RESEARCHING A TRANS-NATIONAL CORPORATION (TNC)

A Step-by-Step Process

     

Geography 123 Research Webpage

 

 

 

RESEARCH ACTIVITY

 

 

SOURCES TO USE

 

 

EXAMPLE

 

Step 1

 

Choose a TNC

 

Search Hoover’s Online UW restricted by industry keywords to identify companies in particular business areas

 

 

Q:  What companies produce or sell genetically engineered seeds and crops?

Industry Keyword: genetic

 

Q:  What companies are involved with retail sales, particularly the big box, discount stores?

Industry Keyword: retail discount

 

 

Step 2

 

Get basic info about your TNC

Officers – names, executive compensation

Finances – Share Price, corporate balance sheet

Type/location(s) of business

Corporate structure
--subsidiaries
--by what is it owned?

 

 

 

Terms you don't understand?

Investopedia

SEC Forms List

 

 

For PUBLIC COMPANIES use these databases:

 

Hoover’s Online  UW restricted - public and private companies profiled

 

Mergent Online  UW restricted – includes ONLY public companies

 

Additional Sources of Company Information are available.

 

What is EDGAR?  Form 10-K?  What does the CEO of your TNC earn?

 

PRIVATE COMPANIES DO NOT FILE SEC REPORTS OR ISSUE ANNUAL REPORTS – at most they register in with the state in which they are headquartered – info provided is limited to officer names and corporate address.

 

For Private Companies, to find financial information, information about subsidiaries, corporate operations in other countries, etc. you will have to look in magazine and newspaper articles, gathering information from many different sources.

 

Search Hoover’s Online using the “Company Name” option to find this entry for Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

 

Compare to Wal-Mart info  in Mergent Online

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PRIVATE COMPANIES

Private companies in Washington State register with the Secretary of State.  Is there anything similar for the state where your company is headquartered?

 

Examples of financial info in articles:

Patagonia Comes of Age” – note mention of corporate revenue in this 1995 article

and

A Passion for the Planet” (2006)– 8th paragraph mentions ’39 stores in seven countries’ and 9th paragraph ‘Revenues were up … 7% last year to $260 million…’  Farther along, info about employee benefits.

 

 

Step 3

 

Learn more about the activities of your TNC

 

Use a variety of sources – see options a-f à

 

Evaluate the evidence presented in these various sources to develop a critical perspective on the TNC.

 

a)  News articles

Use newspapers published in more than one geographic area, e.g. where the TNC is headquartered; where the TNC conducts major aspects of its business (obtaining raw materials, obtaining skilled or unskilled labor, etc.).

 

Review the FINDING NEWS ARTICLES section of the website carefully to choose databases to search.

 

 

Explore news coverage on Wal-Mart from several sources such as:

 

The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette

o 235 stories about Wal-Mart June-Dec 2005

The New York Times

o 189 stories about Wal-Mart June-Dec 2005

 

Same story on the same date but the extent of coverage is very different in these two papers. Why might that be?

Connecticut Finds More Labor Law Violations at Wal-Mart Stacey Stowe, New York Times, Jun 18, 2005 pg. B.2

Wal-Mart fined over child labor; state finds 11 violations at three Connecticut stores; Ritu Kalra, Hartford Courant, Jun 18, 2005, pg. A.1

 

 

 

 

 

b)  Popular & Trade Magazines

Search for articles using company name, the names of company products and officers, and combine these with topical keywords of interest to you such as labor, employment, outsourcing, trade, regulation, names of activist groups monitoring the TNC, etc.

 

 

Useful for ALL TNCs and world regions:

 

Academic Search Complete (EBSCO) UW restricted

ABI Inform Global  UW restricted

 

 

 

 

c)   Publications produced BY the TNC

 

-  Annual Reports

-  Website

-  SEC Filings

-  Balance Sheet

-  Stock Prices

-  Share Information

Need some help understanding SEC filings?  Info from the SEC website explains 10-K, 8-K and other forms.

 

Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Annual Reports in Mergent Online

 

Hoover’s Online or

Mergent Online

provide financial information & SEC filings

 

-  Walmart (corporate website)

-  Wal-Mart (retail website)

-  Wal-Mart Good Works

-  Wal-MartFacts.com

 

 

 

 

d)  Organizations which monitor the activities of TNCs - publications or websites.

 

  Alt-Press Watch UW restricted

 

  Corporate Watch UK (website)

 

  CorpWatch US (website)

 

  Sweatshop Watch (website)

 

  Greenpeace (website)

 

  Human Rights Watch – Business & Human Rights

 

 

Alt-Press Watch search found:

- Lichtenstein, Nelson. 2005.  “Wal-Mart And The New World Order; A Template for Twenty-First Century Capitalism?”  New Labor Forum, 14 (1),  21-.

- Featherstone, Liza. 2005. “Wal-Mart: Rise of the Goliath.” Multinational Monitor, 26 (1/2), 28-31.

 

One of several reports on Wal-Mart available through Corporate Watch (notice the U.K. focus)

 

CorpWatch  Retail & Mega-Store Resource Section

 

 

 

 

e)  Scholarly articles

 

Explore your TNC from more than one disciplinary perspective, e.g.

-the world region where your TNC is active

- the topic related to the activities of your TNC

-  the aspect of business that you are investigating (employment, trade, regulation, etc).

 

Review FIND ARTICLES IN SCHOLARLY JOURNALS section of website

 

 

Selected database search results:

 

Bibliography of Asian Studies

Huffman, Ted P. 2003. “Wal-Mart in China: challenges facing a foreign retailer's supply chain. Supply chains encounter greater hurdles in China than elsewhere.” China Business Review 30 (5),18-23.

 

GeoBASE

Hicks, M.J. and Wilburn, K.L.  2001.  “The regional impact of Wal-Mart entrance: A panel study of the retail trade sector in West Virginia.” Review of Regional Studies, 31 (3), 302-313.

 

PAIS

Boarnet, Marlon G., et al.  2005. “Emerging planning challenges in retail: the case of Walmart.” Journal of the American Planning Association, 71 (4), 433-449.

 

 

 

f)   Books, Videos, Government Publications, Etc.

 

-  Search the WorldCat Local Catalog using the TNC name or keywords for the industry.

 

-  Search journal titles in the UW Libraries Catalog to find out if we have what you need.

 

 

WorldCat Local search results include materials located in thousands of libraries worldwide. UW books will be listed first in results. Use the REQUEST button to have materials from other libraries delivered.

 

The China Business Review is available in the Foster Business Library (1977-present) and online (1988-present) – also selected years at the East Asia Library, Bothell/CCC Library

 

 

Step 4

 

Have you met Professor Sparke’s requirement to cite AT LEAST 2 SCHOLARLY JOURNAL ARTICLES?

 

You must be the judge of whether your sources meet this requirement.  Look for these characteristics when deciding whether an article is from a popular or scholarly publication.

 

 

 

 

Practice evaluating the characteristics of these sample articles – it should take you about 15 minutes.

 

 

                   

Return to Geography 123 Research Webpage

 

Created by Anne Zald, updated by Amanda Hornby

10/06/09