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Women and Gender in Modern Europe

What are Primary Sources?
Types of Primary Sources
Strategies for Finding Primary Sources
            Books
            Magazine Articles
            Newspaper Articles
            Microfilm Sources
            Secondary Sources
Selected Websites

What are Primary Sources?


  • "historical raw materials"
  • "the leavings, the shards, the remnants of people who once lived and don't live anymore"
  • "is material -- a document or other evidence -- that was created during the period or the event"
  • "firsthand testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under investigation"

Types of Primary Sources

"Written" documents

Physical evidence/Cultural artifacts

Strategies for Finding Primary Sources

Books

Books that can be considered primary sources for world history include books written during the period of your topic, books written by participants, published collections of correspondence and other personal writings, memoirs, and reprints of collections of primary source material.

Search the UW Libraries Catalog in the following ways to identify books that are primary sources"

  • Do an AUTHOR search for books written by key participants and organizations.

  • Do a KEYWORDS search and limit your search by publication date. Do a KEYWORDS search.

  • Do a KEYWORDS search and limit your search to materials in the History of Women microfilm collection.

  • Do a KEYWORDS search and use special subject headings that designate primary sources by adding the phrase: and su:(sources or personal narratives or diaries or correspondence)

Finding Primary Sources -- Articles

Indexes

The following indexes to periodicals can be used to find articles written during the time period of your topic. There is limited electronic indexing.
Bibliographie der deutschen Zeitschriften-literatur. 1896-1964Reference AI9 .B5
International Index Reference AI3 .R49
Poole’s Index to Periodicals, 1802-1907Printed version in Reference AI3 .P7
Subject Index to Periodicals, 1915-1961 Reference AI3 .S78

Browsing

You can also browse through magazines from the time. Some magazines from the period include:
Die Gartenlaube, 1867-1913 Periodicals 053 GA
Illustrirte Welt, 1867-1872, 1888-1890 Periodicals 053 IW
The Englishwoman, 1909-1921Microfilm M-1339
The Englishwoman's ReviewMicrofilm M-1753
Illustrated London News, 1842-Periodicals 051 IL
Spectator, 1906Periodicals 051 SP
Vogue (London), 1916-1939Drama MB-492
Woman's life, 1895-1905Microfilm A7545
L’Illustration, 1909-1955Periodicals 054 IL
Illustrirte Zeitung, 1907-1941Periodicals 053 IL
Punch, 1900-1992 (1842-1899 in Special Collections)Periodicals AP101 .P8

Finding Primary Sources -- Newspapers

Newspapers are located in the Microform & Newspaper Collections on the first floor of Suzzallo.

Indexes

  • There are a few indexes to newspaper articles predating the 1970s. To see what indexing is available, use the Searchable Guide to Indexes.
  • The Times, London is the major, long-running European newspaper. The Libraries has the paper from 1788 to the present in the Microform & Newspaper Collections. We have three indexes to the London Times:
Newspapers for Browsing

If you are working on a specific event, use that date to browse through newspapers from the period or use one of the indexes to the Times to pinpoint coverage. Other than the two British papers, the UW Libraries has very few European newspapers with long publication periods.
Irish Times, 1874-1922Microfilm A6161
La Epoca (Madrid), 1870-1936Microfilm A4189
L'Humanite (Paris, Communist paper), 1904-1939Microfilm A1436
Manchester Guardian, 1821-Microfilm A597
Times of London, 1788- Microfilm A506

Finding Primary Sources -- Microfilm

The Microform & Newspaper Collections has collections that may be useful:

Using Secondary Sources to Find Primary Sources

Secondary sources (scholarly journal articles and books) are a great source for identifying potential primary sources. Find a few articles or books related to your topic and then use footnotes and bibliography for leads to more sources, including primary sources.

Books

Articles

Selected Websites



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For additional help, contact Theresa Mudrock --- Jessica Albano
Created: 30 October 2000
Updated: 6 November 2000