locations ... Unique to this site is our searchable World Turtle Database, where you can find more information about where various turtle species have been found." |
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Endangered species bulletin ... highlights - 2006 to present |
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Endangered species in endangered spaces Provides information on some of the rare and endangered plants and animals in the Thompson-Okanagan region of British Columbia. Provides access to museum information, digitized pictures and maps, plus lesson plans compatible with the high school curriculum |
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Energetics of activity in the abalone, Haliotis kamtschatkana |
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English names of North American butterflies occuring north of Mexico |
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Enhancing the emergency disease response capability of the Western Australian Department of Fisheries and industry bodies associated with freshwater crayfish / |
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Environment, development, and growth of fishes : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in St Andrews, U.K., 5-8 July 1999 / - UW restricted |
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Environmental enrichment for captive eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) This study shows that the captive housing environment can negatively or positively influence the physiology and behavior of box turtles. Housing modifications that encourage typical species specific behavior should be provided. For the box turtle these would include substrate in which to dig and items that permit hiding |
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Environmental requirements and tolerances of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) with special reference to Western Australia : a review / |
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EPBC Act administrative guidelines on significance. Supplement for the grey-headed flying-fox, 2003-2004 : what you need to know about the grey-headed flying-fox for the 2003-2004 fruit season |
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EPBC Act administrative guidelines on significance. Supplement for the spectacled flying-fox, 2003-2004 : what you need to know about the spectacled flying-fox for the 2003-2004 fruit season |
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Ephemeroptera galactica the ephemeropterists' home page, or, Everything you ever wanted to know about mayflies Site includes news and information about mayflies, current events, a digital library of mayfly publications, Michael D. Hubbard's Bibliography of the Ephemeroptera, catalogs and faunal lists of mayflies, illustrations and photographs, links to other mayfly resources, and a who's who of mayfly researchers |
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Equids zebras, asses, and horses : status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Especes fauniques menacees ou vulnerables au Quebec Information on threatened and endangered animals in Quebec |
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estimate of breeding females in the Bathurst herd of barren-ground caribou, June 2006 / |
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estimate of herd size for the migratory Dolphin and Union caribou herd during the rut (17-22 October 1997) / |
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Estimates of the number of barren-ground caribou in the Cape Bathurst and Bluenose-West herds and reindeer/caribou on the upper Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula derived using post calving photography, July 2006 / |
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Estimating detection probabilities for terrestrial salamanders in Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
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Estuarine and lagoon fish and fisheries : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles annual symposium held in Hull, U.K., 8-12 July 2002 / - UW restricted |
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Ethiopian wolf status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Eurasian insectivores and tree shrews status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Eurasian Tortricidae |
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European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) outbreaks : a review of the literature / |
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European journal of entomology - 2009 |
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Evaluation and monitoring of wild/natural steelhead trout production annual progress report : period covered, January 1, 1995 - December 31, 1995 / |
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Evaluation of abundance indices for striped skunks, common raccoons, and Virginia opossums in southern Wisconsin / |
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evaluation of grizzly bear-human conflict in the Northwest Boreal Region of Alberta (1991 to 2000) and potential mitigation |
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Evaluation of habitat suitability models for elk and cattle |
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Evaluation of kiwi advocacy programmes in Northland and Coromandel / |
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evaluation of the ferruginous hawk population in Alberta based on recent trend data |
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Evaluation of U.S. turtle protective measures under existing TED regulations, including estimates of shrimp trawler related turtle mortality in the wider Caribbean |
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Evaluations of duck habitat and estimation of duck population sizes with a remote-sensing-based system / During 1987-90 high-altitude photography, aerial videography, counts, and models to estimate sizes of breeding populations of dabbling ducks and duck production and to identify duck habitat on U.S. fish and Wildlife Service land and easements and on private land in the prairie pothole region of the United States |
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Evolution and function of the jaw musculature and adductor chamber of archosaurs (crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds) Crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds are part of successful group of reptiles known as archosaurs, little is known about the evolution of the adductor chamber, which includes the jaw musculature, trigeminal nerves, and particular blood vessels, hindering hypotheses of homology and feeding function in fossil taxa such as crocodyliforms and non-avian dinosaurs. First, I review the cephalic musculature of dinosaurs and identify problems and prospects involved in inferring feeding form and function in the clade. Second, using a flamingo as a case study, I introduce a new CT imaging/dissection methodology that enables 3D visualization of cephalic vasculature and differentiation of adductor chamber contents. Third, I develop a robust hypothesis of jaw muscle homology by analyzing the topological patterns of soft tissues in the adductor chambers of extant reptiles. Fourth, I identify major evolutionary changes in the orbitotemporal region (e.g., trigeminal nerve, braincase, palate) during the evolution of crocodilians. Fifth, I identify major evolutionary changes in the orbitotemporal region of dinosaurs with respect to the evolution of birds. Sixth, I discuss the evolution of cranial kinesis and its functional significance in dinosaurs and other reptiles. The general results were: 1) Flamingos have a novel vascular device associated with the hyolingual system. 2) Crocodylians have a novel soft-tissue topological pattern that violates the trigeminal topological paradigm. 3) Sensory branches of the trigeminal nerves are topologically conservative and represent evolutionarily stable dermatomes. 4) Despite the suturing of the palate to the braincase early in their evolution, the epipterygoid was a persistent structure in the skull of crocodyliforms, evolved several different morphotypes, and was not eliminated until recently along the lines to modern crocodylians. 5) The trigeminal nerve, protractor muscles, and epipterygoid exhibit mosaic evolution among dinosaurs and prove to be phylogenetically and functionally informative structures. 6) Dinosaurs do not exhibit the suite of morphological characters indicative of cranial kinesis which suggests that intracranial synovial joints may more likely be related to growth rather than feeding function. Hence, jaw musculature and its neighboring tissues in the adductor chamber are key cephalic structures that exhibit characteristic morphological, functional, and phylogenetic patterns among extant and fossil archosaurs |
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evolution of a physiological system the pulmonary surfactant system in diving mammals / |
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Evolution of caste in Neotropical swarm-founding wasps (Hymenoptera:Vespidae:Epiponini) / |
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evolution of semiochemicals in Australian marsupials The aim of this project was to study the nature and relative proportion of the volatile components in the sternal-gland secretions obtained from a wide range of Australian marsupials. The results obtained were then used to investigate the evolution of semiochemicals in Australian marsupials by using the current phylogenetic tree as a template. The initial part of the study was dedicated to the investigation of some of the techniques available for the sampling and analysis of gland secretions. Individuals from 8 families within the Marsupialia and 1 family from the Monotremata were sampled over an 18 month period. The obtained results were then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis followed by cladistic analysis. In several species the secretion composition was found to be affected by the breeding status of individuals for both genders. Many other factors such as animal-age, hierarchical status, diet, and lifestyle were also observed to affect the secretion composition. Finally, cladistic analysis demonstrated the differences in the levels of divergence at the species, familial, and ordinal levels and highlighted secretion components that could be used to differentiate between superfamilies, species, and even sexual status of individuals |
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Evolutionary genetics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) : molecular markers and applications / |
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Evolutionary genetics of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) in the Australian region |
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examination of two unconventional methods to assess resource use by two New Brunswick forest mammals the marten and the northern flying squirrel / |
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Exploring possible mechanisms for the decline of the Bathurst herd of barren-ground caribou using demographic modeling / |
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Factors affecting nesting success of American oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) in North Carolina |
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Factors affecting possum re-infestation--implications for management / |
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Factors affecting the distribution of fish : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Conwy, North Wales, 5-9 July 1993 / - UW restricted |
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Families of Parasitiformes in soil This is a key to the adult females of 43 families and 3 superfamilies of soil-inhabiting parasitiform mites and was built in Lucid Professional Version 2.0. The key is meant to be comprehensive for the known Australian soil fauna, including previously unpublished records, but also identifies mites that have not yet (and may never be) been found in Australia, e.g. Epicriidae, Zerconoidea, Arctacaridae, Seiodidae, and Pyrosejidae. Zerconoidea, Thinozerconoidea, and Uropodoidea are identified only to the superfamily level. Zerconoidea (2 families) and Thinozerconoidea (3 families) are not known from Australia |
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FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes: eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and western central Pacific (fishing area 71) / |
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Farm-raised channel catfish |
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Fauna of the national parks of the United States. Fauna series |
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Feasibility assessment for reintroducing fishers to Washington |
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Feasibility of immunocontraception for managing stoats in New Zealand / |
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Feathers, flyways, and fast food / |
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feeding biology and potential impact of introduced giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) are extralimital (non-native) to the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa yet they have and continue to be introduced to the region. Financial gain has arguably been the driving force behind these introductions as foreign tourists associate giraffe with Africa and the African wildlife experience. This raises a number of ethical, ecological, and philosophical questions, especially when it is considered that the impact of these browsers on the indigenous vegetation has remained largely unquantified. In this study I assessed the diet and potential impact of three populations of giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province between January 2002 and October 2003. The diet was assessed by both direct observations and faecal analysis. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the results of the two methods of analysis, although direct observations appeared to be a superior method for assessing the diet of giraffe. The diet of giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province was similar to that within their native range with a deciduous species from the genus Acacia (Acacia karroo) being the most important component of the diet. However, giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province consumed more evergreen plant species than those within their native range. The relative lack of deciduous species in the Eastern Cape Province provides a likely explanation for such a result. Seasonal variation in the consumption of the most important species in the diet was evident and this was attributed to the deciduous nature of A. karroo and the seasonal growth of new shoots which were more palatable. The vegetation of the areas most commonly utilised by giraffe at each site was sampled using the point-centred-quarter method and the results related to the frequency of each species in the diet to calculate preference indices. Giraffe preference was strongest for A. karroo and this was attributed to the highly favourable chemical composition of the species. The browse utilisation of giraffe at each site was determined using the twig-length method and intake rates for the three most important species in the diet calculated using a pre-existing regression equation. Male giraffe fed at a higher rate than females. This was probably due to males adopting a "time-minimising" strategy to their feeding in order to allow more time for reproductive pursuits. Giraffe browse utilisation was highest where giraffe density was highest. However, several species were more heavily browsed than others even when giraffe density was low, suggesting that giraffe are capable of negatively affecting the indigenous flora of the province. I conclude that giraffe numbers should be reduced relative to property size in the Eastern Cape Province and that research into the impact of not only giraffe but the combined effects of giraffe and other extralimital herbivores on the indigenous flora and fauna be continued |
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Female dispersal and inbreeding in the red-cockaded woodpecker Despite documented costs of close inbreeding and a predictable spatial distribution of closely related males near the natal territory, female fledglings disperse a median of only two territories and a modal distance of one territory. Natal dispersal of females is affected by closely related males on the natal site but unaffected by closely related males or moderately related males that are off the natal site |
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feral.org.au This website and database contains information on vertebrate pest animal species in Australia and New Zealand. The type of information includes: published and unpublished research, technical reports, management practices, threat abatement plans, and legislation. Whilst some full-text information is provided, this site does not reproduce documents available online elsewhere, but rather provides a short summary and link to where the full-text can be accessed |
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FHR currents R-5's Fish Habitat Relationships technical bulletin - (USDA Forest Service) 1990 to present |
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Fiches d'identification du plancton - 1986 |
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Fiches d'identification du zooplancton - 1939 to 1983 |
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field guide to Alaskan corals / |
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Field guide to anemone fishes and their host sea anemones Permits quick and accurate identification of the invertebrate hosts, as well as the fishes, through well-illustrated, easy-to-use keys and underwater photographs |
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Field guide to common western grasshoppers / |
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Field guide to freshwater mussels of the Midwest / |
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Field guide to requiem sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi:Carcharhinidae) of the western North Atlantic / |
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Field identification guide to the sharks and rays of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden / |
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Field identification of katipo / |
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Field key to the freshwater fishes of British Columbia |
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Field methods for rodent studies in Asia and the Indo-Pacific |
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field protocol to monitor cavity-nesting birds |
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Fieldiana. Zoology - (Internet Archive) 1945 to present |
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Final recovery plan, southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) |
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Final revised recovery plan for the southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) |
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Fine-scale abundance estimates from the 2000/2001 aerial survey of Hector's dolphins on the South Island West Coast / |
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First transfer of Campbell Island teal (Anas nesiotis) to Campbell Island/Motu Ihupuku : husbandry and transfer / |
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Fish as models of behaviour : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Norwich, U.K. 30 June-4 July 2003 / - UW restricted |
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Fish biodiversity and conservation : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Leicester, U.K., 9-13 July 2001 / - UW restricted |
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Fish communities of Lake Whangape : February 2001 survey / |
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Fish ecomorphology predicting habitat preferences of stream fishes from their body shape / This research tested the ability of fish morphology to predict membership of fishes in habitat guilds, their swimming performance, and habitat preference. Further, it considered methods for choosing a surrogate species to identify habitat of target species. Morphological discriminant functions were developed using morphological traits of fishes from one river to identify membership in two habitat guild systems (mesohabitat and microhabitat). Functions were then used to test factors influencing classification success of holdout tests and validated using fishes of a second river. Morphology was only partly successful (50%) at predicting membership in habitat guilds. Morphology identified species by shape, i.e., classifying test species into guilds with members of their genus, but not habitat use, because morphology and habitat were not strongly linked through function. By improving guild definition, relationships between morphology and habitat (Froude number) were identified for all fish groups examined (darters, benthic minnows, pelagic minnows, and suckers). Relationships were not transferable among groups. Further, morphology of eight minnows was linked to swimming performance, a key task for using habitat, in lab measurements of critical swimming speeds. In turn, swimming performance was related to habitat (Froude number). Morphology will be most successful at predicting habitat use of fishes when (1) more, discrete guilds are used, (2) guilds are identified within families, (3) variation in lifestyles (benthic vs. pelagic) is considered, and (4) key tasks related to using habitat are strongly associated with morphology. Finally, Iexamined a phylogenetic approach to identifying useable habitat. Closely related surrogate species were not more accurate in identifying habitat of target species than surrogates chosen by other methods |
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Fish feeding ecology and digestion : GUTSHOP '98 : symposium proceedings / |
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Fish habitat conditions : using the Northern/Intermountain Regions' inventory procedures for detecting differences on two differently managed watersheds / |
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Fish habitat ecology and conservation : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Bangor, U.K., 18-22 July 2005 / - UW restricted |
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Fish in estuaries : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles/Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association Symposium, held in Southampton, U.K. 18-22 July 1988 / - UW restricted |
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Fish life history strategies : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles, 25th Anniversary Symposium, held at the University of Liverpool 13-17 July 1992 / - UW restricted |
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Fish population biology : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Symposium : held in Aberdeen, U.K. 17-21 July 1989 in collaboration with the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland and dedicated to Professor R.J.H. Beverton / - UW restricted |
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Fish population dynamics in Max Lake, a softwater Wisconsin lake subject to ground-water pumping / |
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Fish population structure : implications to conservation : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in Aberdeen, Scotland, U.K., 10-14 July 2006 / - UW restricted |
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Fish populations in a tidal estuary in Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand, from 1971 to 2004 / |
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Fish research project Oregon evaluation of the success of supplementing Imnaha River steelhead with hatchery reared smolts : phase one : completion report / |
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Fish species of Saskatchewan |
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Fish species of special concern in California |
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Fishes of National Park of American Samoa An alphabetical list of the scientific names of fishes recorded from waters in and near the park. Each fish name is linked (click on the scientific name) to its individual family. Within the family, if a fish is illustrated click on the thumbnail image to link to the large photograph page. There are also indexes to both Samoan and English common names of at least the fish families. Names in these indexes are linked to the family pages (click on the name). Macrons are not included over the Samoan names since their transmission becomes garbled with different internet browsers |
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Fishes of the Dakotas species checklist |
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Fishes of the Murray-Darling Basin : an introductory guide / |
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Fishes of Wisconsin / |
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Florida manatee recovery plan (Trichechus manatus latirostris) |
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Florida panther (Felis concolor coryi) recovery plan |
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Florida panther net |
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Florida wildlife |
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Fluctuations in possum numbers in the Pararaki Valley, Haurangi State Forest Park / Summarises annual possum-trapping and necropsy data collected from permanent trap lines in the Pararaki Valley, Haurangi State Forest Park, from 1965 to 1977. The data is compared with similar data gathered elsewhere in New Zealand |
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FlyBase a database of the Drosophila genome FlyBase is a comprehensive database for information on the genetics and molecular biology of Drosophila. It includes data of the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, the European Drosophila Genome Project, and data curated from the literature. Areas covered include information on more than 38,000 alleles of more than 11,000 genes, descriptions of over 13,300 chromosomal aberrations, Drosophila genetic map information, and lists of stock center and private lab Drosophila stocks |
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Foraging ecology of the early life stages of four shark species (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, Carcharhinus limbatus, Carcharhinus isodon, and Carcharhinus brevipinna) in Apalachicola Bay, Florida |
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Foraging, ecology, and nutrition of Stone's sheep |
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Forest and rangeland birds of the United States : natural history and habitat use / |
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Fort Providence moose census - (Northwest Territories. Environment and Natural Resources) 1994 to 1997 |
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Foxes, wolves, jackals, and dogs : an action plan for the conservation of canids / |
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Freshwater amphipods Nearly 60 freshwater shrimps of the family Gammaridae (genera Echinogammarus and Laurogammarus) are described, depicted, with full synonymy and literature databases |
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Freshwater bryozoan records from Wisconsin / |
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Freshwater fishes of the Columbia Basin in British Columbia |
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Freshwater mussel (Unionoida) genera of the world |
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Freshwater mussels of the Pacific Northwest / |
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Fruit neighborhoods and interactions between birds and plants in Puerto Rico |
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Functional morphology and evolution of marsupial moles (Marsupialia, Notoryctemorphia) |
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Fusilier fishes of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of caesionid species known to date / |
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FWS publications online |
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Gadiform fishes of the world : order Gadiformes : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers, and other gadiform fishes known to date / |
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genera of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) in the New World / |
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general status of Alberta wild species, 2005 |
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generic-level revision of the spider subfamily Coelotinae (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) / |
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Genetic affinities of Hochstetter's frog (Leiopelma hochstetteri) populations in the Bay of Plenty / |
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Genetic analyses of carp, goldfish, and carp-goldfish hybrids in New Zealand / |
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Genetic aspects of viability in small wolf populations : with special emphasis on the Scandinavian wolf population : report from an international expert workshop at Farna Herrgard, Sweden, 1st-3rd May 2002 / |
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Genetic protein variation in Atlantic salmon : SALGEN project workshop held at the FRS Marine Laboratory in Aberdeen U.K., 12-15 June 2002 / - UW restricted |
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genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots, and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska / Genetic data were collected from common murres, pigeon guillemots, marbled murrelets, and Kittlitz's murrelets (all which were slow to recover in the Gulf of Alaska after the Exxon Valdez oil spill) in order to estimate genetic differentiation and gene flow among regions and genetic variability and inbreeding within regions. The regions ranged from the Sea of Okhotsk to the Farallon Islands of California |
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Geographic information systems in wildlife management : a case study using yellow-eyed penguin nest site data / |
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Gorilla : report on the conservation status of gorillas / |
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grasshopper Sigaus minutus in central Otago : a pilot study / |
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Grasshoppers (Acrididae) of Colorado identification, biology, and management / |
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Grasshoppers of Wyoming and the West Links to resources on grasshoppers of Wyoming and the West, including digital republication of materials that originally appeared in print |
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Grassland species of common conservation concern Especies de los pastizales de interes comun para la conservacion : report on the first trinational workshop, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico, March 21-23, 2001 / |
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Gravel burrowing ability in Galaxias cobitinis / Galaxias cobitinis (lowland longjaw galaxias) is a recently described, critically threatened fish, which occurs predominantly in the gravel-bed Kauru River, North Otago, New Zealand. This river experiences frequent droughts, which are exacerbated by water abstraction, and is an important site for gravel abstraction. Loose cobbles with large interstitial spaces are important habitat for G. cobitinis. However, gravel abstraction has reduced overall particle size, and thus interstitial space, and has led to increased embeddedness and the area of river bed covered by sand. Furthermore, during low flow periods, the area of useable habitat can be reduced to isolated groundwater-connected pools. This study investigates the survival strategy of G. cobitinis in relation to these issues. We experimentally tested the ability of G. cobitinis to burrow through gravels of differing compositions collected from an area disturbed by gravel abstraction activities, and from an unmodified section of the river bed. G. cobitinis was able to burrow into both substratum types; however, burrowing capabilities were significantly greater in undisturbed substratum samples. The influence of stable or declining water levels was also tested; however, this did not influence burrowing propensity. Importantly, G. cobitinis had limited tolerance to periods without water. Collectively, our results indicate that drought survival may be dependent on the presence of large interstitial spaces, which provide a quickly accessible route through the gravels into subsurface or hyporheic flows. Habitat modification that leads to the loss of interstitial space and prolonged drought is likely to be detrimental to the persistence of G. cobitinis in the Kauru River |
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Gray whales of Washington State natural history and photographic catalog / |
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Gray wolves in and adjacent to Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota : research and synthesis, 1987-1991 / |
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Great blue herons in Puget Sound / |
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great whales : history and status of six species listed as endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973 / |
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Greater sage-grouse and sagebrush-steppe ecosystems management guidelines These management guidelines and the supporting background information are intended to promote the conservation of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and their sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats on Oregon and Washington public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) |
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Grebes status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Grey petrels (Procellaria cinerea) on Antipodes Island, New Zealand research feasibility, April to June 2001 / |
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Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) studies in the Northwest Territories final report to the West Kitikmeot/Slave Study Society. Component no. 1, Nutritional ecology / |
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Grizzly bear and black bear ecology |
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Grizzly bear conservation in the Alberta Yellowhead ecosystem a strategic framework / |
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Grizzly bear management plan for southwestern Montana |
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Grizzly bear recovery plan |
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Ground-based inventory methods for selected ungulates moose, elk, and deer / Ground-based inventory methods for selected ungulates moose, elk, and deer / - inventory dataforms |
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Groupers of the world (Family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date / |
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Guide d'identification des ressources marines vivantes du Maroc = Dalil tarif al-mawarid al-bahriyah al-hayyah fi al-Maghrib / |
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guide to good otolith cutting / |
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guide to monitoring reef fish in the National Park Service's South Florida/Caribbean Network |
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guide to nestling development and aging in altricial passerines / "We present nestling data on seven species of altricial passerines: Dusky Flycatcher (Empidonax oberhoseri), Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), Wrentit (Chamea fasciata), Sprague's Pipit (Anthus spragueii), Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), Chestnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus), and American Goldfinch (Cardeulis tristis)"--P. 4 |
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Guide to Palearctic flea beetle genera (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae:Alticinae) |
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guide to restoring inanga habitat |
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guide to the bird notes of Grace McCormac French of Yamhill County, Oregon / |
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guide to the genera of mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae) of Thailand with illustrated keys, biological notes, and preservation and mounting techniques |
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Guide to the grasshoppers of Wisconsin / |
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guide to the land snails of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar |
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Guide to the siricid woodwasps of North America / |
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guide to the Thalassinidea (Crustacea:Malacostraca:Decapoda) of the South Atlantic Bight / Ghost shrimp and mud shrimp in the decapod infraorder Thalassinidea are ecologically important members of many benthic intertidal and shallow subtidal infaunal communities, largely due to the sediment filtration and mixing that result from their burrowing and feeding behavior. These activities considerably modify their immediate environment and have made these cryptic animals extremely interesting to scientists in terms of their behavior, ecology, and classification. Over 20 years ago, seven species of thalassinideans were known from the South Atlantic Bight (Cape Hatteras, NC to Cape Canaveral, FL). During this study, the examination of extensive collections from the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), the Southeastern Regional Taxonomic Center (SERTC), and regional institutions, resulted in the identification of 14 species of thalassinideans currently known to occur within this region. The family Axiidae is represented by three species: Axius armatus, Calaxius jenneri, and Paraxiopsis gracilimana; the Callianassidae by six: Biffarius biformis, B. cf. fragilis, Callichirus major, Cheramus marginatus, Gilvossius setimanus, and Necallianassa berylae; the Calocarididae by two: Calocaris templemani and Acanthaxius hirsutimanus; and the families Laomediidae, Thomassiniidae, and Upogebiidae are each represented by one: Naushonia crangonoides, Crosniera wennerae, and Upogebia affinis, respectively. An illustrated key is presented for species level identification and supplemental notes on the ecology, distribution, and taxonomy of the species are provided |
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Guidelines for surveying and monitoring long-tailed bat populations using line transects / |
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Guidelines for vertebrate surveys in South Australia using the Biological Survey of South Australia |
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Guidelines on avoidance of introductions of non-native waterbird species / |
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Gypsy moth in North America Describes the introduction and spread of the gypsy moth in North America and some of the eradication programs currently underway. Includes links to other gypsy moth information centers |
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Habitat associations of introduced smallmouth bass and native signal crayfish of Lake Whatcom, Washington during November 1998 / |
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Habitat characteristics of jewelled gecko (Naultinus gemmeus) sites in dry parts of Otago / |
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Habitat conditions and water quality for selected watersheds of Hood Canal and the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca - v.1 Habitat conditions and water quality for selected watersheds of Hood Canal and the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca - v.2 |
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Habitat conservation plan for Washington State Department of Natural Resources' geoduck fishery |
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Habitat hotline |
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Habitat relationships and life history of the Rota bridled white-eye (Zosterops rotensis) The Rota bridled white-eye (Zosterops rotensis) (Aves, Passeriformes) has experienced a severe population decline and range restriction over the last four decades. Little is known about this species and factors involved in the decline and range restriction are unclear. This study examined the potential roles of habitat alteration, introduced black drongos (Dicrurus macrocercus), and introduced rats in the decline and gathered more information on the behavior and breeding biology of this species. New life history data were collected and Rota and Saipan bridled white-eyes were found to differ in nest site characteristics and some behaviors. The importance of habitat alteration was assessed by examining Rota bridled white-eye habitat relationships at the microhabitat, within-range, Sabana-wide, and island-wide levels. Rota bridled white-eyes show a preference for high elevation wet forest but what drives their distribution within their current range was unclear. However, the alteration of this forest type by supertyphoon Roy in 1988 was probably the major factor in the decline of Rota BWEs between 1982 and 1996. Black drongo and Rota bridled white-eye relationships were addressed using current and historical survey data. Black drongos were found to prey on Rota bridled white-eyes but they probably only played at most a partial role in the decline of the Rota bridled white-eye. Introduced rats densities were assessed in Rota bridled white-eye areas and on other areas of the island and no evidence for rat numbers limiting Rota bridled white-eyes to their current range was found |
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Habitat relationships of deer and ruffed grouse in central Wisconsin / |
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Habitat requirements and foraging ecology of the Madagascar fish-eagle / The results of this study indicate that Madagascar fish-eagles require bodies of water with large shoreline trees and an ample fish population. I recommend greater protection of aquatic habitats, monitoring and management of freshwater fish populations, and education of local people in sustainable tree harvesting practices |
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Habitat selection : demography and individual decisions / Overall, I show that constraints acting on individual habitat selection result in a greater proportion of individuals breeding in poorer habitats than would be expected from ideal selection, which has consequences for population persistence |
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Habitat selection and breeding ecology of the endangered Chatham Island oystercatcher (Haematopus chathamensis) / |
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Habitat selection by pygmy rabbits in southeast Idaho / |
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Habitat suitability index models |
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Habitat suitability index models. Barred owl / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Beaver / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Blue grouse / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Clapper rail / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Coastal stocks of striped bass / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Ferruginous hawk |
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Habitat suitability index models. Greater sandhill crane |
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Habitat suitability index models. Inland silverside / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Larval and juvenile red drum / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Marten / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Mink |
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Habitat suitability index models. Mottled duck / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Osprey |
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Habitat suitability index models. Pronghorn / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Redhead (wintering) / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Snapping turtle / |
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Habitat suitability index models. Veery |
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Habitat suitability index models. Veery / |
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Habitat suitability index models. White ibis / |
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Habitat use and the effects of disturbance on wintering birds using riparian habitats in Sonora, Mexico To place my own bird survey data in a broader context, I appended a compilation of more than 48,500 records from between 1849 and 2006 on the birds of Sonora from published accounts, museum specimens, and my own field work. They include a total of 533 species, nine of which were added from the compilation and my own field work. I also discuss the status of other species for the State's inventory |
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Habitat use decisions by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) and tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) in a subtropical seagrass ecosystem |
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habitat-based point-count protocol for terrestrial birds, emphasizing Washington and Oregon / |
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Hakes of the world (family Merlucciidae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of hake species known to date / |
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Handbook for timber and mule deer management co-ordination on winter ranges in the Cariboo Forest Region / |
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Handbook of field methods for monitoring landbirds / |
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Harlequin duck monitoring in the northern east slopes of Alberta 1998-2000 preliminary results / |
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Harlequin duck research in Kananaskis Country in 2000 |
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Harlequin duck surveys of the Oldman River basin |
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Hatcheries and the protection of wild salmon Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC / |
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Hawaiian monk seal epidemiology plan health assessment and disease status studies / |
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Hawaiian monk seal in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 1994 / |
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Hawaiian monk seal in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 1997 |
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Hawaiian monk seal on Laysan Island - 1982 to 1991 |
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Hay-Zama Lakes waterfowl staging and bald eagle nesting monitoring program - (Alberta Conservation Association) 2003 to present |
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Healthy people, healthy wildlife : proceedings of the Second Australian Symposium on Traditional Medicine and Wildlife Conservation, Melbourne, Australia, March 1999 |
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Herpetological survey of southcentral Idaho / |
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Hexacorallians of the world sea anemones, corals, and their allies (orders Actiniaria, Antipatharia, Ceriantharia, Corallimorpharia, Ptychodactiaria, Scleractinia, and Zoanthidea) Catalog of species, bibliography of literature in which they were described, inventory of type specimens, distribution maps, and images |
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Hihi/stitchbird (Notiomystis cincta) recovery plan, 2004-09 / |
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Hinterland who's who |
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Historic and current factors that limit coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) production in the Stillaguamish River basin, Washington State implications for salmonid habitat protection and restoration / |
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historical analysis of habitat alteration in the Snohomish River valley, Washington, since the mid-19th century implications for Chinook and coho salmon |
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Historical population structure of Pacific salmonids in the Willamette River and the lower Columbia River basins / |
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History and current status of the Nahanni wood bison population / |
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History of pronghorn population monitoring, research, and management in Yellowstone National Park |
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holistic approach to taxonomic evaluation of two closely related endangered freshwater mussel species, the oyster mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis) and tan riffleshell (Epioblasma florentina walkeri) (Bivalvia:Unionidae) |
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Home range characteristics of eastern wild turkey gobblers in Wisconsin's Driftless Region / |
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Home range characteristics of sympatric moose and white-tailed deer in northern Minnesota Moose (Alces alces) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population numbers in northern Minnesota have fluctuated recently, possibly due to habitat changes, interspecific competition, and meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis). Little is known currently about the relative distribution and home range characteristics of sympatric moose and white-tailed deer in this area. Surveys were conducted during the winters of 1989 and 1991 to determine the relative distributions of moose and whitetailed deer pellet groups in Voyageurs National Park (VNP). Moose and white-tailed deer home ranges were determined using an adaptive kernel technique and applied to aerial radio telemetry relocations from 1989 to 1991. I examined the habitat selections of moose and white-tailed deer through compositional analysis at the home-range and core-area scales. Pellet transect data revealed a low abundance of moose and a high abundance of white-tailed deer and provided evidence of some spatial separation between moose and deer ranges in VNP. This evidence was supported by little interspecific home range overlap between radio collared moose and white-tailed deer. Moose home ranges in VNP were larger than any previously reported in the contiguous United States, and white-tailed deer home ranges were larger than any previously reported for the region. There was no apparent difference in home range sizes between the sexes for moose and white-tailed deer, although small sample sizes precluded precise statistical testing. Compositional analysis did not detect any habitat preference at the core-area scale for either moose or white-tailed deer. Both moose and white-tailed deer exhibited a significant preference for spruce/balsam fir habitats at the home-range scale. Canopy density and height preferences differed between moose and white-tailed deer at the homerange scale. Differential habitat preferences between moose and white-tailed deer in VNP might be related to the differences between these species' abilities to cope with northern mid-continent climates. The apparent spatial separation and different habitat preferences between moose and white-tailed deer might provide a refuge for moose from meningeal worm-infected white-tailed deer in VNP and could be a factor in the coexistence of the species |
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horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) demographic study We tagged 7,500 bled, adult horseshoe crabs to gain information on horseshoe crab population dynamics. From resight reports (N=121), we examined movement patterns and found average distance traveled was 29.8 miles and maximum distance traveled was 195 miles, suggesting mixing along the Atlantic coast. We found a 1.6% recovery rate of tagged crabs and tags found detached from crabs. 11.6% of our resights consisted of tags found detached from crabs. We use information gained in our study to suggest improvements for future tagging efforts that could lead to further knowledge of horseshoe crab population dynamics |
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House bat management / |
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How to assess insect biodiversity without wasting your time / |
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Hudson Bay narwhal This paper reviews the Aboriginal subsistence hunting of narwhals of Hudson Bay, the status of the narwhal resource in the Hudson Bay area (including stock delineation, stock size & trend, and sustainable hunting rate), and the outlook for the species in the area. Management considerations and factors potentially affecting the narwhal population are also briefly discussed |
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Hudson Bay-Foxe Basin bowhead whales This paper reviews the species biology of the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus), the Aboriginal subsistence hunting of bowheads, the status of the bowhead resource in the Foxe Basin & Hudson Bay area (including stock delineation, stock size & trend, and sustainable hunting rate), the sources of uncertainty in bowhead data, and the outlook for the species in the area. Management considerations and the extent of predation of bowheads are also briefly discussed |
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Humpback and blue whale photo-identification research off California, Oregon, and Washington in 1999 final report / |
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Humpback whales and other marine mammals off Costa Rica and surrounding waters, 1996-2001 report of the Oceanic Society 2001 field season in cooperation with Elderhostel volunteers / |
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Humpback whales and other marine mammals off Costa Rica and surrounding waters, 1996-2002 report of the Oceanic Society 2002 field season in cooperation with Elderhostel volunteers / |
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Humpback whales and other marine mammals off Costa Rica, 1996-2000 report of research during Oceanic Society Expeditions in 2000 in cooperation with Elderhostel volunteers / |
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Humpback whales and other marine mammals off Costa Rica, 1996-99 report of research during Oceanic Society Expeditions in 1999 in cooperation with Elderhostel volunteers / |
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Hunting pressure, deer populations, and vegetation impacts in the Kaimanawa Recreational Hunting Area / - Pages 1-17 Hunting pressure, deer populations, and vegetation impacts in the Kaimanawa Recreational Hunting Area / - Pages 18-47 |
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I can beat you one handed spiny lobster self defense after the loss of an antenna / |
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ICES identification leaflets for plankton = Fiches d'identification du plancton - 1992 to 2001 |
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Ichthyoplankton Ecology : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium held in Galway, Ireland, 8-11 July 1997 / - UW restricted |
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Idaho BLM technical bulletin - U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office - 1999+ |
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Identification guide to grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) in central Otago and Mackenzie Country / |
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identification manual for the freshwater snails of Florida |
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Identification Manual to the Small Mammals of British Columbia This manual covers the 83 native & introduced marsupial, insectivore, bat, lagomorph, and rodent species known to occur in British Columbia. It is intended as a standard reference for students & wildlife biologists identifying voucher specimens or animals captured during field studies. The manual has two independent sets of identification keys, one for whole animals or museum study skins and the other for cleaned skulls. Each species account includes a description, body measurements & weight, information on discriminating similar species, a range map, and illustrations of the species & its skull. Includes glossary |
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Identification of Columbia Basin sockeye salmon stocks using scale pattern analyses in .. - 2000 to present |
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Identification of genetic diversity for lizard conservation / |
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Identifying geckos in Otago / |
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Identifying the developmental stages of preserved eggs of snapper, Pagrus auratus, from Shark Bay, Wester Australia / |
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Identifying the links between nesting and foraging grounds for the olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtles in northern Australia final report to the Department of the Environment and Water Resources / |
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illegal trade in snow leopards a global perspective / |
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Illustrated key to the female Anopheles mosquitoes of Thailand |
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Illustrated key to the genera of free-living marine nematodes of the order Enoplida / |
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immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the ovary of the immature ostrich (Struthio camelus) The use of immunohistochemical procedures proved to be an excellent method to investigate the distribution of nerves in the ovary. The results of this study have shown that the ovary in the sexually immature ostrich is well-innervated. However, further studies are required to differentiate between cholinergic and adrenergic nerve fibres |
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Immunology and disease control mechanisms of fish : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Symposium held in Plymouth, Devon, U.K. 20-24 July 1987 / - UW restricted |
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Impact of fire on tussock grassland invertebrate populations / The invertebrate fauna of tussock grassland in New Zealand has not been well studied, and the effect of burning on the biodiversity of the ecosystem is poorly understood by land managers. The impacts of burning on two tussock grassland invertebrate communities in Otago, New Zealand, were investigated between 1998 and 2006. At each site, three replicate 1-ha plots that were unburned (control), or burned in spring or summer were sampled. Pre- and post-burn sampling compared invertebrate densities and trophic group structure in inter-tussock (turf) and tussock samples, and recovery after treatment. Most groups were initially reduced in density post-burn. In the 1-2 year period following treatment, Thysanoptera and Hemiptera "rebounded" and reached significantly higher population densities than before the fires. By the end of the study, Amphipoda had not recovered to pre-burn densities. In general, herbivore population densities recovered over a 2-3 year period, and litter-dwelling invertebrate population densities were most negatively impacted. Season of treatment had no major impact on invertebrate responses. Coleoptera were chosen as a representative group for more detailed investigations of responses at species level. Coleoptera species richness was reduced by about 50% at 2-3 months post-burn, but recovered to pre-burn levels 3 years later. There was no evidence of a change in the density of exotic Coleoptera following the burning treatments. Invertebrate data from these sites should be considered as case studies, rather than applicable to tussock grassland in general. However, these findings have several implications for the management of tussock grassland: fire treatments that remove the litter layer are likely to reduce litter-dwelling invertebrate populations for 3 years or more; summer fires do not appear to be more detrimental to the invertebrate community than burning in spring, based upon the limited seasonal data available to us; and the exotic component of the fauna does not increase in response to fire in the first 3-4 years after burning |
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Impact of Himalayan thar (Hemitragus jemlahicus) on snow tussock in the Southern Alps |
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Impacts of aerial 1080 possum control operations on North Island robins and moreporks at Pureora in 1997 and 1998 Describes the results from the second and third years of a three-year program to determine the costs and benefits of aerial 1080 possum control operations to North Island robins and moreporks in Pureora Forest Park. During the 1997/98 nesting season, the nesting success of robins was significantly better in the treatment area than in the non-treatment area |
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Impacts of forest harvesting on giant kokupu [sic], Ngakaroa Stream, Omataroa Forest, Bay of Plenty / |
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Impacts of mice and hedgehogs on native forest invertebrates : a pilot study / |
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Impacts of off-highway motorized vehicles on sensitive reptile species in Owyhee County, Idaho / |
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Impacts of wildlife and cattle grazing on spider (Araneae) biodiversity in a highland savanna ecosystem, in Laikipia, central Kenya Spider diversity, relative vegetation cover, and rainfall varied at a temporal scale of months and not at a spatial scale of hundreds of metres. Only species diversity and species richness from sweep-netting samples and total species from pitfall-trapping varied significantly at a spatial scale of hundreds of metres. Ordination analysis revealed that sweep-netting samples were a better indicator of grazing impacts than pitfalltrapping or combined samples and grouped to reflect cattle grazing, non-cattle grazing, and to a small extent the control treatments. Other ordination analyses showed that only samples from sweep-netting and not from pitfall-trapping, were spatially partitioned at a scale of hundreds of metres. This study concludes that the spider fauna of black cotton soil habitats is rich and useful for environmental monitoring and that monitoring of several individual species as indicator of grazing impacts in savanna could be useful and relatively easy |
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Impacts of wind farms on birds : a review / |
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Implementation of the Alberta piping plover recovery plan, 2002-2004 final program report / |
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Important bird areas in Lao P.D.R |
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Important bird areas of Canada Canada's Important Bird Areas program is a science-based initiative to identify, conserve, and monitor a network of sites that provide essential habitat for Canada's bird populations. The IBA program is an international conservation initiative co-ordinated by BirdLife International. The Canadian co-partners for the IBA program are Bird Studies Canada and Nature Canada |
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Independent populations of chinook salmon in Puget Sound / |
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Inexpensive camera systems for detecting martens, fishers, and other animals guidelines for use and standardization / |
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InfoNatura birds, mammals, and amphibians of Latin America A source for conservation information on the birds, mammals, and amphibians of Latin America and the Caribbean--more than 6,000 common, rare, and endangered species in 44 countries and territories. InfoNatura is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with conservation data centers in 10 Latin American and Caribbean countries |
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Information resources on fish welfare, 1970-2003 |
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Initial Snohomish River basin Chinook salmon conservation/recovery technical work plan |
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Insect identification To aid the public in the identification of most insects, the Texas A & M Dept. of Entomology has provided some useful identification methods on this page |
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Insects and related arthropods of North America This Web site provides access to site-specific lists of insects that occur at various parks, refuges, and management units within North America. The lists were authored, compiled and contributed to this Web site by various professional and amateur lepidopterists |
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Insects of Canada : a synopsis prepared for delegates to the XVIIIth International Congress of Entomology (Vancouver, 1988) |
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Integrating timber and wildlife in forest landscapes : a matter of scale : proceedings of the Habitat Futures Workshop at Pack Experimental Forest, Eatonville, Washington, October 16-20, 1989 / |
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Interactions between black-tailed deer and intensive forest management : problem analysis / |
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Interactions between sea turtles and the summer flounder trawl fishery, November, 1991-February, 1992 : a joint report from NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Beaufort Laboratory and North Carolina Department of |
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Interactions between the invasive New Zealand mud snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, baetid mayflies, and fish predators |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the black-winged pratincole, Glareola nordmanni / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the corncrake, Crex crex / - CMS site International single species action plan for the conservation of the corncrake, Crex crex / - AEWA site |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the Eurasian spoonbill, Platalea leucorodia / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the ferruginous duck, Aythya nyroca / - CMS site International single species action plan for the conservation of the ferruginous duck, Aythya nyroca / - AEWA site |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the great snipe, Gallinago media / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the lesser flamingo, Phoeniconaias minor / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the lesser white-fronted goose (western Palearctic population), Anser erythropus / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the light-bellied brent goose (east Canadian High Arctic population), Branta bernicla hrota / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the northern bald ibis, Geronticus eremita / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the sociable lapwing, Vanellus gregarius / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the the [sic] maccoa duck, Oxyura maccoa / |
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International single species action plan for the conservation of the white-headed duck, Oxyura leucocephala / |
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Internet field guide to birds An online field guide to the birds of the U.S. and Canada. Can be used to identify birds that have particular characteristics, to go directly to information about a particular bird, to generate a checklist of all the bird species in an area, and to obtain information for bird species within a specified group (e.g., all the owls) |
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introduction to Marmosops (Marsupialia:Didelphidae), with the description of a new species from Bolivia and notes on the taxonomy and distribution of other Bolivian forms / |
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invasive crab in the South Atlantic Bight friend or foe? / The green porcelain crab, Petrolisthes armatus, has recently invaded oyster reefs of the South Atlantic Bight at mean densities of up to several thousand individuals m-2. Despite the crab's tremendous densities and wide-spread occurrence, its population dynamics, the reasons for its success, and its ecological impacts have remained unknown. We used field monitoring in two estuaries of coastal Georgia to assess spatial and temporal patterns of distribution, demographics, reproduction, and effects on native crabs. We used field and mesocosm experiments with constructed oyster reef communities of varying native species richness and adult porcelain crab additions to assess why the invader is successful and how it impacts native species and communities. We found P. armatus distributed throughout the estuaries, primarily in the lower regions and low intertidal. Sex ratios were 1:1 throughout the year. During warmer months mean densities ranged from 1,000-11,000 crabs m-2, 20-90% of mature females were gravid, and numerous recruits were present. Despite decreases in density of 64->99% in the winter, populations rebounded in the spring. Maximum mean densities were 37 times the highest densities ever recorded and population fecundity exceeded that of the native range by an order of magnitude, but correlations did not show significant negative effects of P. armatus on native crabs. Field experiments suggested that invasion was successful due to tremendous recruitment overwhelming biotic resistance by native species richness or predation. The crab only needed structure to invade, but the presence of adult conspecifics significantly enhanced recruitment (i.e., intraspecific invasional meltdown). We documented several impacts on native biota, including the (1) suppression of oyster growth, benthic algal biomass, native crab recruitment, and native goby densities and the (2) enhancement of bivalve recruitment, macroalgal cover, and survivorship of oyster drills. We did not, though, see an effect on native taxonomic richness. The large direct and indirect effects of P. armatus on growth, survivorship, and recruitment of virtually all of the most common native species on oyster reefs in the short-term (4-12 weeks) and at relatively low experimental densities (750-1500 crabs m-2) imply considerable long-term consequences for a major hard-substrate habitat of the South Atlantic Bight |
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Invasive species : federal and selected state funding to address harmful, nonnative species : report to congressional committees / |
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Inventory and monitoring of amphibians in North Cascades and Olympic National Parks, 1995-1998 final report / |
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Inventory and monitoring of bald eagles and other raptorial birds of the Snake River, Idaho : 1998 bald eagle territory descriptions and raptor surveys, bald eagle productivity, 1998-2000 / |
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Inventory and preliminary habitat relationships of forest songbirds and other vertebrates in the Tofino Creek watershed, Vancouver Island, British Columbia / |
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Inventory methods for bats Inventory methods for bats - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for bears Inventory methods for bears - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for beaver and muskrat - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for beaver and muskrat |
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Inventory methods for colonial-nesting freshwater birds eared grebe, red-necked grebe, western grebe, American white pelican, and great blue heron / Inventory methods for colonial-nesting freshwater birds eared grebe, red-necked grebe, western grebe, American white pelican, and great blue heron / - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for forest and grassland songbirds Inventory methods for forest and grassland songbirds - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for hares and cottontails - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for hares and cottontails |
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Inventory methods for marsh birds bitterns and rails / Inventory methods for marsh birds bitterns and rails / - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for marten and weasels - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for marten and weasels |
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Inventory methods for medium-sized territorial carnivores coyote, red fox, lynx, bobcat, wolverine, fisher & badger / Inventory methods for medium-sized territorial carnivores coyote, red fox, lynx, bobcat, wolverine, fisher & badger / - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for moles and pocket gopher |
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Inventory methods for mountain beaver, bushy-tailed woodrat & porcupine Inventory methods for mountain beaver, bushy-tailed woodrat & porcupine - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for nighthawk and poorwill Inventory methods for nighthawk and poorwill - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for pikas and sciurids pikas, marmots, woodchuck, chipmunks, and squirrels / Inventory methods for pikas and sciurids pikas, marmots, woodchuck, chipmunks, and squirrels / - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for plethodontid salamanders Inventory methods for plethodontid salamanders - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for pond-breeding amphibians and painted turtle - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for pond-breeding amphibians and painted turtle |
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Inventory methods for raptors Inventory methods for raptors - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for riverine birds harlequin duck, belted kingfisher and American dipper / Inventory methods for riverine birds harlequin duck, belted kingfisher and American dipper / - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for small mammals shrews, voles, mice & rats / Inventory methods for small mammals shrews, voles, mice & rats / - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for snakes - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for snakes |
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Inventory methods for swallows and swifts Inventory methods for swallows and swifts - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for tailed frog and Pacific giant salamander Inventory methods for tailed frog and Pacific giant salamander - Inventory dataforms |
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Inventory methods for terrestrial arthropods - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for terrestrial arthropods |
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Inventory methods for waterfowl and allied species loons, grebes, swans, geese, ducks, American coot, and sandhill crane / - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for waterfowl and allied species loons, grebes, swans, geese, ducks, American coot, and sandhill crane / |
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Inventory methods for wolf and cougar - HTML Inventory methods for wolf and cougar - Inventory dataforms Inventory methods for wolf and cougar - PDF |
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Inventory methods for woodpeckers |
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Inventory of aquatic breeding amphibians, Mount Rainier National Park, 1994-1999 Inventory of aquatic breeding amphibians, Mount Rainier National Park, 1994-1999 - Appendix 3 |
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Invertebrate values of kanuka (Kunzea ericoides) stands, Gisborne region / |
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Invertebrates of the Columbia River basin assessment area / |
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Invertebrates seen on cereal baits : a study of video and manual observation methods / A comparison of a video observation method and a manual observation method of determining which invertebrates are at risk from pest mammal control programs |
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IUCN guidelines for re-introductions |
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IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group's African wild dog status survey and action plan (1997) |
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IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group guidelines for nonhuman primate re-introductions / |
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Jarbidge cooperative elk herd carrying capacity study: Nevada Division of Wildlife, Hunt Unit 072, Elko County, Nevada : 1999 annual report: preliminary estimates of 1999 elk summer range carrying capacity / |
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JCVI/TIGR reptile database "This database is intended to provide information on the classification of all living reptiles by listing all species and their pertinent higher taxa. The database therefore covers all living snakes, lizards, turtles, amphisbaenians, tuataras, and crocodiles. It is supposed to be a source of taxonomic data, thus providing primarily (scientific) names, synonyms, distributions and related data. However, a limited number of species accounts contain links to external sources including pictures. The database has no commercial interest and therefore depends on contributions from volunteers. It is currently supported by the Systematics Working Group of the German Herpetological Society (DGHT)"--Introd |
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Jumping spiders of America north of Mexico A guide to the jumping spiders (Salticidae) of Canada and the United States (excluding Hawaii). Includes list of genera and information and photographs of each genus |
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Kakapo recovery plan, 1996-2005 / |
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Kaki (black stilt) recovery plan, 2001-2011 |
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Kangaroo biology |
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Kangaroo management options in the Murray-Darling Basin / |
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Keep River aquatic fauna survey : report to Kinhill Pty. Ltd. / |
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Kemp's ridley sea turtle head start research project : an annual report for fiscal year 1986 / |
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Key marine habitat sites for migratory birds in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories / |
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key to cladocerans (Crustacea) of British Columbia families Daphniidae, Sididae, Bosminidae, Holopediidae, Leptodoridae, and Polyphemidae / |
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key to the anuran tadpoles of the United States and Canada |
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Key to the reptiles of Canada |
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Key to the skulls of North Dakota mammals |
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Kiwi (Apteryx spp.) on offshore New Zealand islands : populations, translocations, and identification of potential release sites / |
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Kiwi (Apteryx spp.) recovery plan : 2008-2018 / |
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Kiwi (Apteryx spp.) recovery plan, 1996-2006 / |
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Kiwi recovery plan / - Pages 1-16 Kiwi recovery plan / - Pages 17-35 |
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Kokako population studies at Rotoehu Forest and on Little Barrier Island / |
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Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1985) 1985 Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1986) 1986 Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1987) 1987 Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1988) 1988 Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1989) 1989 Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1990) 1990 Kokanee stock status and contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho : annual progress report FY .. - (1991) 1991 |
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Kootenai River fisheries investigation. Stock status of burbot and rainbow trout and fisheries inventory : annual report 1993 / |
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Label data standards for terrestrial arthropods : a brief / |
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Lake Alexander : a biological census / |
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Land cover mapping of Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary, Nunavut / |
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Landscape effects on breeding songbird abundance in managed southern Appalachian forests My results are consistent with other studies that have reported only weak to moderate landscape effects on songbird abundance in large managed forests. These results should not be interpreted as being inconsistent with results from studies in highly fragmented forests that have reported strong effects of patch size, patch isolation, and landscape scale forest cover on breeding songbirds |
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Landscape permeability for large carnivores in Washington : a geographic information system weighted-distance and least-cost corridor assessment / We conducted a regional-scale evaluation of landscape permeability for large carnivores in Washington and adjacent portions of British Columbia and Idaho. We developed geographic information system based landscape permeability models for wolves (Canis lupus), wolverine (Gulo gulo), lynx (Lynx canadensis), and grizzly bear (Ursus arctos). We also developed a general large carnivore model to provide a single generalization of the predominant landscape patterns for the four focal species. The models evaluated land cover type, road density, human population density, elevation, and slope to provide an estimate of landscape permeability. We identified five concentrations of large carnivore habitat between which we evaluated landscape permeability. The habitat concentration areas were the southern Cascade Range, the north-central Cascade Range, the Coast Range, the Kettle-Monashee Ranges, and the Selkirk-Columbia Mountains. We evaluated landscape permeability in fracture zones between these areas, including the I-90 Snoqualmie Pass area, the Fraser-Coquihalla area, the Okanogan Valley, and the upper Columbia and Pend Oreille River valleys. We identified the portions of the Washington state highway system that passed through habitat linkages between the habitat concentration areas and areas accessible to the focal species. This analysis provides a consistent measure of estimated landscape permeability across the analysis area, which can be used to develop conservation strategies, contribute to future field survey efforts, and help identify management priorities for the focal species |
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LarvalBase global information system about fishlarvae [sic] "LarvalBase will be a comprehensive information system on fish larvae that are relevant in the field of finfish aquaculture, combining traditional sources such as primary and 'grey' literature. In addition, unofficial data from various sources as Internet and from practising aquaculturists, even in developing countries, will be regarded." |
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Lasiurus ega and other small mammal records from Dimmit and La Salle Counties, Texas |
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Leatherback turtles in southeast U.S. waters |
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Leech collections from Chile including two new species of Helobdella (Annelida:Hirudinida) / |
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Length-weight interrelationships for swordfish, Xiphias gladius L., caught in the central North Pacific |
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Lethbridge Prairie Rattlesnake Conservation Project 2002/2003 progress report / |
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Lethbridge Rattlesnake Conservation Project 2003 progress report / |
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Life and death of the mountain hare in the boreal forest of Sweden / |
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Life history and secondary production of Caenis latipennis Banks (Ephemeroptera:Caenidae) in Honey Creek, Oklahoma |
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Life-history variation and age at maturity in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) / |
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Light-mantled sooty albatross on Campbell Island, 1995-96 : a pilot investigation / |
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Line-transect survey of Hector's dolphin abundance between Timaru and Long Point, and effect of attraction to survey vessel / |
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Links between biodiversity conservation, livelihoods, and food security the sustainable use of wild species for meat / |
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List of Canadian acceptable common names for fish and seafood |
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list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles / - UW restricted |
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list of the vertebrates of South Australia |
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Lista de marsupiales de Argentina The marsupials of Argentina : an annotated checklist of their distribution and conservation / |
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Listed species and populations with recovery plans as of .. - sorted by listed entity Listed species and populations with recovery plans as of .. - sorted by plan date Lists U.S. animal and plant species and populations that have recovery plans. Includes full text (PDF) of many of the plans and links to additional information on each species or population |
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Literature review of the acute toxicity and persistence of brodifacoum to invertebrates and studies of residue risks to wildlife and people - 1st paper Literature review of the acute toxicity and persistence of brodifacoum to invertebrates and studies of residue risks to wildlife and people - 2nd paper |
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Literature review, bibliographic listing, an organization of selected references relative to Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and abiotic and biotic attributes of the Columbia River estuary and adjacent marine and riverine environs for various historic |
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Living in harmony with bears |
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Living in harmony with moose |
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Living with eastern grey kangaroos in the A.C.T.--public land : third report to the Minister for the Environment, Land, and Planning / - PDF format Living with eastern grey kangaroos in the A.C.T.--public land : third report to the Minister for the Environment, Land, and Planning / - Microsoft Word format |
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Living with eastern grey kangaroos in the A.C.T.--rural lands : first report to the Minister for the Environment, Land, and Planning / |
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Lizards of Ecuador checklist, distribution, and systematic references / |
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Locating, constructing, and managing islands for nesting waterfowl |
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Lodjursstammen i Sverige 1994-2004 : en utvardering av inventeringsresultat och metoder = The lynx population in Sweden 1994-2004 : an evaluation of census data and methods / |
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Long-term management of kakerori (Pomarea dimidiata) in the Cook Islands / The kakerori (Pomarea dimidiata) population had fallen to 29 birds in 1989, before rat poisoning began within 155 ha of forested hill country in the Takitumu Conservation Area (TCA), in southeastern Rarotonga. The population had rebounded to 255 birds by 2001 when management shifted from "recovery" to "sustainable management" of the population at 250-300 individuals. The key elements were to reduce rat poisoning effort so that recruitment of kakerori balanced annual mortality, and to establish an "insurance" population on Atiu, by transferring 30 subadults between 2001 and 2003. In 2001, baiting was reduced from three to one baits per bait station; and from 2003, baits were replenished fortnightly rather than weekly. Labour costs fell 43% to 32 person days per year and Talon (brodifacoum) rat poison costs fell 25%. Despite the reduced poisoning effort and the transfers, 281 birds were recorded on Rarotonga in 2004. Five tropical cyclones passed through the southern Cook Islands in February-March 2005, causing considerable damage. Although annual mortality was higher than usual, the worst effect became apparent in the following breeding season, when nest predation by rats was unusually high, and the damaged canopy cover left nests exposed to the elements. The population on Rarotonga fell to 254 birds in 2006, so "interim" poisoning was introduced in April and in July 2007 to improve adult survival and further reduce rat numbers. By 2007, the population had increased to 314 birds; 271 on Rarotonga and 43 on Atiu. Profits generated by the TCA's ecotourism business should be sufficient to sustain the current management of kakerori. Outcome monitoring can reduce to an annual fledgling count, and a two-yearly population census |
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Long-term risks to marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) populations : assessing alternative forest management policies in coastal British Columbia / |
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Long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) conservation in the Alberta foothills 2002 field summary report / |
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Long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) monitoring study in Alberta summary report, 1998-2001 / |
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Loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding in New Zealand's threatened bird species / This report summarises findings from a 5-year research project (2003-2007) investigating the extent of loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding across various New Zealand threatened birds. Introduced predators and habitat loss are impacting on many New Zealand native species, but many species also have exceptionally low genetic diversity as a consequence of persisting in small and isolated populations. Research indicated that temporary bottlenecks associated with founder events during translocations do not contribute as much to loss of genetic variation as the small, finite population sizes of island sites. The build-up of inbreeding within closed island populations can result in further reductions in individual fitness. There is evidence of moderate inbreeding depression in a reintroduced population of North Island robins (Petroica australis longipes) on Tiritiri Matangi, and weak inbreeding depression in takahe (Porphyrio mantelli) translocated to offshore islands. To what extent reduced individual fitness translates to reduced population growth rates depends on the frequency of close inbreeding, the magnitude of inbreeding depression and which life history traits (i.e. fecundity versus survival) are most affected. Genetic management of New Zealand threatened species should not take priority over other management concerns such as controlling predators or improving habitat quality, but it does need more attention than it currently receives. Recommendations for genetic management emulating from this research should not be viewed in isolation, but considered alongside other contributing factors to help inform management decisions. Moreover, the maintenance of genetic diversity should become a fundamental component in long-term management strategies for threatened species in New Zealand |
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Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose (Chasmistes brevirostris) sucker recovery plan |
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Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility study : draft feasibility report/environmental impact statement / |
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Lynx management and research in the NWT / - 1988/1989 |
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Lynx research in the NWT / - 1989/90 to 1991/1992 |
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Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Anthozoa |
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Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Crustacea Covers some 644 species of amphipods, barnacles, crabs, isopods, ostracods, prawns, shrimps, etc. and includes taxonomic descriptions and notes on habitat and distribution |
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Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Echinodermata Covers some 61 species, with taxonomic descriptions and notes on habitat and distribution |
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Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Pycnogonida |
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Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Tunicata |
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Macroinvertebrate data interpretation guidance manual / |
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Macroinvertebrates of the Wairau River and the likely consequences of proposed hydroelectric development / A hydroelectric scheme is currently being proposed for the Wairau River, Marlborough, New Zealand. This report reviews macroinvertebrate data for the Wairau and compares its macroinvertebrate community to those in other medium-to-large braided rivers in the South Island of New Zealand. It also considers the likely effects of the proposed scheme on macroinvertebrates in the Wairau. The diversity and abundance of the macroinvertebrate community of the Wairau was within the range found in other large South Island braided rivers, and provided much of the food needed by local populations of drift-feeding fish, such as brown trout (Salmo trutta), and insectivorous birds, such as the black-fronted tern (Sterna albostriata), an endangered species. Nymphs of the mayfly Deleatidium were abundant and numerically dominated communities at most sites. Elmid beetles and the sandy-cased caddis fly Pycnocentrodes were also abundant in the affected reach. Reduced flows would decrease the available habitat for stream macroinvertebrates and could degrade remaining habitat through periphyton proliferation, accumulation of fine sediments, and increased water temperatures. Reduced exchange between the river and groundwater also had the potential to seriously affect macroinvertebrate communities as well as nutrient dynamics and thermal patterns in the residual river |
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Macromoths of Northwest forests and woodlands / |
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Magrath northern leopard frog reintroduction project final report / |
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Magrath northern leopard frog reintroduction project year 1 progress report / |
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Mammal species of the world MSW Mammal species of the world (MSW) is a database of mammalian taxonomy, containing the names of recognized species of mammals current as of the 1993 publication, Mammal species of the world, 2nd ed. The data are presented in a taxonomic hierarchy that includes order, family, subfamily, and genus. The website also provides access to the complete list of species recognized in the 3rd ed. of Mammal species of the world, published in 2005. A new website containing the updated content is in the planning stages and is expected to launch in 2007 |
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Mammalian species of special concern in California / |
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Mammals in the areas adjacent to Forsmark and Oskarshamn : population density, ecological data, and carbon budget / |
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mammals of Texas / |
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Mammals of Washington Checklist of the mammals of Washington. Includes photographs, biological and conservation information, distribution maps, and links to other resources |
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Management and recovery strategies for the Lethbridge population of the prairie rattlesnake |
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Management of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Europe |
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Management of Canada lynx in the Cascades geographic areas of Oregon and Washington a white paper / |
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Management of captive whooping cranes (Grus americana) to improve breeding behaviour and success |
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Management of new deer populations in Northland and Taranaki / |
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Management of North Island weka and wallabies on Kawau Island / |
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Management of northern New Zealand dotterels on Coromandel Peninsula / The northern New Zealand dotterel (NNZD), Charadrius obscurus, is a threatened endemic shorebird that breeds mainly on sandy beaches of the North Island. At unmanaged sites, breeding success is usually low, and the population would decline without management. About 16% of the population breeds on Coromandel Peninsula. Many of these birds are managed by a partnership between the Department of Conservation (DOC), Newmont Waihi Operations, and local volunteers. This report was commissioned by DOC's Waikato Conservancy to review information on numbers and distribution of NNZD on Coromandel Peninsula, review data on the response of the population to management, assess the relative importance of different management actions and make recommendations for future management. Between 1996 and 2004 there was a very large increase in the NNZD population in the Coromandel area (up by 102 birds or 58%). The available evidence suggests that this increase was largely due to the protection programme. However, assessing the relative importance of different management actions (predator control, advocacy, fencing nests, and reducing losses to flooding) is difficult. For future management it is recommended that the current protection programme be continued, management requirements be reassessed following the NNZD census in 2011, long-term protection for key habitat be sought, applications for activities that may have adverse impacts on NNZD be opposed, options for the protection and stabilisation of the Matarangi Spit site be examined, minor changes to the way the minder network is organised be considered and breeding season monitoring and co-ordination of autumn flock counts be continued |
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Management of the invasive alien snail Cantareus aspersus on conservation land / |
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Management of wolf and lynx conflicts with human interests / Human tolerance towards wolves was lowest inside wolf territories and slowly increased amongst residents living up to 200 km from the nearest wolf territory. Human tolerance towards wolves may however be affected by mitigation measures such as subsidising electric fences in order to reduce the risk of wolf depredation on livestock. Management actions as subsidies for pro active measures or predator control should be targeting specific areas or individuals in order to be effective. It is also important to use the "right" management actions at the right time. Therefore it is, among other things, important to know if a reported bold wolf is acting in a way that most wolves would not, given the same circumstances. Wolves moved away from an approaching human on average at a distance of about 100 m. Wind velocity and wind direction influenced the distance heavily and humans may come as close to wolves as 17 meters before the wolves become aware of the human and react |
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Management plan for cougar in Alberta |
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Management plan for grizzly bears in Alberta |
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Management plan for pronghorn antelope in Alberta |
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Management plan for wolves in Alberta |
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Management plan for wood bison in British Columbia / |
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Management recommendations for Washington's priority species - Vol. 1 Management recommendations for Washington's priority species - Vol. 3 Management recommendations for Washington's priority species - Vol. 4 |
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Management strategies for conservation of genetic diversity in wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) / |
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Managing habitat for grassland birds : a guide for Wisconsin / |
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Managing interactions between humans and seals : a national seal strategy to minimise adverse interactions between humans and seals in the fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism sectors / |
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Manual of fisheries survey methods II [with periodic updates] |
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manual of the grasshoppers of New Mexico Orthoptera:Acrididae and Romaleidae / |
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Maps & distribution of the birds of the western Palearctic region |
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Marbled murrelet effectiveness monitoring Northwest forest plan 2001 annual summary report / |
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Marbled murrelet effectiveness monitoring plan for the Northwest forest plan / |
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Marine bird and sea otter population abundance of Prince William Sound, Alaska : trends following the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill from 1989-93 / |
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Marine flatworms of the world This site is devoted to the study of polyclad flatworms (Phylum Platyhelminthes, Class Turbellaria, Order Polycladida), a group of large, free-living marine flatworms which are mainly found in tropical coral reefs. Includes information on polyclad biology and image galleries of polyclads from various oceans and seas. Also includes images of nudibranchs and links to other marine biology and oceanography sites |
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Marine forage fishes in Puget Sound / Forage fishes are small, schooling fishes that are key prey items for larger predatory fish and wildlife in a marine food web. In Puget Sound, forage fish species occupy every marine and estuarine nearshore habitat. Nearshore habitats are of special concern, because many species use them for spawning. This report focus on three species that commonly occur within the nearshore zone of Pacific Northwest beaches: Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi), surf smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus), Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) |
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Marine lobsters of the world |
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marine mammal assessment survey of the southeast US continental shelf, February-April 2002 |
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Marine mammal populations : reconstructing historical abundances at the global scale / |
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Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 annual report |
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Marine mammals of the world This is a worldwide program for the identification of marine mammals and those cetaceans, seals, and sirenians also found in freshwater. The species include a variety of taxa: baleen whales, toothed whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, sea lions, sirenians, marine otters, and the polar bear. There is an introduction with notes on marine mammal distribution in regard to oceanography and marine mammal identification, a glossary of technical terms, illustrated keys to species, illustrated family keys for skulls, species cards, and a table of species by major marine fishing areas. Every species sheet includes scientific and official FAO names, diagnostic features, notes on similar species, size, distribution, biology, habitat, behavior, exploitation, and IUCN status. Includes audio of vocalizations of some species |
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Marine mammals of the world / |
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marine mammals of Virginia with notes on identification and natural history / |
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marine turtle conservation strategy and action plan for the western Indian Ocean |
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Marine turtle habitat plan |
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Marine turtle habitat plan |
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Mark-recapture analysis for monitoring threatened species : introduction and case study |
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Marking juvenile coho salmon in the Kenai River with coded, microwire tags / |
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Marten (Martes americana) and timber management in northwestern Ontario a literature review / |
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Marten use of different harvesting treatments in high-elevation forest at Sicamous Creek |
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Maturation and reproduction of northern flying squirrels in Pacific Northwest forests / |
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Mayflies of the United States |
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Measuring wolverine distribution and abundance in Alberta |
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Megapodes status survey and conservation action plan 2000-2004 / |
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Memorandum of understanding concerning conservation measures for marine turtles of the Atlantic Coast of Africa Memorandum d'accord sur les mesures de conservation pour les tortues marines de la cote atlantique de l'Afrique |
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Mesocarnivores of northeastern North America : status and conservation issues / Includes species profiles of lynx, bobcat, American marten, fisher, river otter, American mink, coyote, red fox, gray fox, raccoon, striped skunk, and short-tailed, least, and long-tailed weasel |
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Mesozooplankton community structure and grazing impact in the Polar Frontal Zone of the Southern Ocean |
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Metapopulation dynamics of the coxella weevil (Hadramphus spinipennis) on the Chatham Islands / |
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methodology for grizzly bear habitat assessment in British Columbia |
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Methods for controlling depredation on piping plovers in Alberta a literature review and synthesis / |
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Methods for marking New Zealand wildlife : amphibians, reptiles, and marine mammals / - Introduction and methods (p. 1-40) |
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Methods for measuring populations of arboreal rodents / |
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Methods to monitor the density and impact of hares (Lepus europaeus) in grasslands in New Zealand / |
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Methods used in the collection, preparation and interpretation of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) otoliths for a study of age and growth in Western Australia / |
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Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of population structure in the New Zealand fur seal Arctocephalus forsteri / |
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Microzooplankton composition and dynamics in Lake Erie Microzooplankton composition and dynamics (growth and grazing rates) was examined in coastal and offshore Lake Erie including sites within Old Woman Creek (OWC) National Estuarine Research Reserve from May, 2003 to September, 2005. The microzooplankton community was composed primarily of ciliates and rotifers in the coastal sites, while a shift from rotifers to dynoflagellates was observed in the offshore sites. Choreotrichs and oligotrichs were the most commonly encountered ciliates, exhibited the highest growth rates, and were responsible for a large portion of microzooplankton-secondary production (ca. 30%) on average. Microzooplankton community growth rates ranged from 0.12 to 1.02 d-1 and 0.1 to 0.95 d-1 in coastal and offshore sites, respectively, and their growth was a prerequisite for measurable herbivory rates at the community level. Grazing rates measured via serial dilution revealed microzooplankton consumed 81% of phytoplankton primary production on average as well as portions of phytoplankton standing stock. Overall, microzooplankton herbivory is a major factor in controlling phytoplankton primary production in coastal and offshore Lake Erie and their contribution to secondary production is equal to that of meso- and macrozooplankton |
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Migration and winter ranges of ferruginous hawks from Washington 2001 progress report / |
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Migration of birds Revised version of Frederick C. Lincoln's classic work on the migration of birds |
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Migration problems of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in flow regulated rivers / |
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Migrations and movements of birds to New Zealand and surrounding seas / |
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Migratory characteristics of spring chinook salmon in the Willamette River : annual report 1991 / |
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Migratory waterbirds and climate change : effects within the African-Eurasian flyways / |
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Miniature radio frequency transponder technology suitability as threatened species tags / |
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Missouri River system's "other" fish |
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model for assessing incidental take of manatees due to watercraft-related activities |
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model of the productivity of the northern pintail |
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Modeling Florida panther movements to predict conservation strategies in north Florida Over 70 percent of panther moves were in Hamilton and north Columbia Counties, areas of lowest public support for panther reintroductions. Landscape connections for panthers and specific areas of high panther use along Interstates I-75 and I-10 were also identified. These and other model results support conservation approaches that include a continued commitment to regional and county planning in environmentally sensitive areas, possible public purchase of environmentally sensitive lands, and financial incentives to owners of private properties deemed critical to panthers. Model results support targeting landowners and residents of Hamilton and Columbia counties for future education programs and inclusion in conservation processes |
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Modelling present and climate-shifted distribution of marine fishes and invertebrates / |
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Modelling the dynamics and control of stoats in New Zealand forests / The impact of sterilisation and culling control of stoat (Mustela erminea) populations was evaluated using models of increasing complexity. The first was a simple logistic model with continuous births and deaths; the second included a more realistic birth pulse rather than continuous births; and the third included a birth pulse and age structure. For beech forest (Nothofagus spp.) habitats, the birth pulse models distinguished between mast, crash and normal years, each year having a different intrinsic rate of increase, rm, which was parameterised from trap-catch indices. The second model best predicted the large variation in stoat abundance observed in beech forest. Using this model, little difference was predicted in the proportional reduction of stoat density under culling or sterilisation control. Under continuous control, sterilisation was slightly more effective at reducing peak (summer) stoat density; however under pulsed control, culling was marginally more effective than sterilisation. Control of either kind was much more effective against populations in non-beech forests than against those in beech forests, essentially because of the former population's lower rm value. The second birth pulse model was also used to predict the likely dynamics of canine distemper virus (CDV) in stoat populations. CDV was not predicted to persist as an endemic disease in New Zealand stoat populations. This was primarily due to the birth pulse structure which precluded the continuous recruitment of susceptible individuals required to maintain the disease within a host population |
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Modification of mixed-conifer forests by ruminant herbivores in the Blue Mountains Ecological Province / |
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Molecular biology in fish, fisheries and aquaculture : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium held in Plymouth, England, 10-13 July 1995 / - UW restricted |
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Molecular genetic analysis of hybridisation / |
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Molecular genetic identification of whales, dolphins, and porpoises proceedings of a workshop on the forensic use of molecular techniques to identify wildlife products in the marketplace / |
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Molecular phylogeny, temporal patterns of lineage diversification, and phylogeography of the surgeonfish genus Naso (Acanthuridae) |
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Molecular systematics and conservation of kakariki (Cyanoramphus spp.) / |
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Molecular systematics and population genetics of marine vertebrates from Brazil In contrast, the low genetic diversity of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) from northeastern Brazilian waters agrees with the hypothesis that only a single stock of yellowfin tuna occurs in the southwest equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean. The genetic homogeneity of T. albacares in this area suggests that there is sufficient gene flow in that area to prevent development of local stocks |
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Monitoring amphibians in Great Smoky Mountains National Park / |
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Monitoring and restoration options for lizards on Kaitorete Spit, Canterbury / Habitat manipulation to favour prey species is a potential alternative management technique to conventional predator control methods. New Zealand lizards are suitable taxa for evaluating the effectiveness of habitat manipulation, but to do so we need good baseline information about the study population as well as reliable sampling techniques. To this end, the three main aims of this research were to conduct a baseline survey of lizard distribution and species composition along the entire length of Kaitorete Spit, Canterbury; to develop a new sampling method (artificial retreats) for Canterbury geckos (Hoplodactylus "Canterbury"); and to test the relative effects of habitat and predator manipulation on survival of McCann's skinks (Oligosoma maccanni). Pitfall trapping identified differences in species distribution across duneland, farmland and shrubland habitats, and a decline in capture rates of spotted skinks (O. lineoocellatum "Central Canterbury") over a 3-year period. Canterbury geckos preferred artificial retreats made from Onduline over those made from corrugated iron and concrete, whereas skinks showed no preferences. It was also found that Onduline retreats could be used to detect Canterbury geckos following translocation and to estimate population size. Annual survival probability of McCann's skinks increased at sites with predator exclosures, but stayed constant at control sites and sites with artificial retreats. Therefore, predator control, but not the addition of artificial retreats, is predicted to benefit McCann's skinks. Our recommendations include predator control for spotted skinks near Birdlings Flat, Kaitorete Spit, and the development of standard guidelines for using artificial retreats |
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Monitoring between-year movements and assessment of artificial burrow features useful in conservation and management of burrowing owls : 1997 annual report / |
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Monitoring bird populations by point counts / |
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Monitoring of fall raptor migration in southwestern Idaho / |
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Monitoring of greater sage-grouse habitats and populations |
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Monitoring of Hochstetter's frog (Leiopelma hochstetteri) populations near Golden Cross Mine, Waitekauri Valley, Coromandel / |
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Monitoring of migratory bull trout in the Jarbidge River, 1999 / |
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Monitoring post-fledging burrowing owls in southwestern Idaho / |
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Monitoring protocol for the Ord's kangaroo rat |
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Monitoring raptors during autumn migration in southwestern and southcentral Idaho : 1998 annual summary / |
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Monitoring the commercial swim-with-dolphin operations in the Bay of Islands / - Pages 1-34 Monitoring the commercial swim-with-dolphin operations in the Bay of Islands / - Pages 35-59 |
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Monitoring yellow-crowned parakeets / |
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Montana gray wolf conservation and management ... annual report - (Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks) 2005 to present |
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Moose management and browsing dynamics in boreal forest / The foraging patterns of large herbivores will affect their impact on structures and functions of ecosystems and on human use of natural resources. The foraging patterns are affected by a multitude of factors, e.g., forage availability, environmental conditions, and herbivore density. Furthermore, the importance of these factors has been suggested to vary over temporal and spatial scales. The impact from large herbivores will affect the management actions to fulfil socio-political policies (e.g., regarding damage to forests) and the harvest quotas could be decided from monitoring of animal numbers and damage. However, wildlife managers are often faced with a choice of several available monitoring methods, at varying cost and precision. The aim of this thesis was to improve our understanding of: 1) factors governing the foraging patterns of large herbivores and thereby also the impact on the ecosystem; and 2) performance of survey methods in relation to monitoring cost. The study was performed in south-central Sweden, and moose (Alces alces) in boreal forest was used as a model system. The results suggest that herbivore foraging decisions are scale-dependent. The significance of moose density effects, site productivity, and diversity among forage species on the foraging pattern varied from feeding patch to landscape level. On the plant level, browsing pressure and moose preference for groups of certain species varied significantly. On the stand level, moose preference for certain habitats varied according to variation in snow conditions. Furthermore, the distribution of forage types (e.g., field and shrub layer) differed between the habitats and the browsing on the different layers of forage will therefore vary according to environmental conditions. The browsing pressure was also dependent on forage availability and herbivore density. Moose density in Sweden is mainly regulated by hunting. The hunting quotas rely on more or less accurate monitoring methods. The ability to reach management goals generally increased with monitoring effort, but a combination of two relatively inexpensive monitoring methods also produced successful management outcomes |
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Moose, mule deer, and cariboo [sic] sharing current knowledge |
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morphological and biochemical comparison of artificially and naturally-reared salmonids |
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Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes |
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Morphological phylogeny of the bat genus Platyrrhinus Saussure, 1860 (Chiroptera:Phyllostomidae) with the description of four new species / |
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Morphology and incidence of yabby (Cherax albidus) burrows in Western Australia / |
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Mortality and dispersion of saddlebacks after reintroduction to Boundary Stream Mainland Island / |
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Mosquito identification resources |
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moths of Borneo. Part 3, Superfamily Bombycoidea families Lasiocampidae, Eupterotidae, Bombycidae, Brahmaeidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae / "Electronic reprint of the text and plates of The Moths of Borneo Part 3, first published by Southene Sdn Bhd, in 1987." |
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Mountain caribou in managed forests recommendations for managers / |
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Mountain goat survey, Flat River area, western Mackenzie Mountains, September 2004 / We conducted an aerial survey for mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) along the Flat River, western Mackenzie Mountains in September 2004 to document goat numbers and distribution. Goats were classified from the air into four sex/age classes: kids, yearlings, nannies, and billies. We used a handheld global positioning system to track the survey flight paths and record the locations of all wildlife seen. We had planned to survey three areas in the vicinity of the Flat River, north of Seaplane Lake, covering a total area of ca. 1000 km2. Unfortunately, inclement weather limited the survey to an area of mountains (ca. 400 km2) on the western side of the Flat River valley and to areas mostly below 2000 m elevation because of snow cover. We observed 90 mountain goat, 31 billies, 28 nannies, 20 kids and 7 yearlings; 4 goats were unclassified. We estimated 71.4 kids/100 nannies, 25.0 yearlings/100 nannies, and 111 billies/100 nannies. Other wildlife observed during the survey included 2 Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli), and 20 moose (Alces alces gigas) |
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Mountain plover habitat and population surveys in Alberta, 2001 |
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Movement patterns of spotted grunter, Pomadasys commersonnii (Haemulidae), in a highly turbid South African estuary This study provides an understanding of the movement patterns of spotted grunter in the estuary and between the estuarine and marine environments. Consequently, it provides information that will assist in the design of a management plan to promote sustainability of this important fishery species. The techniques used and developed in this study also have direct application for further studies on other important estuarine-dependent fishery species |
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Movements and distributions of northern squawfish downstream of lower Snake River dams relative to the migration of juvenile salmonids : completion report / |
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Movements and habitat selection of the longnose snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei) in southwestern Idaho / |
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Mudfish (Neochanna Galaxiidae) literature review / |
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multi-species conservation strategy for species at risk 2006-2007 report / |
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multi-species conservation strategy for species at risk in the Milk River basin year 1, progress report / |
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Multi-species habitat enhancement techniques a guide to enhancing biodiversity on NAWMP landscapes in Alberta : field manual / |
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MULTISAR a multi-species conservation strategy for species at risk : 2005-2006 report / |
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MULTISAR a multi-species conservation strategy for species at risk : year 3 report / |
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MULTISAR, the Milk River Basin Project a multi-species conservation strategy for species at risk : year 2 progress report / |
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Mussel bed restoration and monitoring / |
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NAAMP III archive the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program Third Annual Meeting : November 14, 1996-February 14, 1997 The NAAMP III meeting ran from November 14, 1996 through February 14, 1997, representing the first scientific meeting ever held on the World Wide Web. Archives of the abstracts and papers are maintained at this site |
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National assessment of interactions between humans and seals fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism / |
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National koala conservation strategy / |
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National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (Shark-plan) / |
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National strategy to address interactions between humans and seals fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism / |
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Native grasslands and the plains-wanderer |
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Nature and culture : comparative biology and interactions of wild and farmed fish : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium, held in London, U.K., 19-23 July 2004 / - UW restricted |
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NatureServe explorer an online encyclopedia of life Authoritative conservation information on plants, animals, and ecological communities of the United States and Canada. Provides information on rare and endangered species but includes common plants and animals as well |
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Nearshore birds in Puget Sound / |
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Nemipterid fishes of the world : threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams, Family Nemipteridae, an annotated and illustrated catalogue of nemipterid species known to date / |
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Nest counts of Stewart Island shags/mapua (Leucocarbo chalconotus) in Otago / The Stewart Island shag/mapua (Leucocarbo chalconotus) is an endemic New Zealand species that has been classified as "Nationally Vulnerable" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. The breeding distribution of this species is split geographically into a northern population along coastal Otago and a southern population on islands in and bordering Foveaux Strait. This study collates and analyses data from the northern population to determine whether this population requires more focussed management to ensure its future sustainability. The species is dichromatic (exhibits two colour morphs) and the two populations can be differentiated visually by differences in ratios of the two morphs. Counts of nests in Otago began in the middle of the 20th century and indicated a rapid northward spread and increase in numbers, quantified as an average 12% annual increase over 15 years; this culminated in a peak of c. 1900 nests in 1987. The subsequent trend is less definitive, but indicates the likelihood of a sustained average decrease of 2% per year. However, the breeding range of this species has continued to spread both north and south, with initiation of nesting at Kinakina Island recorded in 1993, marking a 100-km southward jump that doubled the breeding distribution of the Otago population. We conclude that the Otago population is not at immediate risk and therefore does not require species-specific conservation management. However, since the current status of the Kinakina Island breeding population remains unknown, it is important that an inspection is carried out as soon as possible. We also recommend annual counts of nest numbers at each of the other four breeding locations (Maukiekie Island, Taiaroa Head, Wharekakahu and Green Island), to facilitate the rapid detection of changes in population trends |
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Nest tree selection by primary cavity-nesting birds in south-central British Columbia |
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Neustonic mesozooplankton abundance and distribution in the northern California Current, 2000 and 2002 / |
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New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships / |
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New England wildlife : management of forested habitats / |
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New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH / New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH / - Appendix A New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH / - Appendix B New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH / - Appendix C New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH / - Appendix D |
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New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH, version 1 / New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH, version 1 / - Appendix A New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH, version 1 / - Appendix B New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH, version 1 / - Appendix C New England wildlife a model for ecosystem management : ECOSEARCH, version 1 / - Appendix D |
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new flatfish of the Indo-Pacific genus Asterorhombus (Pleuronectiformes:Bothidae) / |
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new gobiosuchid crocodyliform taxon from the Cretaceous of Mongolia / |
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New perspectives on the pelagic stage of sea turtle development / |
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new species of the genus Chetia (Teleostei:Cichlidae) from the Lecitu River, Buzi system, Mozambique / |
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New World army ants subfamily Ecitoninae |
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New Zealand dotterel (Charadrius obscurus) recovery plan, 2004-14 / |
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New Zealand fairy tern (Sterna nereis davisae) recovery plan, 2005-15 / The New Zealand fairy tern (Sterna nereis davisae) is New Zealand's rarest indigenous breeding bird. It is a morphologically distinct, geographically and genetically isolated, endemic subspecies of an Australasian species, which consists of two other recognised subspecies: S. n. nereis in Australia and S. n. exsul in New Caledonia. The population is estimated to number 35 to 40 individuals and now only breeds at four breeding sites in the North Island. It is threatened by introduced mammalian predators, disturbance, and habitat modification. This plan presents a revised goal and the objectives required to continue recovery of the New Zealand fairy tern. Actions in this plan focus on the continued protection of the breeding pairs and their progeny in situ. Research is required on critical population demographics |
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New Zealand large galaxiid recovery plan, 2003-13 : shortjaw kokopu, giant kokopu, banded kokopu, and koaro |
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New Zealand mudfish (Neochanna spp.) recovery plan 2003-13 : Northland, black, brown, Canterbury, and Chatham Island mudfish / |
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New Zealand non-migratory galaxiid fishes recovery plan, 2003-13 / Non-migratory galaxiid fishes (Galaxias spp.) occur throughout New Zealand, although individual species generally have very restricted distributions. Species have been declining in both the number of populations and abundance due to a variety of causes such as changes in land use, impact of introduced species, and water abstraction. Recovery actions are addressed for the following endemic non-migratory galaxias: flathead galaxias (Galaxias depressiceps), dusky galaxias (Galaxias pullus), Eldon's galaxias (Galaxias eldoni), roundhead galaxias (Galaxias anomalus), Gollum galaxias (Galaxias gollumoides), dwarf galaxias (Galaxias divergens), bignose galaxias (Galaxias macronasus), upland longjaw galaxias (Galaxias prognathus), lowland longjaw galaxias (Galaxias cobitinis), Galaxias sp. D (or Pool Burn galaxias), Teviot galaxias, southern flathead galaxias, northern galaxias, dwarf inanga (Galaxias gracilis), and dune lakes galaxias (Galaxias sp.). The actions in this plan focus on designating and protecting key populations for each galaxiid. Further actions include advocacy tasks to increase both iwi and general public awareness, participation in recovery work and research to determine critical biological aspects required for recovery |
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New Zealand northern tuna fleet : report of advisory officer--seabird/fisheries interactions, 2001/02 / |
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New Zealand recognised bird names (NZRBN) database |
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New Zealand's most enigmatic moth : what we know about Titanomis sisyrota / |
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Noisy scrub-bird recovery plan / |
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Nomenclator zoologicus; a list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1935, |
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Nomina insecta Nearctica : a check list of the insects of North America |
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Non-fishing mortality of freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) / |
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Non-invasive monitoring of stoat reproductive hormones / |
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North American breeding bird survey results and analysis 1966-1996 Includes information about distributions and population changes of North American (U.S. and Canada) birds. You can access information on bird species either by category (e.g. relative abundance maps, regional trend estimates, etc.) by clicking on the appropriate category icon, or by species by clicking on the species account icon. Categories of information include: relative abundance maps; regional trend estimates; annual indices of abundance; and maps of population change. Includes state/provincial abundance indexes and seasonal bird abundance lists. The species identification section includes pictures, songs, and identification tips for most North American bird species. The species information section contains links to species-specific information such as life history, identification, distribution maps, pictures, and songs |
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North American important bird areas a directory of 150 key conservation sites |
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North American mammals A searchable database of all living mammals of North America. Search by location, by species name, by family tree, by conservation status, and for animals with skull or bone and teeth images. Covers over 400 mammal species and includes thousands of photographs, watercolors, scientific illustrations, range maps, weights and measures, descriptive text, references, links, and the conservation status of each species. The site also contains vignettes on adaptations, QuickTime movies of specimens, and hypertext links to a glossary |
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North American rodents : status survey and conservation action plan / |
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North Carolina atlas of freshwater mussels & endangered fish |
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North Island kokako recovery plan, 1999-2009 |
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North Island kokako recovery plan, 1999-2009 / |
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Northern Adriatic Bryozoa from the vicinity of Rovinj, Croatia / |
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northern goshawk in Utah habitat assessment and management recommendations / |
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Northern leopard frog recovery program year 5 (2003) / |
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Northern leopard frog reintroduction Raven River--year 2 (2000) / |
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Northern leopard frog reintroduction year 3 (2001) / |
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Northern leopard frog reintroduction year 4 (2002) / |
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Northern spotted owl effectiveness monitoring plan for the Northwest Forest Plan / |
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Northern Spotted Owl Workshop proceedings January 21-22, 2004, Vancouver, BC / |
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Notes on the Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis) |
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Numbers of waders in New Zealand 1994-2003 / Populations of waders, especially migratory species, tend to be in decline worldwide, and there has been concern for some time about the status of some endemic species in New Zealand. Counts of waders in estuaries throughout New Zealand were made during summer (November-December) and winter (June-July) from November 1994 to June 2003, and compared with results from the previous decade. Populations of most species that breed in New Zealand appeared to be stable or increasing, but banded dotterels (Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus) had clearly declined. No species of Arctic migrant appeared to have increased in number, and only eastern bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica baueri) and pectoral sandpipers (Calidris melanotos) appeared to have arrived in similar numbers to the previous decade; numbers of the other species had declined, some substantially. There were disproportionate local gains and losses between sites in several species that suggest local habitat change. In winter, lesser knots (Calidris canutus) had become much more concentrated on Manukau Harbour and turnstones (Arenaria interpres) seemed to have moved away from Southland. Species that depend on a small number of sites nationally, especially wrybill (Anarhynchus frontalis) and lesser knot, are particularly vulnerable to changes at their wintering sites. Some declines in Arctic migrants clearly reflect problems elsewhere on their routes, but there is growing recognition internationally that impacts on non-breeding sites are critical. Consequently, recent changes to coastal environments in New Zealand are of concern |
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Nutritional status and growth of impala (Aepyceros melampus) in the Limpopo Province |
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Observations of interactions between Hector's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus hectori), boats, and people at Akaroa Harbour, New Zealand / Hector's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus hectori) and boat activity were tracked from a study site above Akaroa Harbour. Data were analysed to see whether there were changes in dolphin distribution or behavior due to boat activity. On the basis of the results, management and research recommendations are made |
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Observations of yellow flower wasp activity at Butlers Creek, Ninety Mile Beach / |
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observed sex ratios of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) in New Zealand, 1983-99 / |
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Obsolete English names of North American birds and their modern equivalents |
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Occasional paper (Canadian Wildlife Service) |
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Occasional papers / - Texas Tech University Museum |
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Occurrence of lynx in the North Cascades Highway corridor "The objectives of this study are to (1) use hair-snagging techniques and DNA analyses to conduct surveys to detect the presence of lynx along the Washington State Highway 20 (North Cascades Highway) corridor in north-central Washington, and (2) attempt to document lynx crossing this highway during the snow-free period when vehicular traffic is present on the highway"--P. 1 |
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Ocean Salmon and Columbia River Program |
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Ocean wanderers guide to shorebirds |
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Oceans of noise, 2004 |
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Of spotted owls, old growth, and new policies a history since the Interagency Scientific Committee report / |
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Official checklist of Oregon birds |
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Offshore distribution of Hector's dolphin at Banks Peninsula / |
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Olympic National Park : fisher reintroduction plan/environmental assessment |
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On a third group of flattened ground spiders from Australia (Araneae, Lamponidae) / |
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On the cranial osteology of Chiroptera - pt.1 |
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Online termite database "This is a taxonomic database of all living termites of the World. It is complete for the Nearctic and Neotropical regions, with data based on my Catalog of the Living Termites of the New World, which was published in Arquivos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo) 35(2):135-231 (1998). It has been expanded gradually and now contains a nearly complete list of genera and species of the World." |
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Ophidiiform fishes of the world (order Ophidiiformes) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date / |
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Orange-bellied and white-bellied frogs recovery plan |
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Orcas in Puget Sound / |
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Orders, suborders & cohorts of mites in soil Identification key to the orders, suborders, and cohorts of mites in soil |
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Oregon chub (Oregonichthys crameri) recovery plan / |
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Oregon silverspot butterfly (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) revised recovery plan |
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Oregus inaequalis Castelnau, its distribution, and abundance at Swampy Summit, Otago / |
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Orthoptera of the northern Great Plains |
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Overview of the conservation of Australian marine invertebrates a report for Environment Australia, July 2002 / |
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Overview of the conservation status of cartilaginous fishes (chondrichthyans) in the Mediterranean Sea |
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Oviposition ecology of the Oregon spotted frog at Beaver Creek, Washington |
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owls of North Dakota |
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Owls of the world a list by name |
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Parasites and parasitological resources This site contains over 550 images of more than 180 species of parasites, as well as information about life cycles and biology of protozoan, helminth, and nematode parasites of humans and animals |
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Parrots status survey and conservation action plan 2000-2004 / |
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partial list of animals in Washington This is a list of the animal taxa for which the Washington Natural Heritage Program maintains information. This list includes all vertebrates, tiger beetles, butterflies, freshwater bivalves, and crayfish known from the state, and selected other invertebrates. Fields are scientific name, a common name, state rank, state legal status, global rank, and federal status of each taxon |
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Partridges, quails, francolins, snowcocks, guineafowl, and turkeys status survey and conservation action plan 2000-2004 / |
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Patch-matrix interactions and bird species conservation in a plantation-dominated landscape in Australia |
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Pateke (Anas chlorotis) recovery plan, 2005-10 / |
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Patuxent bird identification infocenter Photographs, songs, videos, identification tips, maps, and life history information for North American birds |
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Pearl perches of the world (family Glaucosomatidae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the pearl perches known to date / |
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Peary caribou and muskox abundance and distribution on the western Queen Elizabeth Islands, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, June-July 1997 / |
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Pend-d'Oreille butterfly survey |
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Peregrine falcon biology and management in Colorado, 1973-2001 / |
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Peregrine falcon surveys and monitoring in the northeast boreal region of Alberta, 2001 |
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Peregrine falcon surveys and monitoring in the Parkland Region of Alberta, 2001 |
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Perspectives on inventory of caribou in British Columbia |
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Petition to designate critical habitat for the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort stock of the bowhead whale (Baleana [sic] mysticetus) under the Endangered Species Act |
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Petition to list the Aleutian population of the northern sea otter (Enhydra lutris) as an endangered species |
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Petition to list the California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) as a threatened or endangered species |
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Petition to list the southern resident killer whale (Orcinus orca) as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act |
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Pheasants status survey and conservation action plan, 2000-2004 / |
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phenology of space spatial aspects of bison density dependence in Yellowstone National Park / - Text phenology of space spatial aspects of bison density dependence in Yellowstone National Park / - Maps |
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Photographic identification of individual Archey's frogs, Leiopelma archeyi, from natural markings / |
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Phylogenetic relationships of oryzomine rodents (Muroidea:Sigmodontinae) : separate and combined analyses of morphological and molecular data / |
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Phylogenetic studies on didelphid marsupials. 2, Nonmolecular data and new IRBP sequences : separate and combined analyses of didelphine relationships with denser taxon samplings / |
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Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) / |
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Phylogeny and systematics of Squamata (Reptilia) based on morphology / Squamata (amphisbaenians, "lizards," mosasaurs, and snakes) is an extremely diverse clade with a rich fossil record. There is little consensus about the interrelationships of the major squamate clades (i.e., Iguania, Gekkota, Scincomorpha, Anguimorpha, Amphisbaenia, and Serpentes), or even the membership of some of these clades. Morphology-based cladistic analyses typically agree only that the major dichotomy in extant squamates is between Iguania and all other taxa. The phylogenetic placement of Amphisbaenia and Serpentes is particularly problematic. Incomplete taxon sampling is likely a major contributing factor to the absence of a consensus about squamate interrelationships. This study examines squamate relationships using 222 ingroup taxa scored for 363 morphological characters. Analysis of these data recovered 2,213 equally short trees with a length of 3,273 steps and a retention index of 0.7164. The results confirm the monophyly of the clades Scleroglossa (extant squamates exclusive of Iguania), Gekkota, Scincomorpha, Lacertoidea, Scincoidea, Anguimorpha, Carusioidea, Platynota, and Varanoidea. Novel results include the identification of a clade containing Scincidae sensu lato, Dibamidae, Amphisbaenia, and Serpentes; identification of a Mesozoic clade containing Bainguis, Eoxanta lacertifrons, Globaura venusta, and Myrmecodaptria; and identification of Dalinghosaurus as a basal shinisaur. A new taxonomic scheme is outlined. The names Iguanomorpha, Scincogekkonomorpha, Evansauria, and Mosasauriformes are applied to the stem-based groups including Iguania, Scleroglossa, Autarchoglossa, and Mosasauria, respectively. The importance of strict rigidity within taxonomy is questioned; taxonomy is most useful as a tool for communication about organisms or groups of organisms |
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Phylogeny of the cichlid subfamily Etroplinae and taxonomic revision of the Malagasy cichlid genus Paretroplus (Teleostei:Cichlidae) / |
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Physical condition of American martens, Martes americana, from two forest regions in northeastern Ontario |
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pictorial key for the identification of the subfamilies of Culicidae, genera of Culicinae, and subgenera of Aedes mosquitoes of the Afrotropical Region (Diptera:Culicidae) |
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Pigs, peccaries, and hippos status survey and conservation action plan / |
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Pilchard (Sardinops sagax) nursery areas and recruitment process assessment between different regions in southern Western Australia / |
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Pine weevil Hylobius abietis feeding in shelterwood systems / |
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Plenary lectures : 23rd International Ornithological Congress, Beijing, 11-17 August 2002 / - UW restricted |
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Point counts of birds what are we estimating? / Point counts of birds are made for many reasons, including estimating local densities, determining population trends, assessing habitat preferences, and exploiting the activities of recreational birdwatchers. Problems arise unless there is a clear understanding of what point counts mean in terms of actual populations of birds. Criteria for conducting point counts depend strongly on the purposes to which they will be put. This paper provides a simple mathematical conceptualization of point counts and illustrates graphically some of the influences on them |
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Polar bear Ursus maritimus Website devoted to the protection of polar bears and their habitat, and the threat to their survival from the melting of sea ice habitat due to global warming. Includes information on actions by the Center for Biological Diversity and other conservation organizations |
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Polar bears proceedings of the 13th Working Meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group, 23-28 June 2001, Nuuk, Greenland / |
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Polar bears proceedings of the Twelfth Working Meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group, 3-7 February 1997, Oslo, Norway / |
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POLiKEY an information system for polychaete families and higher taxa / Version 2 includes interactive key and information system, containing 104 polychaete taxa (including 17 higher-level taxa, 82 families, and five subfamily groups). Enables users to obtain identifications of adult polychaetes from any part of the world as well as family descriptions and general information on taxonomy, biology, and ecology |
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Pollinating insect responses to grazing intensity, grassland characteristics, and landscape complexity : behaviour, species diversity, and composition / To maintain viable populations of flower visitors, alternative grazing strategies are recommended. To maintain a high diversity of flower visitors in isolated grasslands local optimisation of grazing may be the best strategy. In interconnected landscapes a better strategy may be to vary grazing intensity at the landscape level. Grasslands with different grazing management could thus complement each other. In landscapes where conditions are particularly good for specific insects, a third alternative would be to manage the landscape to enhance the diversity of this particular group |
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Population dynamics of the gypsy moth : an annotated bibliography / |
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Population dynamics of the raggedtooth shark (Carcharias taurus) along the east coast of South Africa The C. taurus population exhibited complex stock structuring, by size and sex. Competitive shore anglers fished an estimated 37, 820 fishing days.year-1 (95% C.I. = 28, 281 - 47, 359 days.year-1) for sharks, and caught 1764 (95% C.I. = 321 - 3207) C. taurus. Although released alive, post-release mortality ranged from 3.85% for young-of-the-year sharks to 18.46% for adult sharks. Between 1984 and 2004, a total of 3471 C. taurus were tagged. In all, 302-tagged sharks (8.7%) were recaptured. Both juvenile (< 1.8 m TL) and adult sharks (> 1.8 m TL) displayed philopatric behaviour for specific parts of their ranges, including gestating and parturition areas. Significant differences were observed in the percentage of recaptures between the different tag types, tagging programs, individual taggers and capture methods used to tag sharks. The annual tag retention rate for juvenile sharks, 94.19% (95% C.I. = 80.68% - 100.00%) was significantly higher than for adult sharks, estimated at 29.00% (95% C.I. = 6.76% - 64.39%). Tag reporting rates, from fishermen varied both spatially and temporally from 0.28 (95% C.I. = 0.00 - 0.63) to 0.77 (95% C.I. = 0.56 - 0.97). Associated tag wound damage and biofouling growth indicated that B-type tags were a suitable tag type for use on C. taurus, whereas C-type tags were not. The CJS bias-adjusted estimate for juvenile survival was 0.456 (95% C.I. = 0.367 - 0.516) and for adult sharks, 0.865 (95% C.I. = 0.795 - 0.915). From 1984 to 2004 the mean bias-adjusted population size for juvenile sharks was estimated at 3506 (95% C.I. = 2433 - 4350) and for adult sharks, 5899 (95% C.I. = 7216 - 11904). Trends in abundance over the 20-year study period indicated a stable, healthy population |
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Population dynamics of Virginia's hunted black bear population |
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population ecology of wild horses in the Australian Alps |
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Population estimate and habitat associations of the long-billed curlew (Numenius americanus) in Alberta |
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Population estimates and a survey protocol for ferruginous hawks in Alberta |
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Population estimates for Peary caribou and muskox on Banks Island, NT, August 1992 / |
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Population fluctuations in mountain hares : a role for parasites? / |
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Population genetics of Boise Basin bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) We analyzed the population genetic structure of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the Boise River basin, Idaho. We determined the influence of contemporary (including anthropogenic) and historic factors on genetic structure, taking into account existing data on bull trout habitat patches in this basin. We tested three models of the organization of genetic structure in this system, where genetic structure would: a) parallel the stream hierarchy, b) correspond to habitat patch structure, or c) follow a pattern of isolation by distance. We found strongest support for the isolation by distance model. In addition, we found weak population differentiation within the Boise system (FST = 0.064), relative to other similarly scaled systems containing bull trout. Frequent disturbance may be responsible for the strong isolation by distance yet weak overall levels of population subdivision in this system. In addition, we found that the South Fork was a genetic outlier from the remainder of the Boise system and may have been colonized at a separate time than the Middle and North Forks. At least one dam (Kirby Dam) has noticeably reduced levels of gene flow. These results show that distinct patterns of genetic structure may occur in separate portions of a species' range, especially at the range extremes. Based on these results, we suggest the South Fork should be treated separately from the remainder of the basin. Bull trout in Mores Creek should be protected but our results suggest that this population may be comprised of adults entrained by Arrowrock Dam and unable to return to natal streams to spawn and are thus spawning in the only available habitat. Connectivity should be restored whenever possible in cases where human activities have eliminated migratory corridors |
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Population genetics of Death Valley pupfishes (Cyprinodontidae:Cyprinodon spp.) and the identification of a new retrotransposable element family Study of the genetic relationships and evolutionary histories of pupfish populations (Cyprinodontidae: Cyprinodon spp.) from the remnant aquatic habitats of Death Valley was approached by exploring the genetic structure and divergence within and among populations using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers. The findings of these studies illustrate the influences of population size and isolation time in the divergence of small, fragmented populations largely via genetic drift. The information revealed in this study has implications for assessing priorities in the conservation of the unique evolutionary heritage among populations of the Death Valley pupfishes. A new retrotransposable element family was identified and characterized. This family of genetic elements was uncovered during a search of the pupfish genome for transposable elements to be used as molecular markers for population analyses. The description of this element family, named "Swimmer 1" (SW1), provides new insights into the evolution of long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) in vertebrates. Therefore, a full characterization of the SW1 element family was undertaken in the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as well as in the pupfish genome. The Japanese medaka is a model organism widely used for genetic and developmental biology studies |
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Population genetics of Southeast Asian and Western Pacific green turtles, Chelonia mydas |
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Population health goals and assessment methods for steelhead in the Klamath Mountains Province / |
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Population modelling and management of snow geese / |
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Population monitoring programme for Archey's frog (Leiopelma archeyi) : pilot studies, monitoring design, and data analysis / Archey's frog (Leiopelma archeyi) is an endangered terrestrial species that occurs in two geographically distinct populations within the Waikato Region, New Zealand. There is concern about a possible decline in abundance in the Whareorino population because of predation and disease threats. However, knowledge of current trends in abundance within this population is limited. Since variable detection rates make abundance estimates from simple counts unreliable, a capture-recapture monitoring programme is needed. This report gives recommendations for the design and analysis of the monitoring programme. Capture-recapture pilot studies were carried out on five separate occasions in 2004-2005, with 2, 3, or 4 nights of sampling per trip, and nightly weather and search effort variables were recorded. Individual frogs were identified by their unique natural markings using a single digital photograph of the frog on a stage surrounded by mirrors. Capture-recapture analysis of these data gave preliminary estimates of abundance and capture probabilities. Using this information, power analyses were completed and the power to detect different types of abundance trends over time was tabled and graphed. The information presented will allow recommendations to be made about the number and size of grids and the number of nights of sampling per trip that will be required to detect a specified drop in abundance with confidence |
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Population parameters and distribution of the black petrel (Procellaria parkinsoni), 2005/06 / This report is part of a long-term study of the black petrel (Procellaria parkinsoni) on Great Barrier Island (Aotea Island). During the 2005/06 breeding season, 366 study burrows within the 35-ha study site near Mount Hobson were checked and intensively monitored. Breeding pairs used 257 burrows, non-breeding adults used 43 burrows, and the remaining 66 burrows were non-occupied. By 5 May 2006, 164 chicks were still present in the study burrows and 8 others were presumed to have already fledged, corresponding to a breeding success of 67%. Nine census grids were monitored within the study site and contained 148 of the inspected burrows, with 93 burrows being used for breeding. One new burrow (not recorded in previous years) was found. Twenty-four chicks from earlier breeding seasons were recaptured within the study site. Twenty-five percent of the random transects established within the study site in 2004/05 were re-surveyed. These results and previous data were analysed to clarify habitat grade characteristics and burrow density within the study site. This clearly identified zones of different burrow density (no burrows, low, medium and high burrow density areas). Based on these density ranges and incorporating habitat characteristics, the study area was stratified, and its black petrel population estimated to be in the range of 3164-4066 birds. Eleven geo-locator data-loggers were also deployed on breeding black petrels. These indicated that the foraging range for the black petrels was highly variable, with no apparent differences between the sexes. Seven birds foraged around the North Island of New Zealand, particularly along the continental shelf edges or seamounts. Four birds travelled near the Chatham Rise, two birds travelled further north towards Fiji, four birds travelled towards the eastern Australian coast and one bird travelled around the southern tip of the South Island of New Zealand. These preliminary results show how important accurate foraging and distribution information is for determining national and international fisheries risk for the black petrel. It is recommended that further tracking work is undertaken for this species |
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Population status and productivity of piping plovers and least terns using Fort Peck Reservoir and the Missouri River, northeast Montana |
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Population status and productivity of piping plovers and least terns using Fort Peck Reservoir and the Missouri River, northeast Montana |
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Population status of migratory game birds in Canada / - 2003 to present |
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Population status of the eastern North Pacific stock of gray whales in 2009 / |
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Population status reports Provides status reports on the populations of various mammals in the Northwest Territories, including black bear, grizzly bear, bison, caribou, Dall's sheep, lynx, marten, moose, and muskox |
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Population survey of the Nahanni wood bison population, March 2004 / |
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Population trends and habitat occurrence of forest birds on Southern national forests, 1992-2004 / |
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Population viability analysis for the southern resident population of the killer whale (Orcinus orca) |
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Population viability analysis of Puerto Rican parrots an assessment of its current status and prognosis for recovery / |
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Possible impacts of marine farming of mussels (Perna canaliculus) on king shags (Leucocarbo carunculatus) / |
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Possum monitoring using raised leg-hold traps / Possum populations are measured with leg-hold traps set on the ground. These can injure protected flightless birds. Field trials were conducted to compare results from traps set at ground level with traps positioned above the ground |
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Potential conservation impacts of high-altitude small mammals : a field study and literature review / |
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Potential impacts of mechanical cockle harvesting on shorebirds in Golden and Tasman Bays / |
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potential sensitivity of marine mammals to mining and exploration in the Great Australian Bight Marine Park Marine Mammal Protection Zone an independent review and risk assessment report to Environment Australia / This document contains an independent review of available information related to the sensitivities of marine mammals known to occur in the Great Australian Bight Marine Park (whales, dolphins, and sea lions) to activities conducted by the gas and petroleum industry during the course of their operations (including exploration, production, and decommissioning). A risk assessment was undertaken to determine the potential risks associated with possible future petroleum activities occurring within the Marine Mammal Protection Zone of the Great Australian Bight Marine Park (Commonwealth Waters) for incorporation into a review of the current management plan for the marine park, due to commence in 2003. Despite a significant number of publications on this topic, it was the general conclusion of the authors that there is still insufficient definitive data to determine, with any degree of certainty, what is likely to occur should petroleum operations be allowed in the Marine Mammal Protection Zone under the next management plan. In the context of the importance of the area for the recovery and conservation of the Australian sea lion and the southern right whale, application of the precautionary principle, as defined in the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), would support the continuation of the current ban on such activities until significantly more information is available demonstrating that these activities would not significantly impact upon southern right whales in this critical aggregation habitat and Australian sea lions in the coastal area |
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Power to detect trends in abundance of long-tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) using counts on line transects / |
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practical guide to the management and analysis of survivorship data from radio-tracking studies / - Pages 1-16 practical guide to the management and analysis of survivorship data from radio-tracking studies / - Pages 17-32 practical guide to the management and analysis of survivorship data from radio-tracking studies / - Pages 33-47 |
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Prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis) monitoring in Alberta preliminary investigations (2000) / |
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Prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis) hibernacula |
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Predation by marine birds and mammals in the subarctic North Pacific Ocean / |
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Predator-prey relationships in fishes : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium held in Glasgow, Scotland 11-15 July 1994 / - UW restricted |
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Predicting spatial patterns of animal pest abundance : a case study of the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) / |
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Predicting the impact and control of stoats : a review of modelling approaches / |
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Preliminary assessment and seasonal fluctuations in the fish biota inhabiting the concentrator ponds of Dampier Salt, Port Hedland : with options for the potential applications of results / |
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Preliminary keys to the mosquitoes of Vietnam |
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Preliminary status review of the Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis, Schneider, 1801) (Reptilia: Crocodylia) in the Lao People's Democratic Republic |
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Preliminary study of the effects of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in Tongariro National Park / |
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Premigratory movements of a long-ddistancemmigratory [sic] species, the wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) The postbreeding period in migratory bird species is an important, but often neglected, area of knowledge. From May-October of 1993-95, I studied the breeding and postbreeding ecology of 61 adults and postfledging movement of 43 juveniles in a radio-tagged population of wood thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) on the U.S. Marine Corps Base, Quantico, Virginia (38030N, 77025W). Fledglings became independent from their parents at 28-36 days post hatching and dispersed 307-5300 m from their natal sites to join flocks of conspecifics. About half (46%) of the young birds stayed in one dispersal site until migrating, but the rest visited other sites. In 40 instances, 15 fledglings moved up to 6 km out of the dispersal site and, after 1-5 days, returned to the locality occupied before initiating the movement. After dispersal, fledglings' positions (n = 556) occurred in (1) second growth and sapling stage sites at the edge of forested areas (52%), (2) gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) damaged deciduous forest (21.8%), (3) Virginia pine (Pinus virginianus) forest that had a heavy understory of young deciduous trees and an open canopy (15.6%), and (4) mature mixed forest (10.6%). Most fledglings (73%) left the Marine Base in September at the mean age of 81 days. After finishing breeding, adult wood thrushes underwent molt that extended from late July to early October. Flight-feather molt lasted on average 38 days and may have impaired flight efficiency in some individuals. Of 30 observed adults, 15 molted in the same area where they nested, and 15 moved 545 to 7290 m from their nesting sites. Molting sites were located in areas with a larger number of pines, less canopy cover, fewer trees with dbh >38 cm, and a denser understory strata than nesting sites (P < 0.1). My data suggest that a conservation strategy that focuses on identifying and protecting nesting habitat in the temperate region, although important, is incomplete at best if the events and needs during the postreproductive and postfledging periods are not considered |
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PRIMENet Ultraviolet Radiation/Amphibian Populations Research Planning Workshop, February 1-3, 1999 / |
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Priority habitats and species list / - Current report |
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Proceedings from the Caribou Genetics and Relationships Workshop, Edmonton, Alberta, March 8-9, 2003 / |
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Proceedings from the Conference on the Status of the Koala in 2001 5th, 6th, 7th November 2001 : "the National Koala Act" |
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Proceedings from the Conference on the Status of the Koala in 2002 11th, 12th, 13th November 2002 : "how the past affects the koala's future" |
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Proceedings from the Third Workshop on Genetics of Bark Beetles and Associated Microorganisms / |
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Proceedings Lymantriidae : a comparison of features of New and Old World tussock moths : June 26-July 1, 1988, New Haven, Connecticut / - Pages 1-154 Proceedings Lymantriidae : a comparison of features of New and Old World tussock moths : June 26-July 1, 1988, New Haven, Connecticut / - Pages 155-249 Proceedings Lymantriidae : a comparison of features of New and Old World tussock moths : June 26-July 1, 1988, New Haven, Connecticut / - Pages 250-318 Proceedings Lymantriidae : a comparison of features of New and Old World tussock moths : June 26-July 1, 1988, New Haven, Connecticut / - Pages 319-400 Proceedings Lymantriidae : a comparison of features of New and Old World tussock moths : June 26-July 1, 1988, New Haven, Connecticut / - Pages 401-554 |
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Proceedings of a workshop on Assessing Abundance and Trends for In-Water Sea Turtle Populations held at the Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 24-26 March 2000 / |
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Proceedings of the First Alberta North American Waterfowl Management Plan Biodiversity Conference : February 1 and 2, 2000, Mayfield Inn, Edmonton, Alberta / |
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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sea Turtle Conservation Genetics, 12-14 September 1995, Miami, Florida |
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Proceedings, Beaufort Sea Polar Bear Monitoring Workshop September 3-5, 2003, Anchorage, Alaska / "The goal of this meeting was to identify components for the development of a comprehensive, long-term polar bear monitoring program in association with the oil and gas industry in Alaska. This workshop was the initial effort to design an effective monitoring strategy that will provide information to help reduce bear/human interactions and help protect polar bear habitat for the southern Beaufort Sea polar bear population. Potential oil and gas industry impacts on polar bears which were discussed during the workshop included: habitat alteration, chemical contamination, attraction and preclusion of areas, oil spills, industrial noise, and polar bear interactions with humans. Ideally, an improved management plan which identifies information necessary to monitor polar bears of the southern Beaufort Sea stock will result from the recommendations of this workshop"--Executive summary |
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Proceedings, piping plovers and least terns of the Great Plains and nearby |
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Proceedings, The Missouri River and its Tributaries, Piping Plover and Least Tern Symposium/Workshop |
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Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Gypsy Moth Research Forum, 1997 : January 14-17, 1997, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 1-31 Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Gypsy Moth Research Forum, 1997 : January 14-17, 1997, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 34-59 Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Gypsy Moth Research Forum, 1997 : January 14-17, 1997, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 60-97 |
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Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Gypsy Moth Research Forum, 1998 January 20-23, 1998, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 1-36 Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Gypsy Moth Research Forum, 1998 January 20-23, 1998, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 37-72 |
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Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species, 1999 : January 19-22, 1999, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 1-40 Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species, 1999 : January 19-22, 1999, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland / - Pages 41-82 |
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Productivity of Peary caribou and muskoxen on Banks and Melville Islands, NT, July 2004 / We observed a total of 4,689 muskoxen including 4,426 adults, 82 yearlings, and 181 calves. Calves and yearlings represented approximately 4% and 2% of all muskoxen observed, respectively. The proportion of calves in the muskoxen population observed during July 2004 was the lowest documented on Banks Island since 1992. The low proportion of yearlings indicates that recruitment to the population in 2004 was very low. The low proportion of calves indicates that recruitment to the population in 2005 will also be low. A total of 471 muskox carcasses were found, with approximately 84% of these located on the northern portion of the island. This suggests that the most severe icing conditions occurred in this area. We believe that the underlying cause of the mortalities observed was malnutrition resulting from the severe icing condition on the island |
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Propalaeocastor (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the early Oligocene of Burqin Basin, Xinjiang / |
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Proposed monitoring plan for harlequin ducks in the Bow region of Alberta |
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Protected marine species identification guide |
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Protecting biodiversity through monitoring of management indicator species questioning designations of Ursus americanus (black bear) and Plethodon jordani (Jordan's salamander) / |
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Protecting wild Atlantic salmon from impacts of salmon aquaculture a country-by-country progress report / |
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Protocol for monitoring long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) populations in Alberta |
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Puget Sound's nearshore habitat |
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Pygmy locusts the fascinating world of Tetrigidae-- : Tetrigidae research / |
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Quantifying abundance of Hector's dolphins between Farewell Spit and Milford Sound / |
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quantitative basis for the use of fish as indicators of river health in eastern Australia |
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RANZ/DOC New Zealand falcon breeding survey, 1994-98 / |
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Raptor electrocutions and associated fire hazards in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area / |
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RATL a database of reptile and amphibian toxicology literature / |
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Rattlers and people conserving rattlesnakes in Lethbridge / |
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Rearing, identification, and biology of parasitoids and predators associated with Pissodes weevils in Canada / Methods for collecting and rearing parasitoids of larvae and pupae of Pissodes species are discussed. Illustrated keys are provided for the identification of 31 species of Diptera and Hymenoptera, which are parasitoids, hyperparasitoids, and scavengers associated with Pissodes species. Twenty-six of these species are known to occur in Canada, and another 5 are widespread in the United States and probably occur in Canada. A list is provided of 33 other species which have been recorded as associates of Pissodes species, but whose records are suspect and have not been confirmed. A brief discussion of the biology and abundance of each species which is included in the key is given. A glossary is given |
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Reasons for decline, conservation needs, and a translocation of the critically endangered upe (Marquesas imperial pigeon, Ducula galeata), French Polynesia / |
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Recommended guiding principles for wolf management in Michigan |
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Recommended recovery actions for the Hawaiian monk seal population at Midway Island |
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Recovery from and effects of a catastrophic flood and debris flow on the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population and instream habitat of the Staunton River, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia |
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Recovery history of greenback cutthroat trout population characteristics, hatchery involvement, and bibliography / The greenback cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki stomias) is native to the mountain and foothill waters of the South Platte and Arkansas river basins in Colorado. This taxon declined rapidly beginning near the turn of the century and was listed under the Endangered Species Act in 1973. We assembled all available information from a variety of sources to document recovery efforts from 1957 to 1999. For each greenback cutthroat trout population, we noted (1) the characteristics of recovery waters and dates of population discovery or introduction; (2) fish abundance estimates; (3) analyses of genetic purity; (4) salmonid fauna, removal efforts, and reinvasions; and (5) dates, sources, and numbers of fish used to establish populations. For each hatchery used to assist recovery, we noted (1) sources and numbers of fish delivered to them; (2) sources, sex ratios, and production of fish used to create particular year classes; and (3) dates, numbers, and sizes of hatchery fish shipped to establish wild populations or supplement other hatchery stocks |
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Recovery of targeted reef fish at Tuhua Marine Reserve--monitoring and constraints / |
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Recovery plan for bighorn sheep in the Peninsular ranges, California / |
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Recovery plan for grizzly bears in the North Cascades of British Columbia |
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Recovery plan for marine turtles in Australia |
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Recovery plan for marsupial moles Notoryctes typhlops and N. caurinus, 2005-2010 / |
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Recovery plan for North Island kokako |
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Recovery plan for stream frogs of south-east Queensland, 2001-2005 This document is a five-year multi-species plan for the recovery of seven threatened stream frogs of south-east Queensland. The southern dayfrog and southern gastric-brooding frog declined and disappeared in the late 1970s to early 1980s. They have not been located since then, despite considerable survey effort. All other species are reported to have undergone population declines, although these are sometimes poorly quantified. One of these species, the cascade treefrog, declined markedly in Queensland in the late 1970s-early 1980s. However, numbers have since shown some recovery |
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Recovery plan for the grey nurse shark (Carcharias taurus) in Australia |
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Recovery plan for the Hawaiian monk seal, Monachus schauinslandi |
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Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida) Plan de recuperacion del tecolote moteado Mexicano / |
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Recovery plan for the Micronesian megapode (Megapodius laperouse laperouse) |
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Recovery plan for the northern hairy-nosed wombat Lasiorhinus krefftii, 2004-2008 |
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Recovery plan for the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) / |
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Recovery plan for the threatened marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in Washington, Oregon, and California |
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Recovery plan for the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis) |
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Recovery plan for U.S. Pacific populations of the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) / |
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Recovery plan for U.S. population of Atlantic green turtle (Chelonia mydas) / |
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Recovery plan for woodland caribou in the Selkirk Mountains |
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Recovery plans adopted under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Lists and provides full text of recovery plans for Australian endangered plants and animals |
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Recovery plans for Powelliphanta land snails, 2003-2013 / |
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Recovery strategy for the piping plover (Charadrius melodus circumcinctus) in Canada |
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Red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) relocation and education project final report / |
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Redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri) population and habitat surveys in southern Owyhee County, Idaho / |
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Reef fish of the Sugar Loaf Islands (Nga Motu) Marine Protected Area, New Zealand / |
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Regional diversity and biogeography of coastal fishes on the West Coast South Island of New Zealand / |
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Regional population monitoring of the marbled murrelet : field and analytical methods / |
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Reindeer use of alpine summer habitats / |
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Reintroduction of kaka (Nestor meridionalis septentrionalis) to Mount Bruce Reserve, Wairarapa, New Zealand / |
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Relationships among wolves, hunting, and population trends of black-tailed deer in the Nimpkish Valley on Vancouver Island |
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Relative abundance and thermal and geographic distribution of sea turtles off the U.S. Atlantic coast based on aerial surveys (1963-1969) |
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remarkable new mouse (Muridae:Sigmodontinae) from southeastern Peru : with comments on the affinities of Rhagomys rufescens (Thomas, 1886) / |
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Remote sensing of wetlands in Yellowstone National Park As part of the Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative, satellite remote sensing was used to identify potential wetland amphibian habitat in Yellowstone National Park. Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery was combined with ancillary predictors of wetland occurrence including habitat type, cover type, landform type, bedrock geology, soil attributes, terrain measures, and climate data. Classification trees were used to predict the likelihood of palustrine wetland occurrence across the Yellowstone landscape. Wetland maps generated by this study are intended to address shortcomings of the National Wetland Inventory in Yellowstone; namely, errors-of-omission and the temporally invariant nature of the inventory. Relative importance of Thematic Mapper imagery, image texture information, terrain measures, and thematic spatial data were assessed by comparing the accuracy of classification trees trained with different subsets of predictors. In general, classification trees using all available predictors exhibited the greatest accuracy. Classification tree structure was similar in models generated with satellite imagery from different years. Also, similar accuracy rates were found across years. The results indicate that the method could be applied to annual wetland monitoring. Average producer's accuracy for the palustrine wetland class was approximately 0.92. Five palustrine wetland classes were discriminated with an average overall accuracy of approximately 0.83. A wetland map derived from a 1 August, 2003 Thematic Mapper image was field-verified in late-summer and early-autumn of 2003. The classification tree methodology appears to be sensitive to within-season wetland condition and yearly wetland variability. Satellite remote sensing located wetlands not mapped by the National Wetland Inventory and also identified upland sites erroneously classified as wetland. Methods developed by this study are general enough to be applied in other physiographic settings and should prove to be useful to amphibian conservation efforts over large geographic extents |
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Report of the Second Workshop on the Biology and Conservation of Small Cetaceans and Dugongs of Southeast Asia : Silliman University, Dumaguete City, Philippines, 24-26 July, 2002 / |
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Report of the Workshop to Review Current Knowledge of the Status of Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Eastern Caribbean and to Discuss, Plan, and Coordinate Future Research |
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Report on bird banding in New Zealand, 1993/1994 / |
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Report on bird banding in New Zealand, 1994/1995 / |
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Report on efforts to prevent extinction of Kemp's ridley sea turtle through head starting / |
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Report on the conservation status of migratory waterbirds in the Agreement area / |
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Report on the conservation status of migratory waterbirds in the Agreement area / |
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Report to Congress |
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Report to Parks Australia North, on the estuarine fish inventory of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia / |
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Reports and bulletins (1939-1942) of Ornithological Society of New Zealand |
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Reproduction, survival, and denning ecology of black bears in southwestern Virginia We monitored 31 bears for 39 bear winters with 100% of the known bears denning. Bears denned in trees (41%), rock cavities (32%), excavations (14%), snags (8%), and ground nests (5%). Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus; n = 9), red oak (Q. rubra; n = 8), and tulip-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera; n = 1) were used as tree dens. Habitat characteristics did not differ between ground dens and tree dens; however, older bears used ground dens more frequently (Z = -2.484, P = 0.013) than tree dens. Fifty-seven percent of bears denned on public land, and we documented one instance of den reuse |
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Reproductive biology of female prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis viridis) in Alberta |
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Reptile tour of Canada - version organized by province/territory Reptile tour of Canada - version organized by ecozone Provides information on the reptiles found in each of Canada's provinces and territories and ecozones. Gives common names in both English and French. Includes photographs, distribution maps, and species accounts |
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Reptiles of Washington Checklist of the reptiles of Washington, including 6 species of native turtles (2 freshwater turtles and 4 sea turtles), 7 species of lizards, and 12 species of snakes. Includes photographs, biological and conservation information, links to distribution maps, as well as links to other reptile resources |
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Research on fishes of the Great Barrier Reef |
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Research on humpback and blue whales off California, Oregon, and Washington in 2000 final report / |
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Research on humpback and blue whales off California, Oregon, and Washington in 2001 final report / |
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Research on humpback and blue whales off California, Oregon, and Washington in 2002 final report / |
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Research problem analysis for greater sage-grouse in Oregon final report / |
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Research summary and options for conservation of kaka (Nestor meridionalis) / |
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Researching amphibian numbers in Alberta (RANA) 2002 provincial summary / |
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Researching amphibian numbers in Alberta (RANA) 2003 provincial report / |
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Researching amphibian numbers in Alberta (RANA) 2004 provincial summary / |
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Researching amphibian numbers in Alberta (RANA) 2005 provincial summary / |
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Resource partitioning between two sympatric Australian skinks, Egernia multiscutata and Egernia whitii |
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Response of birds to thinning young douglas-fir forests |
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Response of birds to thinning young douglas-fir forests |
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Responses of avian communities to shelterwood cuts and prescribed burns in eastern deciduous forests Avian species composition and abundance appear most impacted within the burn plots in 2001. Species richness is highest in the thin only and thin and burn plots. Daily nest survival rates are similar across treatments and years. My results are comparable to other studies that found these management practices provide habitat for both gap associated birds and mature forest birds. Further research is needed to determine the impact of other factors that may mask treatment effects |
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Responses of fish communities to sustained removals of perch (Perca fluviatilis) / |
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Responses of fishes and salamanders to instream restoration efforts in western Oregon and Washington |
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Responses of Mexican spotted owls to low-flying military jet aircraft / |
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Results of surveys for piping plover (Charadrius melodus) and least tern (Sterna antillarum) in Montana, summer 1990 |
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Results of the 2001 survey of the reintroduced sea otter population in Washington State |
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Results of the 2006 eastern Bering Sea continental shelf bottom trawl survey of groundfish and invertebrate resources / |
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Reunion de America del Norte sobre la Mariposa Monarca, 1997 ponencias : biologia, conservacion, sustentabilidad y desarrollo, y educacion ambiental / |
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Revegetation and wildlife : a guide to enhancing revegetated habitats for wildlife conservation in rural environments / |
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review and synthesis of effects of alterations to the water temperature regime on freshwater life stages of salmonids, with special reference to chinook salmon |
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Review of chondrichthyan fishes / |
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review of current knowledge on marine mammals in Malaysia & adjacent waters |
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Review of international literature relevant to stoat control / |
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Review of land cover data and suitability of ALCES for evaluating cumulative effects on boreal caribou in the Dehcho Region / ALCESO is a computer-based strategic-level simulation tool that has been used extensively by resource managers, the scientific community, and industrial landusers to understand cumulative effects of human land uses. In December 2006, a small working group, the Northwest Territories ALCESO working group (WG), was established between the Government of the Northwest Territories and Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, to develop and undertake a pilot project to better understand the utility of ALCESO in a northern context. The proposed approach was to develop a case study within the Dehcho Region because of the extensive work on land use planning and associated background research on resource potential and cumulative effects management. In this report, our objectives were to 1) assess the suitability of land cover classification datasets that are available for the proposed study area, and 2) provide an overview of how ALCESO simulates the response of caribou to land use changes in a boreal forest landscape. We suggest that the Earth Observation for Sustainable Development of Forests (EOSD) dataset provides the most appropriate landcover classification for the pilot project because of its consistency across the proposed study area. The EOSD land cover classification will take minimal time and additional work to incorporate into ALCESO because it will not require additional filtering and mosaicking across satellite images. The EOSD land cover classification also presents a realistic option for extension into northern Alberta and northeastern British Columbia (or further down the Mackenzie Valley), should it be deemed necessary to expand the study area in the future. With respect to modeling the impacts of land use on boreal caribou, we think that the Boreal Caribou Committee (BCC) equation developed for boreal caribou in northern Alberta provides a simple and technically-defensible approach that would be easily used by the WG. Using ALCESO as a learning tool in a comparative and not a predictive sense will help the WG understand the potential cumulative effects of land use scenarios on regional landscapes and boreal caribou specifically. A likely benefit of using the BCC caribou model in ALCESO is that it will lead to specific questions about how the boreal caribou submodel could be improved and made more relevant to the Northwest Territories. Other options to develop an alternate boreal caribou submodel in ALCESO include 1) using boreal caribou habitat research on the Snake-Sahtaneh herd in north east British Columbia and/or 2) develop specific Dehcho boreal caribou habitat models based on radio-telemetry data from the southern NWT and analytical approaches currently being developed for caribou in the lower Mackenzie Valley. In any case, the main benefit of using ALCESO is that it provides a logical framework to link boreal caribou and land use, and a modeling structure with which to test old assumptions and incorporate new knowledge and research findings |
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Review of rat invasion biology : implications for island biosecurity / |
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Review of scientific information on impacts of seismic sound on fish, invertebrates, marine turtles, and marine mammals |
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Review of small cetaceans : distribution, behaviour, migration and threats / |
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review of the cardinalfishes (Perciformes:Apogonidae) of the Red Sea / |
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Review of the distribution and abundance of deepwater sharks in New Zealand waters / |
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review of the ecology, management, and conservation of the northern goshawk in British Columbia / |
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Review of the forest habitat relationships of the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) / |
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review of the triplefin fish genus Enneapterygius (Blennioidei:Tripterygiidae) in the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of four new species / The fishes of the tripterygiid genus Enneapterygius of the western Indian Ocean (excluding Sri Lanka) are reviewed. Four new species, E. elaine, E. gruschkai, E. genamaculatus, and E. kosiensis are described and several species are redescribed. Enneapterygius elaine is known only from Rodrigues, E. gruschkai, a medium-sized species, is known from the Comoro Islands, Mauritius, St. Brandon Shoals, and the Chagos Archipelago; E. genamaculatus is known only from St. Brandon Shoals and E. kosiensis is known only from the northern KwaZulu-Natal coast. The first and last two species are small species, less than 23 mm SL. A key is provided for the 17 species recognised in the region |
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Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Hadronema group (Miridae, Orthotylinae, Orthotylini), with descriptions of new genera and new species, and comments on the Neotropical genus Tupimiris / Aoplonema Knight, Daleapidea Knight, Hadronema Uhler, and Hadronemidea Reuter are revised. Aoplonema nigrum, sp. nov., A. rubrum, sp. nov., Hadronema incognitum, sp. nov., and H. mexicanum, sp. nov. are described. Hadronemidea echinata, comb. nov. is proposed for Hadronema echinata Gruetzmacher and Schaffner, 1977. Aoplonemella, gen. nov. is described to accommodate Hadronema festiva Van Duzee, 1910; and Origonema, gen. nov. is described to accommodate Hadronema splendida Gibson, 1918. Scutomiris setosus, gen. et sp. nov. are described from Baja California Sur, Mexico. This new genus is superficially similar to the Neotropical genus Tupimiris. Male genitalic characters not mentioned in the original description of T. scutellatus are illustrated and compared with those of S. setosus, showing that the two are not related. Aoplonema, Aoplonemella, Daleapidea, Hadronema, Hadronemidea, Origonema, and Scutomiris form a monophyletic group herein denominated the Hadronema group. Dorsal habitus color photographs of all the species, scanning electron micrographs of selected species for each genus, and illustrations of male and female genitalic characters are provided for all species. Keys to separate the genera and species treated in this paper are presented. A phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships among the genera is proposed, and host-plant associations are discussed |
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Revision of Europiella Reuter in North America, with the description of a new genus (Heteroptera:Miridae:Phylinae) / |
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Revision of Phoenicocoris Reuter with descriptions of three new species from North America and a new genus from Japan (Heteroptera:Miridae:Phylinae) / |
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revision of the Australasian ground spiders of the families Ammoxenidae, Cithaeronidae, Gallieniellidae, and Trochanteriidae (Araneae, Gnaphosoidea) / |
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revision of the Australasian ground spiders of the family Prodidomidae (Araneae:Gnaphosoidea) / |
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Revision of the gurnard fish subgenus Otohime (Triglidae:Pterygotrigla) / |
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Revision of the Mexican genera Ficinus Distant and Jornandes Distant, with the description of 21 new species (Heteroptera:Miridae:Orthotylinae:Orthotylini) / |
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Revision of the plant bug genus Coridromius Signoret (Insecta:Heteroptera:Miridae) / The plant bug genus Coridromius Signoret is revised. Twenty-one new species from Australia, the South Pacific, Asia, and Africa are described (bicolor, boianotum, bulbopella, chenopoderis, confusus, crassus, drepanopenis, ephippius, epithema, falsicoleus, hermosus, lestoni, marmoreus, monotocopsis, pilbarensis, prolixipenis, pteraulos, ruwenzorii, sommelieri, tahitiensis, and thalame). Ten previously described species are redescribed (schuhi is excluded, as the type material is presumed lost and Linnavuori's original description and illustrations (Linnavuori, 1994) are not sufficient to distinguish schuhi from most other species). The genus Coridromoides Carvalho is synonymized with Coridromius, and its sole species, Coridromoides carinatus Carvalho, 1956, is transferred to Coridromius. A key to species, color habitus figures, illustrations of male genitalia, photographs of paragenital dissections, and scanning electron micrographs of structural details are provided. Detailed locality information and distribution maps of all species are included. Host plant data is provided for some species |
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Riparian lichens of northern Idaho / |
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Risk assessment for establishment of poistine (Polistes spp.) and vespine (Vespula spp.) wasps on the Three Kings Islands in the far north of New Zealand / Three main variables affecting establishment on the Three Kings Islands were: the number of vessels passing the island within the flight range of a queen wasp, the probability of one of those vessels harbouring a queen wasp, and the availability of resources on the islands |
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Rocky Mountain wolf recovery ... annual report - (U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Mountain-Prairie Region) 1999 to 2004 |
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role of the Hauraki Gulf Cable Protection Zone in protecting exploited fish species : de facto marine reserve? / The Cable Protection Zone (CPZ) in northeastern New Zealand's Hauraki Gulf protects a large area of seabed from fishing and anchoring. We assessed whether the CPZ has similar conservation benefits to marine reserves; in particular, whether exploited fish species are more abundant inside the CPZ. Baited underwater video (BUV) was used to assess the abundance of carnivorous fish at stations inside and outside the CPZ in February and October 2004. Sampling was stratified between shallow soft-sediment (20-30 m depth) and deep reef (40-60 m) habitats. Carnivorous fish species were recorded in lower numbers and lower diversity on soft-sediment habitats (nine species) than on deep reef habitats (21 species). Fish assemblage structure on deep reefs was strongly influenced by depth and substratum type, whereas management status (i.e. inside v. outside the CPZ) had no detectable effect. There was also no effect of management status on the size and abundance of snapper (Pagrus auratus), the most heavily targeted fish species in the region. The numbers of legal-sized blue cod (Parapercis colias) tended to be higher at stations inside the CPZ. The overall lack of response of exploited species to protection in the CPZ may be due to the limited time of protection (< 4 years), illegal fishing observed in the CPZ, and/or a limited availability of habitat necessary to hold relatively mobile exploited species. As for marine reserves, CPZs are only likely to be effective in protecting exploited species if they contain areas of suitable habitat and the notake status of the area is enforced |
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roles of food and predation in shaping adaptive and maladaptive behaviors in postfire bird species Resource levels have been widely recognized to change over time as organisms recover from fire damage or recolonize a site after a wildfire. I report on the importance of food limitation versus nest predation on the expression of plastic life-history traits in dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis). Junco clutch size was primarily determined by habitat-specific and seasonal changes in food availability, while nest predation risk shaped egg laying decisions when food was extremely limited. Conversely, nestling growth rates were primarily determined by habitat-specific, seasonal changes in nest predation risk, but were mediated by food availability. Results illustrate that food is more important than environmental risk of nest predation in shaping the expression of clutch size. Overall, results demonstrate the birds assess and respond to variation in nest predation risk and food availability at fine temporal and spatial scales, and that that both factors play an important role in the expression of avian reproductive strategies |
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Roost tree selection by maternal colonies of northern long-eared myotis in an intensively managed forest / |
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Royal albatross (Diomedea epomophora) on Enderby Island, Auckland Islands / - Main text Royal albatross (Diomedea epomophora) on Enderby Island, Auckland Islands / - Data supplement |
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RSG Resource produced by the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Special Group (RSG) that contains the first 22 issues of the group's newsletter, RSG guidelines, a bibliography, a directory of practitioners, IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and other conservation policies and reports, and RSG and SSC strategic plans |
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Ruffed grouse status, hunting, and response to habitat management in Missouri / |
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Safety in bear country : protective measures and bullet performance at short range / |
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Sage grouse management plan |
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Salmon habitat limiting factors reports |
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Sample-based fishery surveys : a technical handbook / |
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Sampling methods for terrestrial amphibians and reptiles / |
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Sand lance : a review of biology and predator relations and annotated bibliography / |
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Sandhill cranes and the Platte River Online version of Krapu's book published by Cornell University |
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Saving all the parts protecting species of Northwest old-growth forests / |
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Science advisory report - 2005 to present |
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Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding / |
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Scientific evaluation of the status of the northern spotted owl |
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Scientific Workshop on the Margaret River Marron, West Australian Marine Research Laboratories, May 10, 2002 / |
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Scombrids of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos, and related species known to date / |
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Sea turtle conservation and education on the Tiwi Islands final NHT report / |
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Sea turtles of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of sea turtle species known to date / |
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Sea turtles publications Bibliographies, with links to full text (mostly in PDF format), of peer review publications, unpublished reports, NOAA technical memoranda, contract reports, and theses and dissertations on sea turtles, most written by staff of the Southeast Fisheries Science Center |
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Seal callouts in the Kaikoura region involving the Department of Conservation / Department of Conservation (DOC) staff spend considerable time attending callouts relating to seals, primarily New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri), in the Kaikoura region of New Zealand. This study analyses DOC data on 630 seal-related callouts, relating to 801 incidents, between July 1995 and October 2004. The most common DOC response was "check only" (65.9%), with "no action" taken in only 3.5% of incidents. Most seal-related incidents occurred on the northern side of the Kaikoura Peninsula (44%), with tourists (34%) the most likely to report an incident. The majority of incidents reported were unexplained deaths of seals (40.9%), followed by entanglements (21.5%). Most incidents (97.5%) involved fur seals. Unexplained death accounted for 84.2% of fur seal mortalities; other causes of death included illness/injury (2.4%), vehicle and train strikes (10.6%), direct human harassment (1.4%), and dog attacks (0.5%). Over 97% of vehicle strikes were fatal. Entanglement accounted for 0.8% of fur seal deaths, with 1.7% of these incidents fatal. DOC responded to 89.5% of entanglement related incidents, with a 39.5% success rate in releasing entangled fur seals. DOC callout reports provide useful information on the frequency, outcomes, and location of different types of seal-related incidents and baseline data against which to monitor trends and allocate resources. More emphasis on understanding the causes of unexplained deaths would be beneficial for population management. Monitoring of mortalities associated with entanglements, illness, and road-related incidents is required as human and seal populations continue to increase in the region |
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Searches for raptor monitoring sites during autumn migration in southwestern and southcentral Idaho in 1996 : final report / |
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Seasonal abundance, size distribution, and blood biochemical values of loggerheads (Caretta caretta) in Port Canaveral Ship Channel, Florida / |
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Seasonal ranges of the Cape Bathurst, Bluenose-West, and Bluenose-East barren-ground caribou herds / |
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Setting conservation and research priorities for larger African carnivores / |
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Sharks of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date / - v. 2 |
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Sheep surveys of the Liard Range, Nahanni Range, and Ram Plateau in the Mackenzie Mountains, August 2003 / |
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Shorebird conservation in Australia |
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Short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi hernandesi) populations in Alberta 2002 survey results / |
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Shortfinned eel found in the acidic Whangaehu River, Mt Ruapehu / An eel specimen found on the bank of the Whangaehu River, Mt Ruapehu, in late October/November was examined to determine its species and age, together with its gender and sexual maturity, and also to assess its probable movement pattern prior to death. The location at which the eel was found is significant because it is about 6 km upstream of the Tokiahuru/Mangaehuehu confluence, which used to be a traditional eel fishery location for the local iwi Ngati Rangi, and is the first part of the Whangaehu River where its acid volcano-fed waters are significantly diluted. The specimen was shown to be a subadult female shortfinned eel (Anguilla australis), 795 mm long and 1526 g in weight. Age was estimated from sagittal otoliths to be about 31 years in freshwater, and it had lived in a limiting habitat in the last 13 years. Although "average" water quality has probably improved in the Whangaehu River above the Tokiahuru confluence since the 1995/96 Ruapehu eruption, any causal relationship between that and the eel's location may be coincidental |
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Shortjaw kokopu (Galaxias postvectis) in the northern Tararua Ranges : distribution and habitat selection / |
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shrew (-ist's) site a contribution to promote the investigation of the biology of the Soricidae (Insectivora - Mammalia) / Presents information about the biology of the Soricidae or shrews. Includes a bibliography, photographs, a newsletter, and chat rooms, as well as shrew facts and stories. Provides information about meetings, projects, funding, and merchandise |
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Significance of selective predation and development of prey protection measures for juvenile salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs : annual report, February 1992 - February 1993 / |
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Sillaginid fishes of the world (family Sillaginidae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the sillago, smelt, or Indo-Pacific whiting species known to date / |
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Singing insects of North America "The primary goal of this Web site is to enable users to identify crickets, katydids, and cicadas from America north of Mexico. The males of most species in these groups make loud, persistent calls that attract sexually ready, conspecific females. Because the songs are loud and species specific they are usually an easy means of identifying the caller. They also facilitate field and laboratory studies of many sorts. Secondary goals are to attract amateur and professional biologists to the study of singing insects and to provide helpful information and access to literature." |
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Situation analysis report current state of scientific knowledge on kangaroos in the environment, including ecological and economic impact and effect of culling / |
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Slime-mold beetles of the genus Agathidium Panzer in North and Central America, Coleoptera:Leiodidae / - pt.1 Slime-mold beetles of the genus Agathidium Panzer in North and Central America, Coleoptera:Leiodidae / - pt.2 |
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Small mammals in the rainforest canopy a neglected group of conservational concern? |
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Small mammals of North Dakota |
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Smithiana. Special publication |
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Smolt monitoring at the head of Lower Granite Reservoir and Lower Granite Dam - 1989 to present |
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Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (Families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes, scabbardfishes, hairtails, and |
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Snake River sockeye salmon habitat and limnological research annual report 1994 / |
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Snappers of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of Lutjanid species known to date / |
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Snohomish River basin salmonid habitat conditions review |
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Snow flies |
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Snow goose population problem |
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Social acceptability of stoats and stoat control methods : a survey of the New Zealand public / |
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Social acceptability of stoats and stoat control methods : focus group findings / |
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social organization of tigers (Panthera tigris) in Royal Chitawan National Park, Nepal / |
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Social wasps in amber / |
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Socio-economic assessment of the Recovery plan for grizzly bears in the North Cascades of British Columbia final report, December 17th, 2003 / |
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Socioeconomic manual for coral reef management |
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Soil nematode communities in grasslands : effects of plant species identity and diversity / There was a succession of the nematode fauna during the eight years after establishment of the experimental grassland, especially indicated by the increase in maturity index of the nematode fauna. The results highlight the need for long-term experiments to reveal successional trends in soil nematode communities after cessation of agriculture. The increase of plant feeders with time, the slow colonization rate and the enhanced abundance of fungal feeders in soil under forbs have implications for nature restoration of former agricultural land |
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Some early 1990s studies in kiwi (Apteryx spp.) genetics and management / - Pages 1-9 Some early 1990s studies in kiwi (Apteryx spp.) genetics and management / - Pages 11-34 Some early 1990s studies in kiwi (Apteryx spp.) genetics and management / - Pages 35-56 Some early 1990s studies in kiwi (Apteryx spp.) genetics and management / - Pages 57-65 |
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Some results on the combined removal and signs-of-activities estimators for sampling closed animal populations / |
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Songbirds of North Dakota |
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Southern Headwaters at Risk Project (SHARP) amphibian and western painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) surveys, 2003-2004 |
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Southern right whales wintering in the Auckland Islands / - Pages 1-25 Southern right whales wintering in the Auckland Islands / - Pages 26-31 |
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Sparrows of North Dakota |
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Spatial and temporal relationships of adult male black bears to roads in northwest Montana, 2003-2004 Bear distribution proximate to roads differed significantly (p<0.01) between seasons. Specifically, road use--especially of open roads--decreased from nonhunting to hunting seasons for both samples. Bears avoided roads during the fall compared to summer, which may reduce bear vulnerability during the fall hunt. My research neither fully refuted nor supported the question of whether restricting roads appeared to change the effects of season. Although other possible explanations exist, adult male black bears were less likely to be in the roaded area at times when shooting was legal (during the hunting seasons), which is consistent with the idea that they survive to maturity by avoiding the roaded area thus avoiding hunting and traffic |
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spatial organization and habitat selection patterns of barren-ground grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut final report to the West Kitikmeot/Slave Study Society / |
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Spatial variation in invertebrate communities in New Zealand braided rivers / Large braided rivers are a distinctive feature of the landscape in several regions of New Zealand. The invertebrate communities of braided rivers have been described as taxonomically depauperate, but recent research has suggested otherwise. We conducted a field survey of 11 braided rivers, collecting benthic invertebrates from six reaches dispersed down each river, and sampling up to five habitats per reach. We compared the taxonomic richness of these braided, multichannel rivers with non-braided, single channel rivers, and found that braided rivers actually support very diverse invertebrate assemblages when all floodplain habitats are included in analyses. We then compared biodiversity patterns within braided rivers. A total of 144 taxa and over 100 000 individuals were collected from the 11 braided rivers. Thirty-four percent of taxa were found in <= 3 rivers and comprised < 1% of all individuals, whereas 13% of taxa were found in all rivers and constituted 80% of all individuals. Total taxonomic richness ranged from 99 taxa in the Wairau River to 56 taxa in the Waiapu River. Surprisingly, no consistent longitudinal pattern in taxonomic richness or density was found; however, braided reaches were more diverse than headwater and gorge reaches. At the reach scale, 80% of lateral habitats (i.e. springs and ponds) were more diverse than their associated main channel. These findings show that despite high variation between and within rivers, lateral floodplain habitats are important biodiversity hotspots. Therefore, any assessment of the diversity of braided rivers must incorporate sampling across multiple spatial scales and include the full range of habitats present in the floodplain |
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Spawning abundance of chinook salmon in the Taku River in 2003 / A cooperative study involving the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and the Taku River Tlingit First Nation was conducted to estimate the number of spawning Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Taku River in 2003 with a mark-recapture experiment. Fish were captured at Canyon Island on the lower Taku River with fish wheels from May through August and were individually marked with back-sewn, solid-core spaghetti tags. All tagged fish were also batch marked with an opercle punch plus removal of the left axillary appendage. Sampling on the spawning grounds in tributaries was used to estimate the fraction of the population that had been marked. The estimated spawning abundance of small Chinook salmon (< 400 mm long; mid-eye to fork of tail) was 3,489 (SE = 1,052). Spawning abundance of medium-size Chinook salmon (401-659 mm) was estimated to be 16,780 (SE = 2,274). Finally, spawning abundance of large-size fish (>= 660 mm) was estimated to be 36,435 (SE = 6,705), and the estimated total of all fish was 56,704 (SE = 7,158). The sum of the peak aerial survey counts of large spawning Chinook salmon conducted at five index tributaries of the Taku River was 16% of the mark-recapture estimate. Age 1.3 fish (1998 brood year) constituted an estimated 40% of the spawning population, followed by age 1.2 fish (1999 brood year), which constituted an estimated 29% of the population |
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Spawning ground surveys in the Wood River Lakes / |
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Spawning, egg development, and early life history dynamics of arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) in the Gulf of Alaska / |
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Species at risk Especes en peril |
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Species boundaries in scleractinian corals a case study of the Acropora humilis species group / |
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Species composition and size class distribution of marine turtle strandings on the Gulf of Mexico and southeast United States coasts, 1985-1991 |
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Species inventory fundamentals - Inventory dataforms Species inventory fundamentals This manual presents an introduction to the species inventory program in British Columbia. It describes the history and objectives of Resources Inventory Committee (RIC), and outlines the general process of conducting a species inventory according to RIC standards, including selection of inventory intensity, sampling design, sampling techniques, and statistical analysis |
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Species notes for amphibians |
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Species notes for mammals |
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Species notes for reptiles |
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Species notes for selected birds |
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Species of concern Provides lists of and information on Washington State endangered, threatened, sensitive, and candidate species of animals, including status reports, recovery plans, and links to related resources. Includes search engines |
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Species profile : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (mid-Atlantic). Bay anchovy / |
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Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements (Gulf of Mexico). Brown shrimp / |
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Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fisheries [i.e. fishes] and invertebrates (Gulf of Mexico). Common rangia / |
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Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Gulf of Mexico). Black drum / |
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Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (North Atlantic). American lobster / |
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Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest). Chum salmon / |
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Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Southwest). Black, green, and red abalones / |
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Species, age, and sex identification of ducks using wing plumage / |
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Species-habitat relationship models for amphibians |
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Species-habitat relationship models for birds |
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Species-habitat relationship models for mammals |
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Species-habitat relationship models for reptiles |
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Species-habitat relationships for the breeding birds of a longleaf pine ecosystem |
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Sperm whale watching off Kaikoura, New Zealand effects of current activities on surfacing and vocalisation patterns / |
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spider subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae) : a phylogenetic revision at the generic level / |
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Spiders (Araneae) of the Yukon |
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Spiders in the agricultural landscape : diversity, recolonisation, and body condition / |
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squirrel glider an autecological study in a fragmented landscape / |
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Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians, turtles, reptiles & crocodilians |
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Standardized inventory methodologies for components of British Columbia's biodiversity. Shorebirds plovers, oystercatchers, stilts, avocets, sandpipers, phalaropes, and allies / Standardized inventory methodologies for components of British Columbia's biodiversity. Shorebirds plovers, oystercatchers, stilts, avocets, sandpipers, phalaropes, and allies / - Inventory dataforms |
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state of Australia's birds - 2003 to present |
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State of salmon in watersheds report - 2004 to present |
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state of salmon report - 2000 to 2002 |
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State of the wolf, 2004 |
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Statistical guide to data analysis of avian monitoring programs / |
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Status and distribution of cheetah outside formal conservation areas in the Thabazimbi district, Limpopo province The current status of the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus outside formal conservation areas in South Africa is undetermined. The largest part of the cheetah population in South Africa occurs on cattle and wildlife ranches. Conflict between cheetahs and landowners is common and cheetahs are often persecuted. Cheetah management and conservation efforts are hampered as little data are available on the free-roaming cheetah population. A questionnaire survey was done in the Thabazimbi district of the Limpopo province to collect data on the status and distribution of cheetahs in the district and on the ranching practices and attitudes of landowners. By using this method, a population estimate of 42-63 cheetahs was obtained. Camera trapping was done at a scent-marking post to investigate the marking behaviour of cheetahs. Seven different cheetahs were identified marking at one specific tree. Scat analyses were done to determine prey use of the cheetahs in the study area. The most common prey remains from the scats were of the grey duiker Sylvicapra grimmia and the impala Aepyceros melampus. VORTEX analyses were used to investigate the long-term viability of the cheetah population as well as the viability of sport hunting of cheetahs. The current Thabazimbi population is viable over 100 years without immigration, but after 200 years extinction probabilities become unacceptably high. Harvesting through sport hunting is only viable if staggered over several years. Several factors influencing the survival of the free-roaming cheetah population are also discussed |
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status and distribution of European mammals |
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status and distribution of freshwater fish endemic to the Mediterranean basin |
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status and distribution of green peafowl Pavo muticus in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam / |
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Status and habitat associations of the spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) in southwestern Idaho / |
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Status and management of Neotropical migratory birds : September 21-25, 1992, Estes Park Center, YMCA of the Rockies, Colorado / |
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Status and management of Neotropical migratory birds September 21-25, 1992, Estes Park Center, YMCA of the Rockies, Colorado / |
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status of Alberta wildlife - (1996) 1996 |
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Status of and attitudes toward aquatic macroinvertebrate monitoring on national forests and districts of the Bureau of Land Management / |
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Status of birds and rodents on Niue following cyclone Heta in January 2004 / On 6 January 2004, cyclone Heta devastated much of the South Pacific island nation of Niue. Extensive damage was done to forest, particularly of the northwestern sector, with many trees up-rooted and others stripped of branches and foliage. This report details our findings from a survey of Niue's birds and rodents during 3-19 September 2004, and compares these with results from a similar survey in September 1994. Five-minute bird count data, an index of conspicuousness, from three transects showed that heahea (Polynesian triller, Lalage maculosa) were more abundant in 2004 than in 1994, but miti (Polynesian starling, Aplonis tabuensis), kulukulu (purple-crowned fruit dove, Ptilinopus porphyraceus), and lupe (Pacific pigeon, Ducula pacifica) had declined. The 28-64% decline in the lupe population per transect was probably primarily as a result of hunting, rather than mortality caused by cyclone Heta. Counts of birds seen per kilometre along three sections of road (lower, upper, inland) were also compared with September 1994 data. However, for various reasons we doubt that the results accurately reflect population numbers. The 212 kiu (Pacific golden plover, Pluvialis fulva) counted at sites accessible from main roads in September 2004 was similar to the 226 seen in September 1994. Rat trapping results (captures per 100 trap-nights) along the same three transects for December 1994 and September 2004 were not significantly different. Both kuma (Pacific rat, Rattus exulans) and ship rats (R. rattus) were trapped, but kuma were found only in regenerating scrub, whereas ship rats were present in both scrub and forest. Recommendations for future work are made mainly in relation to the long-term conservation of lupe, a toaga (treasured) species of Niueans |
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Status of California bighorn sheep in British Columbia / |
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Status of five butterflies and skippers in British Columbia / Provides information on the taxonomic status, biology, distribution, and conservation status of the dun skipper (Euphyes vestris), island marble (Euchloe ausonides, undescribed subspecies), Behr's hairstreak (Satyrium behrii), island blue (Plebejus saepiolus insulanus), and Taylor's checkerspot (Euphydryas editha taylori). Also includes the 2000 red and blue list of British Columbia butterflies |
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Status of Kermadec red-crowned parakeets and the likely effects of a proposed kiore eradication programme : Macauley Island expedition July 2002 / |
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Status of marine turtles in the Pacific Ocean relevant to incidental take in the Hawaii-based pelagic longline fishery |
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Status of marten in Wisconsin, 1985 / |
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Status of New Zealand indigenous aphids, 2002 / |
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Status of Nuttall's cottontail in British Columbia / |
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Status of Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep in British Columbia / |
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Status of Roosevelt elk (Cervus elephus roosevelti) in British Columbia |
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Status of shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, in the Neuse River, North Carolina |
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Status of the American avocet in British Columbia / |
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Status of the American badger (Taxidea taxus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the American badger (Taxidea taxus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in Alberta |
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Status of the badger in British Columbia / |
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Status of the bald eagle in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Banff springs snail (Physella johnsoni) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the Banff springs snail (Physella johnsoni) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the barred owl (Strix varia) in Alberta |
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Status of the bay-breasted warbler (Dendroica castanea) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the bay-breasted warbler (Dendroica castanea) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the bay-breasted warbler in British Columbia / |
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Status of the black-throated green warbler (Dendroica virens) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the black-throated green warbler (Dendroica virens) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the black-throated green warbler in British Columbia / |
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Status of the bobolink in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Brewer's sparrow in British Columbia / |
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Status of the brown creeper (Certhia americana) in Alberta |
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Status of the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) in Alberta update 2005 / |
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Status of the Canada warbler in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Canadian toad (Bufo hemiophrys) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the Canadian toad (Bufo hemiophrys) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the canyon wren in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Cape May warbler (Dendroica tigrina) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the Cape May warbler (Dendroica tigrina) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Cape May warbler in British Columbia / |
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Status of the clouded salamander in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Connecticut warbler in British Columbia / |
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Status of the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) in North America |
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Status of the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) in North America |
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Status of the ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis) in Alberta update 2006 / |
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Status of the fisher in British Columbia |
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Status of the flammulated owl in British Columbia / |
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Status of the freshwater crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) in Song Hinh District, Phu Yen Province, Viet Nam |
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Status of the fringed myotis in British Columbia / |
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Status of the gray flycatcher in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Great Plains toad (Bufo cognatus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the Great Plains toad (Bufo cognatus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the green heron in British Columbia / |
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Status of the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Lewis' woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis) in British Columbia / |
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Status of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the long-billed curlew (Numenius americanus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the long-billed curlew (Numenius americanus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the long-billed curlew in British Columbia / |
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Status of the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the mountain plover (Charadrius montanus) in Alberta |
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Status of the northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) in Alberta |
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Status of the northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the northern Pacific rattlesnake in British Columbia / |
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Status of the northern pygmy owl (Glaucidium gnoma californicum) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the northern pygmy owl (Glaucidium gnoma californicum) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Ord's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) in Alberta |
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Status of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Philadelphia vireo in British Columbia / |
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Status of the piping plover (Charadrius melodus) in Alberta |
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Status of the plains hognose snake (Heterodon nasicus nasicus) in Alberta |
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Status of the plains spadefoot (Spea bombifrons) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus) in Alberta |
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Status of the prairie falcon in the Chilcotin-Cariboo Region, British Columbia / |
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Status of the prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis) in Alberta / - HTML version Status of the prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis) in Alberta / - PDF version |
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Status of the purple martin in British Columbia / |
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Status of the red-tailed chipmunk (Tamias ruficaudus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the red-tailed chipmunk (Tamias ruficaudus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the sage thrasher (Oreoscoptes montanus) in Alberta |
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Status of the sage thrasher in British Columbia / |
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Status of the sandhill crane in British Columbia / |
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Status of the sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus) in British Columbia |
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Status of the sharp-tailed grouse in British Columbia / |
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Status of the sharp-tailed snake in British Columbia / |
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Status of the short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi) in Alberta update 2004 / |
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Status of the shrew-mole in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Sprague's pipit (Anthus spragueii) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the Sprague's pipit (Anthus spragueii) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Sprague's pipit in British Columbia / |
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Status of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the upland sandpiper in the Chilcotin-Cariboo region, British Columbia / |
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Status of the Vaux's swift in British Columbia / |
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Status of the Weidemeyer's admiral (Limenitis weidemeyerii) in Alberta |
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Status of the western grebe (Aechmophorus occidentalis) in Alberta |
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Status of the western grebe in British Columbia / |
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Status of the western harvest mouse in British Columbia / |
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Status of the western small-footed myotis in British Columbia / |
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Status of the western spotted bat in British Columbia / |
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Status of the westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisii) in Alberta |
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Status of the white-headed woodpecker in British Columbia / |
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Status of the white-winged scoter (Melanitta fusca deglandi) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the white-winged scoter (Melanitta fusca deglandi) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the whooping crane (Grus americana) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the whooping crane (Grus americana) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the Williamson's sapsucker in British Columbia / |
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Status of the willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the wolverine (Gulo gulo) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the wolverine (Gulo gulo) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Alberta - PDF version |
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Status of the yellow-breasted chat in British Columbia / |
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Status of the yucca moth (Tegeticula yuccasella) in Alberta - HTML version Status of the yucca moth (Tegeticula yuccasella) in Alberta - PDF version |
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status of wild Atlantic salmon a river by river assessment |
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Status review of chinook salmon from Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California / |
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Status review of white abalone (Haliotis sorenseni) throughout its range in California and Mexico |
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Status, distribution, and biology of sculpins (Cottidae) in Montana a review / |
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Status, ecology, and conservation of the southwestern willow flycatcher / |
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Steelhead supplementation studies in Idaho Rivers to evaluate the feasibility of using artificial production to increase natural steelhead populations and to collect baseline life history, genetic, and disease data from natural steelhead populations : 19 |
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Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) |
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Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) decline and the Gulf of Alaska/Bering Sea commercial fishery The Steller sea lion (SSL) population in Alaska was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1991. Several procedural restrictions were placed on the commercial fisheries of the region at that time in an effort to reduce the potential for human induced mortality on sea lions. Several years have elapsed since these restrictions were put into place and questions about their efficacy abound. In an effort to determine whether or not fisheries interventions have helped the SSL population to recover, estimates of the fishing activity of the Bering Sea/Gulf of Alaska commercial fisheries in the vicinity of individual Steller sea lion rookeries and SSL population trends at those rookeries were made using data from the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Fisheries Observer Program and Steller Sea Lion Adult Count Database. Fisheries data from 1976-2000 were analyzed in relation to SSL population counts from 1956-2001, at 32 rookeries from the endangered western stock. Linear regression on the principal components of the fisheries data show that a positive correlation exists between several metrics of historical fishing activity and SSL population decline. The relationship is less consistent after 1991, supporting a hypothesis that fishing closures around some of the rookeries have been effective in moderating the localized effects of fishing activity on SSL |
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Stoat captures in a year of heavy mountain beech seedfall / Reinvasion by (primarily juvenile) stoats (Mustela erminea) into stoat control areas is a major problem for the Department of Conservation. To investigate dispersal and survival of juvenile stoats in South Island mountain beech forest at Craigieburn, baited traplines were set for adult females in late winter and for juveniles in spring of 2002. Despite a heavy seedfall of mountain beech in the preceeding autumn and an associated increase in rodent numbers, catches of stoats did not show a significant increase. The project was terminated in January 2003 because of the low catch of stoats. A summary of the numbers and sexes of stoats captured, as well as stoat capture rates, is provided for future reference |
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Stoat reproductive biology / |
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Stoat zona pellucida genes with potential for immunocontraceptive biocontrol in New Zealand / Prospective methods for control of stoats (Mustela erminea) and other vertebrate pests in New Zealand include use of virally-vectored immunocontraception (VVIC) as a tool for broad-scale suppression of their reproduction. In this report, we provide the complete stoat and ferret (M. putorius furo) zona pellucida C (ZPC) and stoat ZPB complementary DNA (cDNA) and protein sequences, together with partial coding sequence for putative stoat ZPA protein. Stoat ZPC protein expressed in a vacciniabased system was specifically recognised by rabbit anti-porcine whole zona pellucida immune serum. We suggest that primer sequences used in this study could be used to isolate zona pellucida-coding sequences from other mustelid species. We also review prospective viral vectors for antigen delivery to stoats, and conclude that canine adenovirus-1 warrants further examination for its suitability for use |
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Stock assessment of the Campbell Island Rise population of southern blue whiting (Micromesistius australis) for the 2000-01 fishing season / |
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Stock assessment reports (SARs) by species/stock Provides access to stock assessment reports for individual species and populations of cetaceans (whales and dolphins), pinnipeds (seals and sea lions), and marine mammals under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (West Indian manatee, polar bear, Pacific walrus, and sea otter) |
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Stock identification of chum, sockeye, chinook, and coho salmon in Prince William Sound / |
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Stoneflies of the United States |
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Strategic plan for trout management a plan for 2004 and beyond / |
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Strategies for bird conservation : the Partners in Flight planning process : proceedings of the 3rd Partners in Flight Workshop, Cape May, New Jersey, October 1-5, 1995 / |
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Studies of radio-collared caribou in the Spatsizi Wilderness Park area, British Columbia, 1980-1984 |
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Summary of autopsy reports for seabirds killed and returned from observed New Zealand fisheries : 1 October 1996-30 September 2005, with specific reference to 2002/03, 2003/04, 2004/05 |
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Summary proceedings of a planning workshop on the management of colonial waterbirds : 17-19 May 1979, Wilmington, North Carolina / |
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Summer chum salmon conservation initiative an implementation plan to recover summer chum in the Hood Canal and Strait of Juan de Fuca region / |
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Summer ecology of the Porcupine caribou herd |
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summit herpetofauna of Auyantepui, Venezuela : report from the Robert G. Goelet American Museum-Terramar Expedition / |
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Survey and monitoring of black petrels on Great Barrier Island - 1996 to present |
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Survey of aquatic gastropods in the Central Parkland Subregion of Alberta |
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Survey of bats in northeastern Alberta |
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Survey of colonial nesting birds and lakeshore habitats in northeast Alberta |
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survey of fish assemblages in eelgrass and kelp habitats of southeastern Alaska / |
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Survey of native grassland butterflies in the Peace Parkland Region of northwestern Alberta, 2001 |
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Survey of octopuses in intertidal habitats / |
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Survey of pygmy rabbit distribution, numbers and habitat use in Lemhi and Custer Counties, Idaho / |
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survey of rare and endangered mayflies of selected rivers of Wisconsin / |
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survey of short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi hernandesi) populations in Alberta |
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Survey of the bats of central and northwestern Alberta |
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Survey of the loggerhead shrike in the southern Aspen Parkland region, 2000-2001 |
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Survey of the odonate fauna in Kakwa Wildland Park, June-July 2006 |
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Survey of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum) in Alberta |
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Survey protocol for the great gray owl in the Sierra Nevada of California |
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Survey protocol for the northern leopard frog |
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Survey protocol for the Richardson's ground squirrel |
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Surveys of geese and swans in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, western Canadian Arctic, 1989-2001 / |
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Surveys of sea otters in the Gulf of Alaska in response to the Exxon Valdez oil spill / |
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Survival of juvenile inanga and koaro in the lower Tarawera River (summer 1998/99) / |
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Survival, home range, and spatial relationships of Virginia's exploited black bear population Total home range size for males and adult, subadult, and transitional age females were 7.2, 5.5, 5.6 and 7.2 km2 (95% MCP) and 11.2, 6.8, 9.0, and 10.0 km2 (95% normal kernel). Females with cubs had larger fall ranges than spring and summer ranges. Seasonal ranges of solitary females did not differ when estimated with MCP. Bears exhibited home range overlap among and within sex classes |
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Sustainable integrated management of the greater snow goose in Quebec : 2005-2010 action plan / - English text Sustainable integrated management of the greater snow goose in Quebec : 2005-2010 action plan / - French text |
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Sustaining biological diversity in managed sub-boreal spruce landscapes residual habitat strategies for cavity nesting species / |
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Symposia proceedings Contains proceedings of Symposia from the International Congresses on the Biology of Fish. The conferences were held at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, July 23-27, 2000, Towson University, Baltimore, Md., July 27-30, 1998, and San Francisco State University, July 14-18, 1996 |
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Symposium, managing predation to increase production of wetland birds 15-17 August 1990, Jamestown, North Dakota : abstracts / |
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Synanthropy of the Australian magpie a comparison of populations in rural and suburban areas of southeast Queensland, Australia / |
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Synonymy of the genus Marimbonda Richards, 1978, with Leipomeles Mobius, 1856 (Hymenoptera:Vespidae:Polistinae), and a new key to the genera of paper wasps of the New World / The paper wasp genus Marimbonda Richards, 1978, is synonymized with Leipomeles Mobius, 1856, n.syn. A key to all the currently recognized paper wasp genera in the Western Hemisphere is provided |
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Synopsis of biological data on the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792), and the jewfish, E. itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) / |
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Synopsis of biological data on the olive ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) in the western Atlantic |
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Synopsis of Philippine mammals Synopsis of Philippine mammals - Supplement |
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synopsis of the cichlid fishes of Lake Nyasa |
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Synthesis of the toxicological and epidemiological impacts of the Exxon Valdez oil spill on Pacific herring in Prince William Sound, Alaska / |
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Systematics, biogeography, and functional morphology of the box crabs (family Calappidae) |
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T-cell development in the Tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) Marsupials and eutherians are the two principal groups of modern mammals. Mammalian immunological studies, to date, have focused on eutherian systems with little or no comprehensive work having been carried out on marsupials. This project investigates the functional and developmental aspects of T-cell responses in the marsupial, Macropus eugenii (Tammar wallaby) in both adults and pouch young at various stages of development. Determination of the age at which the Tammar wallaby immune system becomes competent has been examined through the use of cellular and molecular studies carried out on developing pouch young tissue. The capacity for generating an immunological response in adult and pouch young marsupials has been studied by following cellular proliferation in response to mitogens or mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). After examining adult responses to mitogens and allogenic lymphocytes, optimised conditions were then used to examine the development of responsiveness in pouch young. Several further tests were conducted and findings shown. The study has shown that the earliest age at which Macropus eugenii is capable of mounting a T-cell mediated immune response is between 5 to 13 days post-partum |
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Tapirs status survey and conservation action plan |
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Tasmania's threatened fauna handbook what, where, and how to protect Tasmania's threatened animals / |
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taxonomic guide to the mysids of the South Atlantic Bight / |
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Technical assessment & recommendations for chinook salmon recovery |
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Technical bulletin / - U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office - 1999+ |
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Temporal trends in contaminants in Puget Sound harbor seals final report / |
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Terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates of British Columbia priorities for inventory and descriptive research / |
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Terrestrial arthropod biodiversity : planning a study and recommended sampling techniques : a brief / |
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Terrestrial arthropod biodiversity projects : building a factual foundation : a brief / |
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Testing methods for detecting wolverine |
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therian skull : a lexicon with emphasis on the odontocetes / |
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therian skull a lexicon with emphasis on the odontocetes / |
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Threadfins of the world (family Polynemidae) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date / Describes 41 species belonging to 8 genera. Introductory section includes general remarks on habitat and fisheries of the family, a glossary of technical terms, an illustrated key to each genus and all species, and a detailed account for all species. Species accounts include an illustration of each species, scientific and vernacular names, and information on habitat, biology, fisheries, size, relevant literature and distribution. Following the species accounts are a list of nominal species in the family, a table of species by major marine fishing areas, and color plates |
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Threat abatement plan for competition and land degradation by feral goats |
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Threatened and endangered animal species found on the National Wildlife Refuge System |
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Threatened and endangered fishes of New Mexico |
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Threatened species lists, listing statements, and recovery plans These lists outline all species on Tasmania's Threatened Species Protection Act 1995. Where available, these lists contain links to PDF files of listing statements, fact sheets, and/or recovery plans |
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Threatened terrestrial insects : a workshop to advance conservation / |
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thylacine museum a natural history of the Thylacinidae An online reference guide to the extinct thylacine, or Tasmanian tiger, that includes information on its natural history, behavior, anatomy, fossil record, history of persecution, photographs and illustrations, digitized films and still images, and links to other resources |
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Tiger beetles of the United States |
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Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 1-22 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 23-59 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 60-129 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 130-175 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 176-237 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 238-300 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 301-369 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 370-391 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 392-424 Towards understanding Thysanoptera : proceedings International Conference on Thrips, February 21-23, 1989, Burlington, Vermont, USA / - Pages 425-464 |
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Tracking wildlife radio-tag signals by light fixed-wing aircraft / "New Zealand wildlife biologists have considerable experience tracking radio-tagged animals using conventional, ground-based techniques. However, despite having to work in rugged and relatively inaccessible terrain, they have not used aerial telemetry techniques to the same extent. This report considers aerial tracking by light fixed-wing aircraft, and reviews the equipment and transmitter location techniques required for efficient aerial telemetry. Best practice configuration of light fixed-wing aircraft for aerial telemetry is described, and four techniques for transmitter location are detailed. In addition to ground-based and aerial telemetry, biologists embarking on a radio-tracking study can now also use satellite-based methods. We review the pros and cons of each. We conclude with a listing of New Zealand biologists with experience in aerial telemetry using light fixed-wing aircraft. Details of suppliers of hardware for aerial telemetry, and a selection of other relevant websites are provided"--P. [5] |
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Training guide for bird identification in Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir forests / |
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transboundary Flathead : a critical landscape for carnivores in the Rocky Mountains / |
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Transfer of captive-bred Placostylus hongii snails to Limestone Island / Populations of New Zealand's large indigenous land snails have been reduced to small scattered remnants by habitat destruction and predation. It is possible to rear some of these snail species in captivity, but it is important that they can then be released back into the wild to establish new populations. Eleven Placostylus hongii snails released from captivity onto Limestone Island, Whangarei Harbour, New Zealand on 5 August 2002 were monitored after release. All eleven snails died within < 0.25-1.63 years. The snails were equipped with harmonic radar transponders to facilitate finding them each time the island was visited. Six juveniles developed into adults, five after 0.25-0.47 years and one after 1.02-1.26 years on the island. A single newly hatched juvenile found on 13 August 2003 showed some breeding had occurred. The snails remained within 3 m of the small grove of trees where they were released. They moved 0.3-11.1 m between recaptures and were followed for total distances of 0.4-19.7 m with most displacements being uphill. Failure to establish was possibly due to a long dry period with high temperatures during the summer of 2003/04, together with soil that dried hard, thus preventing the snails from burrowing. Further research is needed to determine the causes of mortality in translocated snails and how these can be mitigated before further captive-rearing followed by translocation is considered |
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Translocation database summary / Summarizes data on 51 species in the Biodiversity Recovery Unit's Translocation Database |
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Trapping and identification techniques for small-scaled skinks (Oligosoma microlepis) / The small-scaled skink (Oligosoma microlepis) is a small, diurnal, heliothermic skink that is known from a number of small, scattered and isolated populations in the central North Island, New Zealand. This study presents the first attempt to estimate population sizes of this species at five sites near the Springvale Bridge in the Rangitikei River region. Funnel traps made of fly-screen and strong wire mesh were successfully used to catch small-scaled skinks. At easily accessible rock piles, noosing proved to be a more efficient capture technique than trapping, with more skinks caught over a smaller amount of time. Small-scaled skink individuals were successfully identified by their natural markings. Population estimates and densities were derived from the resighting of photographed individuals at five sites at Springvale Station. The results of this study can now be incorporated into future studies to assess the status of the species and gain more knowledge about its population ecology |
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Trivial movements and redistribution of polyphagous insect herbivores in heterogeneous vegetation / The physical structure of environment influences redistribution of populations at several spatial scales. At small scale the architecture of vegetation may influence redistribution of insects that move on the plant surface. At large scale e.g. trap crop physical design may affect redistribution of pests. In this thesis I derive a model for predicting the impact of vegetation architecture on the rate of displacement by insects moving on the plant surface. I also present and explore models of the interplay between pest movement and trap crop physical design. The trap crop models suggest that considerable reduction in pest density may be achieved using small trap crop cover with trap crops that the pest distinctly prefers over the crop. It supports also the idea that trap crop placement may have a dramatic impact on the efficiency of the trap crops |
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Trophic ecology and energy sources for fish on the floodplain of a regulated dryland river Macintyre River, Australia / Factors such as diel and ontogenetic variations in dietary composition and food intake by fish are shown to considerably affect overall dietary patterns of each study species. Therefore, it is important to understand the contributions of such factors to the variability of fish dietary patterns before performing studies on resource use by fish in floodplain habitats of the Macintyre River. Major food categories consumed by the study species were zooplankton, aquatic invertebrates and detrital material. Zooplankton was of particular importance as this food item was ingested by all three study species at some stage of their life history. Spatial and temporal variation in diet composition of the study species was mostly associated with changes in prey items available across floodplain habitats and between seasons (summer/winter). The low magnitude of flooding events during the study period is arguably the most likely factor influencing the lack of patterns of variation in fish diets in floodplain habitats subject to flooding, whereas in non-flooded lagoons the observed dietary variation was a consequence of successional changes in composition of the aquatic fauna as the dry season progressed. Water regime had an important effect on differences in fish diet composition across lagoons, but further evaluation of the influence of flooding is needed due to overall lack of major flooding events during the study period. Autochthonous resources, namely plankton, were the basis of the food web and phytoplankton in the seston is the most likely ultimate energy source for fish consumers, via planktonic suspension feeders (zooplankton). Nevertheless, organic matter could not be disregarded as an important energy source for invertebrates and higher consumers. In general, the present study does not provide support for the major models predicting the functioning of large rivers, such as the River Continuum Concept and Flood Pulse Concept, which argue that allochthonous organic matter either from upstream or from the floodplain are the most important sources of carbon supporting higher consumers. In contrast, the Riverine Productivity Model would be more appropriate to describe the food web and energy sources for consumers in the Macintyre River floodplain as this model suggests that local productivity, based on autochthonous phytoplankton and organic matter, fuels food webs in large rivers. The results of this study suggest that factors known to affect phytoplankton production in floodplain lagoons (e.g. flow regulation, turbidity and nutrient/herbicide inputs) must be seriously considered in current landscape and water management practices |
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Tropical fish biology : the Fisheries Society of the British Isles Annual Symposium held in Southampton, U.K., 13-16 July 1998 / - UW restricted |
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Tuatara recovery plan, 2001-2011 / |
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Tulita area moose survey, January 1999 / |
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Turtles in the Gulf of Mexico pelagic distributions and commercial shrimp trawling / |
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Types of wildlife trees and coarse woody debris required by wildlife of north-central British Columbia / If wildlife diversity is to be maintained in managed forests, the habitat needs of all wildlife species must be met. This report provides some of the necessary information by describing the habitat requirements of 133 vertebrate species of north-central British Columbia in relation to two special habitat elements: wildlife trees and coarse woody debris. To make it easier for habitat managers to apply this information, requirements were condensed into a series of habitat summary tables. The tables, which are based mainly on published research reviewed up to 1995, describe in detail the varieties of wildlife trees and coarse woody debris that are required by wildlife |
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Umatilla Basin natural production monitoring and evaluation annual progress report 1994-1995 / |
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Umbrella species as a conservation planning tool : an assessment using resident birds in hemiboreal and boreal forests / |
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Understanding spike buck harvest twenty-six years of penned deer research at the Kerr Wildlife Management Area / |
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Underwater methods for sampling the distribution and abundance of smallmouth bass in Lake Washington and Lake Union / |
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University of Alaska Museum insect omnibus a preliminary checklist of the insects of Alaska / "This site attempts to consolidate records mostly from the literature, but also from the University of Alaska Museum, to begin to construct a more complete catalogue of the insects of the state." |
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Unsuccessful transfer of captive-bred Placostylus land snails to a cage at Te Paki Farm Park, North Auckland / |
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updated classification of the Recent Crustacea / |
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use of call playbacks for censusing loggerhead shrikes in southern Alberta |
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Use of statistical bootstrapping for sample size determination to estimate length-frequency distributions for Pacific albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) / |
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Use of track plates to detect changes in American marten (Martes americana) abundance |
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Using DNA barcodes to investigate the taxonomy of the New Zealand sooty beech scale insect / It is currently proposed that there are two species of honeydew-producing sooty beech scale insects (Ultracoelostoma spp.) in New Zealand. It is thought that U. brittini lives exclusively on trunks of southern beech (Nothofagus spp.) trees, while U. assimile occurs mainly on branches. This study aimed to confirm this habitat specialisation by using a molecular genetic approach. We sequenced the c. 650 base pair DNA "barcode" region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) from specimens collected from Mount Grey/Maukatere (North Canterbury), Greymouth, and the Nelson Lakes region. Although the COI sequences supported the existence of two species, there was no evidence of the two species specialising on trunk or branch microhabitats. The excess sugar that these insects excrete as honeydew is an important energy source upon which many native birds and insects depend. Further geographic sampling is needed to determine the distribution and extent of sympatry of the two species detected in this study, which might have implications for forest management decisions |
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Using temperature tolerance to predict distribution and overwintering success of lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles complex) on the east coast of the United States Lionfish have been observed at multiple locations along the east coast of the United States, with the majority found between Miami, Florida and North Carolina. The occurrence of lionfish represents one of the first documented invasions of a marine fish species in the western Atlantic. Most lionfish observed along the southeast US shelf have been at depths greater than 35 m, whereas in their native range lionfish inhabit depths from shore to 50 m. One potential limiting factor in the distribution of lionfish on the southeast US continental shelf is winter water temperature. In particular, the northern and inshore distribution of lionfish is predicted to be temperature limited, with Cape Hatteras as the northernmost limit for overwintering. To examine this hypothesis, temperature tolerance studies were conducted following the critical thermal minimum protocol with death as the modified endpoint. Along with temperature at death (CTMin), observations on activity and feeding behavior were recorded. Overall mean CTMin was 9.95C (SD = 0.86) and mean temperature at feeding cessation was 16.07C (SD = 2.14). Rate of temperature decrease and acclimation temperature did not have a significant effect on CTMin or feeding cessation. No fish were observed eating below 13C. When combined with February water temperatures, lionfish thermal tolerance data predicted that lionfish could overwinter on the southeast US continental shelf, with a northern limit of Cape Hatteras and successful inhabitance limited to offshore of the 13C isotherm. Although lionfish can tolerate temperatures lower than 13C, lower temperatures may limit overwintering by controlling feeding behavior. The continental shelf break (200 m isobath) marks the offshore limit for lionfish on the southeast US continental shelf. The current southern limit of the invasion is not bound by temperature, as lionfish could survive but have not yet been reported on the Florida coast south of Miami. Possible reasons for the constrained southern limit may include larval and juvenile transport mechanisms along the Atlantic coast as well as the initial lionfish introduction site |
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Using terrestrial ecosystem survey data to identify potential habitat for the Mexican spotted owl on national forest system lands : a pilot study / |
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Utility of hair structure for taxonomic discrimination in bats, with an example from the bats of Colorado |
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Utilization of a roadside survey technique to survey burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) in southeastern Alberta |
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Utilization of air photo interpretation to locate prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis) hibernacula in the South Saskatchewan River Valley |
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Utilization of the Sargassum habitat by marine invertebrates and vertebrates : a review / |
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Vancouver Island marmot |
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Vancouver Island marmot : status and management plan / |
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Variability in and coupling of larval availability and settlement of the mussel Perna perna a spatio-temporal approach / Although the effect of the state of the moon (new or full) was not significant in either study, more settlers seemed to arrive on the shore during new moon. Wind direction did not correlate significantly with settlement. However, the dropping of offshore winds and the prevalence of onshore winds, which are characteristic of summer, may be linked to the start of settlement. Nevertheless, further investigations on tidal or lunar cycles and on the influence of wind on surface currents are required to clarify the effects of moon and wind on settlement |
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Variation in inter-territory reproductive success of takahe introduced to predator-free islands / The endangered New Zealand flightless rail the takahe (Porphyrio hochstetteri) has been introduced to four island refuges. Takahe have increased in numbers on these islands, but population growth has been slower than expected due to poor hatching and fledging success. Takahe are strongly territorial, and appear to favour specific areas on each island in which to breed. The aim of this study was to compare fledging success among territories on each of the four islands to determine if inter-territorial differences existed. Only Maud Island showed significant variation in fledging success among territories. For Kapiti and Mana Islands, more of the variation in fledging success was explained by differences among pairs than territories. Overall, reproductive success on most territories was low, with only 7 of 23 territories having a mean fledging rate greater than 60%. Because we cannot predict what is likely to be a good territory from one year to the next, we conclude that differences in territory quality of presently utilised nesting areas may not be great enough on any of the islands except Maud to warrant management measures to potentially improve some of these sites |
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Variation in reproduction and condition of northern tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus punctatus) in the presence and absence of kiore / |
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Variation in salmonid life histories : patterns and perspectives / |
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vertebrates of British Columbia scientific and English names / |
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Viable salmonid populations and the recovery of evolutionarily significant units / |
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Visual key for bird identification Identification key for Idaho birds, based on visual cues. Also provides natural history accounts of each species |
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Voucher specimen collection, preparation, identification, and storage protocol. Animals |
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Wadable stream habitat survey preliminary results for the year .. - 2000 to present |
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Warmwater fish survey of Bennington Lake, Walla Walla County / |
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Warmwater fisheries survey of Hutchinson and Shiner Lakes, Adams County, Washington - 2001 (FPT 05-09), 2004 (FPT 05-10) |
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Warrumbungle brush-tailed rock-wallaby endangered population recovery plan |
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Washington herp atlas The Washington herp atlas serves two primary purposes. The first is to provide the most current information available on Washington's herpetofauna (amphibians and reptiles, or "herps") including information on life history, habitat, status, threats, management concerns, and distribution. The second purpose is to obtain additional information about Washington's amphibians and reptiles. To obtain reliable information, identifications must be accurate. To facilitate this, the atlas has species accounts that feature descriptions, identification tips, habitat information, and photographs. The photographs include a variety of life stages, typical habitat, and a set of annotated photographs with key identification features indicated. In addition, inventory and research needs for each species are listed |
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Washington state recovery plan for the lynx / |
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Washington State recovery plan for the pygmy rabbit / Washington State recovery plan for the pygmy rabbit / - 2001 Addendum Washington State recovery plan for the pygmy rabbit / - 2003 addendum |
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Washington State recovery plan for the sandhill crane / |
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Washington State recovery plan for the western pond turtle / |
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Washington State status report for the Aleutian Canada goose / |
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Washington State status report for the Aleutian Canada goose / |
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Washington State status report for the bald eagle / |
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Washington State status report for the common loon / |
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Washington State status report for the fisher / |
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Washington State status report for the gray whale / |
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Washington State status report for the killer whale / |
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Washington State status report for the mardon skipper / |
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Washington State status report for the margined sculpin / |
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Washington State status report for the Mazama pocket gopher, streaked horned lark, and Taylor's checkerspot / |
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Washington State status report for the Mazama pocket gopher, streaked horned lark, and Taylor's checkerspot / |
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Washington State status report for the northern leopard frog / |
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Washington State status report for the olive ridley sea turtle / |
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Washington State status report for the Olympic mudminnow / |
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Washington State status report for the Oregon spotted frog / |
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Washington State status report for the peregrine falcon / |
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Washington State status report for the pygmy whitefish / |
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Washington State status report for the sage grouse / |
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Washington State status report for the sharp-tailed grouse / |
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Water uptake in scallops : methods of analysis and influencing factors / |
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Waterbird conservation for the Americas : North American Waterbird Conservation Plan / |
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Waterfowl production on the Woodworth Station in south-central North Dakota, 1965-1981 |
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Wedge-tailed eagle recovery plan, 1998-2003 / |
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Weka (Gallirallus australis) recovery plan, 1999-2009 |
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Western (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and eared (Podiceps nigricollis) grebes of central Alberta 2002 field summary / |
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Western (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and eared (Podiceps nigricollis) grebes of central Alberta 2004 field summary / |
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Western (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and eared (Podiceps nigricollis) grebes of central Alberta inventory, survey techniques, and management concerns / |
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Western weka (Gallirallus australis australis) monitored before and after an aerial application of 1080 baits in the Copland Valley, Westland National Park / |
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Westslope cutthroat trout Collection of documents relating to the conservation and restoration of the westslope cutthroat trout. Some of the documents posted are in draft form |
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Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) issues paper |
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Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) recovery plan, 2005-2010 |
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What's happening with stoat research? : report on the five-year stoat research programme / - (1st report) 1st report What's happening with stoat research? : report on the five-year stoat research programme / - (2nd report) 2nd report What's happening with stoat research? : report on the five-year stoat research programme / - (3rd report) 3rd report What's happening with stoat research? : report on the five-year stoat research programme / - (4th report) 4th report What's happening with stoat research? : report on the five-year stoat research programme / - (5th report) 5th report |
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Where do all the bush birds go? Australian Bird Count / "In 1989 the RAOU embarked on one of the most ambitious bird counting projects undertaken in Australia--the Australian Bird Count. Now the analysis of the enormous volume of data is beginning to reveal the seasonal movements of our bush birds--including some surprises." |
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White shark (Carcharodon carcharias) recovery plan |
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Wild species at risk in Saskatchewan Accounts of extirpated, endangered, threatened, and vulnerable species of animals and plants in Saskatchewan |
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Wild steelhead studies, Salmon and Clearwater Rivers annual progress report : period covered, January 1 - December 31, 1994 / |
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Wildlife and sport fish restoration program research performance reports Lists research publications of the Alaska Division of Wildlife Conservation and provides access to the full-text of many of them |
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Wildlife diversity in British Columbia : distribution and habitat use of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals in biogeoclimatic zones / |
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Wildlife habitat handbooks for British Columbia problem analysis / |
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Wildlife habitat handbooks for British Columbia standard taxonomic list and codes of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals / |
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Wildlife in British Columbia at risk |
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Wildlife management in the national parks / |
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Wildlife radio-telemetry Wildlife radio-telemetry - Inventory dataforms |
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Wildlife resource trends in the United States : a technical document supporting the 2000 USDA Forest Service RPA assessment / |
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Wildlife survey in freshwater ecosystems and adjoining terrestrial habitats on Melville Island, Northern Territory, October 1996 : report to the Tiwi Land Council and Australian Heritage Commission / |
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Wings over water Canada's waterbird conservation plan / |
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Winter habitat use and diet of snowshoe hares in the Gardiner, Montana area |
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Winter home range and habitat use of the Virginia northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus) / We radio-tracked two male and one female Virginia northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus) in the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia at Snowshoe Mountain Resort, in winter 2003 and Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge in winter 2004, respectively, to document winter home range and habitat use in or near ski areas. Male home range size in the winter was larger than that reported for males during summer and fall, whereas the female home range we observed was smaller than those reported for summer and fall. However, winter habitat use was similar to summer and fall habitat use reported in other studies. Virginia northern flying squirrels foraged and denned in both red spruce (Picea rubens)-dominated forests and northern hardwood forests; however, selection of red spruce-dominated forests and open areas was greater than expected based on availability. Use of northern hardwood forest occurred less than expected based on availability. Male squirrels denned near, and routinely crossed, downhill ski slopes and unimproved roads during foraging bouts, whereas the female approached, but did not cross forest edges onto roads or trails |
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Winter marine bird and sea otter abundance of Prince William Sound, Alaska : trends following the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill from 1990-94 / |
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Wisconsin statewide Karner blue butterfly habitat conservation plan and environmental impact statement |
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Wolf conservation & management |
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wolf in Alaska |
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Wolf reintroduction feasibility in the Adirondack Park Examines the issue of gray wolf recovery in the Adirondack Park. Combines what has been learned about wolf biology with the issues of gray wolf reintroduction fesability. In addition to developing wolf habitat suitability and connectivity models the important genetics questions pertinent to wolves in the Adirondack Park were examined |
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Wolverine ecology, distribution, and productivity in the Slave Geological Province final report to the West Kitikmeot/Slave Study Society / |
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Wolverine harvest and carcass collection, Coppermine, Bay Chimo, and Bathurst Inlet - (Northwest Territories. Environment and Natural Resources) 1992/93 to 1993/94 |
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Wolves in Alberta : their characteristics, history, prey relationships, and management / |
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wolves of Isle Royale / |
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Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) habitat classification in northeastern Alberta using remote sensing |
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Workshop on Marine Mammal Research & Monitoring in the National Marine Sanctuaries, Wailea, Maui, Hawaii, 28 November 1999 |
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World biodiversity database The World biodiversity database (WBD) is a continuously growing taxonomic database and information system that allows you to search and browse a number of online species banks covering a wide variety of organisms. The species banks accessible through the WBD offer taxonomic information, species names, synonyms, descriptions, illustrations and literature references, as well as online identification keys and interactive geographical information systems |
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World list of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial isopod crustaceans |
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world of copepods Includes four searchable databases from the National Museum of Natural History: Bibliography of all known copepod and Brachiura literature; Taxonomic list of reported copepod and Brachiura genera and species; Copepod and Brachiura researchers of the world; and Copepod and Brachiura type holdings, Dept. [of] Invertebrate Zoology. Also includes links to other resources on copepods |
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world spider catalog |
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World Spodoptera database (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) Databases providing comprehensive information on larval host plants, parasitoids, and predators of the world species of Spodoptera |
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World turtle database "The EMYSystem is an information repository supporting global turtle conservation. Our goal is to collect and provide current and historical data about turtle locations ... Unique to this site is our searchable World Turtle Database, where you can find more information about where various turtle species have been found." |
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WWF annual review - (WWF) 2005 to present |
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Yabby hybrid growout experiment / |
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Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations report of the Interagency Study Team |
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Yukon Southern Lakes Nest Box Project report, 2000 |
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Yukon's wildlife viewing guide along major highways |
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Zoologische Abhandlungen / - 2004 to 2006 |
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Zur Phylogenie afrikanischer Vipern (Reptilia:Serpentes:Viperidae) |
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This page was generated Thu May 24 04:52:48 PDT 2012 (record) | |
