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Details	Title
	E-bulletin
	E-commerce and development report /
	E-finance in emerging markets : is leapfrogging possible? / - UW restricted
	E-Flora BC electronic atlas of the plants of British Columbia Using a comprehensive GIS-based format, E-Flora BC provides detailed biogeographical, ecological, and taxonomic information on both vascular and non-vascular plants of British Columbia. For each species, E-Flora BC presents additional key information through deep links to other existing databases that provide critical botanical information, such as the International plant names index, the Fire ecology database and Flora North America. For both vascular and non-vascular plants, the atlas includes an image bank for BC species. Photographs provided on the atlas pages act as portals to an image collection for each species, and to the overall image bank
	E-news
	E-powering the people : South Africa's Smart Cape Access Project / A project to ensure that all citizens of Cape Town, South Africa have access to basic information and communications technologies
	EaR model and the expanded VaR model : an application to bond portfolios /
	Early Canadiana online Notre memoire en ligne Full text online collection of more than 3,000 books and pamphlets documenting Canadian history from the first European contact to the late 19th century. The collection is particularly strong in literature, women's history, native studies, travel and exploration, and the history of French Canada
	Early childhood update /
	Early church fathers Collection of writings from the first 800 years of the Christian Church. Includes the Edinburgh English edition of The Ante-Nicene fathers and the Selected library of the Nicene and post-Nicene fathers of the Christian church
	early days of monasticism on mount Athos,
	Early developments
	Early effects of manipulating aspen density on lodgepole pine performance, aspen sucker production and stand development in the IDFxm subzone near Williams Lake, B.C. /
	Early estimates of public elementary and secondary education statistics /
	Early Hebrew Newspapers Project Major titles of the 19th and early 20th century Hebrew press. Primary source for history of Diaspora and Eretz Yisrael of the time
	early history of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in British Columbia /
	Early identification of hearing impairment in infants and young children : January 1988 through December 1992 : 861 citations /
	Early landuse patterns in the Lake Taupo area
	Early life history of abalone (Haliotis rubra, H. laevigata) : settlement, survival, and early growth /
	Early manuscripts at Oxford University digital facsimiles of complete manuscripts, scanned directly from the originals Digital facsimiles of ancient papyri, Celtic and other medieval manuscripts housed in Oxford
	Early retirement under the Civil Service Retirement System
	Early Virginia religious petitions a collaborative project / Presents images of 423 petitions submitted to the Virginia legislature between 1774 and 1802. Topics covered include the separation of church and state, rights of dissenters, sale and division of property in the established church, and the dissolution of unpopular vestries
	Earnings and employment data for workers covered under social security, by state and county /
	Earthquake basics
	Earthquake uplift and erosion of archaeological site L26/1 at the mouth of the Heaphy River /
	Earthquakes /
	Earthquakes in the Walker Pass region, California, and their relation to the tectonics of the southern Sierra Nevada thesis / Finally, the general distribution of earthquakes furnishes no evidence for the existence of a continuous deep-lying structure traversing the southern part of the Sierra Nevada. While the possibility of the existence of such a structure has not been excluded, practically all of the evidence upon which such a speculation might be based has been removed. Any relation between activity in this region and the activity in the nearby White Wolf Fault region must instead be explained by means of a mutual transfer of strain between systems of different trend and character. The computer programs used for the location of the earthquakes reported in this study are discussed in Appendices A and B
	Earthworms (Annelida:Oligochaeta) of the Columbia River basin assessment area /
	Earwig Research Centre ERC : the site on earwig biology /
	East African Rift Valley lakes /
	East Amatuli Island remote video link project /
	East London a port city in the eastern Cape
	East Timor : a new beginning? : joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, and the Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affair East Timor : a new beginning? : joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, and the Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affair
	Eastern Beaufort Sea beluga whales This status report was initiated in support of the process leading to an integrated marine management plan in Canada's Western Arctic. It reviews the biology & life history of the beluga whale, the Inuvialuit beluga hunt in the Eastern Beaufort Sea, the importance of the hunt to the Arctic Aboriginal people, the status of the beluga resource (including stock delineation, size, trend, & sustainable hunting rate), sources of uncertainty in data about belugas, and an outlook for the beluga population. It also discusses issues related to beluga management and to current or potential pressures on the beluga population (contaminants, diseases, industrial development)
	Eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis)
	eastern rosella (Platycercus eximius) in New Zealand /
	Eastern Washington sawmill statistics for .. 2001 Eastern Washington sawmill statistics for .. 2000
	Eastern Washington wildlife Information on wildlife of eastern Washington, including images, audio files, and links to other Web resources
	easy guide to breastfeeding for African-American women
	ebenen Curven dritter Ordung : eine Zusammenstellung ihrer bekannteren Eigenschaften /
	ECanon online search engine for canonical texts ECanon, a part of TC: a journal of biblical textual criticism, is a database of canonical texts, currently containing various versions of the Bible and is designed to be a free online tool for scholars, students, clergy, and other interested people
	echinoid directory Includes general and non-technical information about sea urchins, as well as information for serious amateurs and undergraduates. But the primary purpose of the site is to provide a taxonomic resource for the scientific community in which the genera and higher taxa of echinoid can be simply and rapidly identified. There are currently over 350 pages of detailed information about echinoid taxa
	Echo integration-trawl survey results for walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) on the Bering Sea shelf and slope during summer 1999 and 2000 / 1st pt. Echo integration-trawl survey results for walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) on the Bering Sea shelf and slope during summer 1999 and 2000 / 2nd pt.
	Echoes from a pioneer life
	Ecole francaise d'extreme orient A narrative description of the school, plus address and phone number, provided by the University of Leiden
	Ecological and behavioral impacts of artificial production strategies on the abundance of wild salmon populations : a review of practices in the Pacific Northwest /
	Ecological and economic analyses of marine ecosystems in the Bird's Head Seascape, Papua, Indonesia / v.1
	Ecological and economic impact assessment of sablefish aquaculture in British Columbia /
	Ecological and political implications of conversion from shade to sun coffee in Puerto Rico
	Ecological aspects and resource management of bamboo forests in Ethiopia /
	Ecological assessment of the Boreal Shield Ecozone /
	Ecological assessment of two islands in west Otago lakes for potential re-introduction of buff weka (Gallirallus australis hectori) /
	ecological atlas of forest insect defoliation in Canada, 1980-1996 /
	Ecological description and classification of some pine mushroom (Tricholoma magnivelare) habitat in British Columbia /
	Ecological effects of fishing
	Ecological genomics the application of genomic sciences to understanding the structure and function of marine ecosystems : report of a Workshop on Marine Microbial Genomics to Develop Recommendations for the National Science Foundation, April 19-20,
	ecological hazard assessment for PCBs in the Spokane River /
	Ecological impacts of sea couch and saltwater paspalum in Bay of Plenty estuaries /
	Ecological importance of carnivory in the genus Utricularia
	Ecological indicators of water quality in the Spokane River, Idaho and Washington, 1998 and 1999
	Ecological issues in floodplains and riparian corridors /
	Ecological regions of North America toward a common perspective This volume represents a first attempt at holistically classifying and mapping ecological regions across all three countries of the North American continent. A common analytical methodology is used to examine North American ecology at multiple scales, from large continental ecosystems to subdivisions of these that correlate more detailed physical and biological settings with human activities on two levels of successively smaller units. The volume begins with an overview of North America from an ecological perspective, concepts of ecological regionalization. This is followed by descriptions of the 15 broad ecological regions, including information on physical and biological setting and human activities. The final section presents case studies in applications of the ecological characterization methodology to environmental issues. The appendix includes a list of common and scientific names of selected species characteristic of the ecological regions
	Ecological risks : perspectives from Poland and the United States /
	ecological role of coarse woody debris : an overview of the ecological importance of CWD in BC forests /
	ecological study of reintroduced Arabian oryx in the Uruq Bani Maarid Protected Area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia This study was conducted in the Uruq Bani Maarid Protected Area, on the western edge of the Rub al Khali of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The dispersal of different groups of Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx (Pallas, 1777) was investigated, along with the seasonal range use patterns of the animals. The dispersal distances from the release site stabilised after a period of one year. The animals show seasonal differences in their range use patterns, associated with changes in their mobility. The dynamics of the relationship between the oryxes and their habitat were investigated. The structure and the condition of the vegetation, as well as some climatic variables were important determinants of seasonal habitat use. The diurnal activity patterns of the animals correspond with that characteristic of ungulates generally and the animals showed seasonal changes in their feeding preferences. The productivity of the population was high during the study period, with 34 live births, while six of the reintroduced animals died. Population viability analysis, however, shows that the population is vulnerable over the medium term (100 years) and that management should target the juvenile and especially adult females as they are keys to population growth and recovery
	Ecological subregion codes by county, coterminous United States /
	Ecological subregions of California section & subsection descriptions /
	ecology and behaviour of Varanus mertensi (Reptilia:Varanidae) This study shows that numerous aspects of the ecology and behaviour of V. mertensi are similar to those of other similar-sized varanids just focused around aquatic areas. Varanus mertensi occupy a similar ecological niche to other semi-aquatic varanids, that of a wide ranging, active foraging, opportunistic predator of aquatic and riparian areas within their northern Australia distribution
	Ecology and conservation of lowland farmland birds II : the road to recovery : proceedings of the 2004 British Omithologists' [i.e. Ornithologists'] Union Annual Conference, 26-28 March 2004, University of Leicester, UK / - UW restricted
	Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States /
	Ecology and conservation of the marbled murrelet / Cover, Table of Contents, and Preface Ecology and conservation of the marbled murrelet / Parts I-V, References, and Appendices
	Ecology and distribution of the freshwater crayfish Paranephrops zealandicus in Otago : implications for conservation / Examines the distribution of the crayfish Paranephrops zealandicus (koura) in the Taieri River catchment, Otago, with respect to land use and drainage history
	Ecology and management of commercially harvested chanterelle mushrooms /
	Ecology and management of islands, peninsulas, and structures for nesting waterfowl abstracts from the symposium /
	Ecology and management of morels harvested from the forests of western North America / Morels are prized edible mushrooms that fruit, sometimes prolifically, in many forest types throughout western North America. They are collected for personal consumption and commercially harvested as valuable special (nontimber) forest products. Large gaps remain, however, in our knowledge about their taxonomy, biology, ecology, cultivation, safety, and how to manage forests and harvesting activities to conserve morel populations and ensure sustainable crops. This publication provides forest managers, policymakers, mycologists, and mushroom harvesters with a synthesis of current knowledge regarding these issues, regional summaries of morel harvesting and management, and a comprehensive review of the literature
	Ecology and management of northern hardwood forests in New England /
	Ecology and management of the spotted owl in the Pacific Northwest : Arcata, California, June 19-23, 1984 /
	ecology and population dynamics of the Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus in the Flag Boshielo Dam, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
	Ecology and taxonomy of Leptosphaerulina spp. associated with turfgrasses in the United States Leptosphaerulina spp. are common fungi that have been reported to colonize several turfgrass species. Controversy exists regarding the relationship of Leptosphaerulina spp. and their turfgrass hosts. The fungus has been classified as a saprophyte, senectophyte, weak pathogen, and pathogen of turfgrasses. There has also been conflicting reports regarding the delineation of species within the genus Leptosphaerulina. Because of the uncertainty regarding the ecology and taxonomy of the genus in relation to turfgrasses the present study was undertaken. The ITS and EF-1[alpha] gene regions were sequenced and analyzed to compare to the multiple taxonomic schemes reported in the literature. The ITS region offered no resolution of species; however, the phylogeny of the EF-1[alpha] gene was consistent with the six-species model of Graham and Luttrell. Inoculation experiments were performed on unstressed and artificially stressed plants to determine whether the fungi are pathogens, senectophytes, or saprophytes of turfgrasses. Perennial ryegrass and creeping bentgrass plants were stressed by placing them in a dew chamber set at 380C, 100% R.H., and no light for two and one days respectively. Plants were inoculated with cultures of Leptosphaerulina isolated from turfgrasses, and maintained at optimum conditions reported for infection and colonization. There was no visible difference between inoculated and uninoculated plants, and examination of cleared and stained leaves with a light microscope revealed spores that germinated and produced appressoria, but failed to penetrate the epidermal cells. The lack of infection and colonization suggests that Leptosphaerulina spp. are saprophytes of turfgrasses
	Ecology of a remnant population of Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) in Thurston County, Washington
	ecology of feral cats, Felis catus, in open forest in New South Wales interactions with food resources and foxes /
	ecology of hydric hammocks : a community profile /
	Ecology of hydrothermal vents on three segments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, northeast Pacific
	Ecology of marine predatory and prey fishes off the Columbia River, 1998 and 1999 /
	ecology of Northeast coyotes : current knowledge and priorities for future research /
	ecology of San Francisco Bay tidal marshes : a community profile /
	Ecology of the coyote in the Yellowstone,
	Ecology of the great gray owl /
	ecology of the leopard (Panthera pardus) in the Waterberg
	ecology of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) (Macropodidae:Marsupialia) in the northern jarrah forest of Australia
	ecology of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta : a community profile /
	Ecology of woodland caribou in Wells Gray Provincial Park /
	Ecology, biodiversity, management, and restoration of aspen in the Sierra Nevada / This report was commissioned by the USDA Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit to synthesize existing information on the ecology and management of aspen (Populus tremuloides) in the Sierra Nevada of California and surrounding environs. It summarizes available information on aspen throughout North America from published literature, internal government agency reports, and experienced scientists and managers. The historic distribution, abundance, and ecologic role of aspen in the Sierra Nevada are discussed, along with the reproductive physiology of aspen. Issues that affect aspen health and vigor in the Sierra Nevada and elsewhere are covered, along with methodology for assessing the condition of aspen and monitoring the effects of management activities to restore and maintain aspen. Descriptions of the types of aspen that occur in the Sierra Nevada are presented along with alternative techniques to manage and restore aspen that are applicable wherever aspen is found
	Ecology, management, and history of Whirinaki Conservation Park, New Zealand : an annotated bibliography / pages 83-139 Ecology, management, and history of Whirinaki Conservation Park, New Zealand : an annotated bibliography / pages 1-82
	Ecology, management, and research on Mokoia Island, Lake Rotorua, New Zealand : an abstract list and annotated bibliography /
	Ecology, silviculture, and management of Black Hills ponderosa pine
	Economic accounts for agriculture = Comptes economiques de l'agriculture - UW restricted
	Economic analysis of protection of essential fish habitat in Alaskan fisheries : an analysis of research needs /
	economic and budget outlook /
	economic and budget outlook, an update
	Economic and environmental effects of Accelerated Tariff Liberalization in the forest products sector /
	Economic and social impact of electronic commerce : preliminary findings and research agenda
	Economic and social progress in Latin America
	economic benefits of a disaster resistant university : earthquake loss estimation for UC Berkeley /
	Economic benefits of managing forestry and tourism at Nimmo Bay : a public perception study and economic analysis /
	economic contribution of whalewatching to regional economies perspectives from two national marine sanctuaries /
	economic contribution of whalewatching to regional economies perspectives from two national marine sanctuaries /
	economic evaluation of medicinal tree cultivation Prunus africana in Cameroon /
	Economic fluctuations in Central and Eastern Europe : the facts /
	economic history of Byzantium : from the seventh through the fifteenth century /
	Economic impact analysis of proposed coke ovens NESHAP
	economic impact of public resource supply constraints in northeast Oregon /
	Economic impact of tsunami on Thailand /
	economic impact of weeds in Australia : report to the CRC for Australian Weed Management /
	economic importance of marine angler expenditures in the United States /
	Economic issues
	economic promise of investing in high-quality preschool : using early education to improve economic growth and the fiscal sustainability of states and the nations /
	Economic report : a review of the U.S. airline industry
	Economic report of the President transmitted to the Congress (Text and PDF) Text and PDF Represents the annual report of the President's Council of Economic Advisers. Appendix B contains historical tables (from 1959 or earlier) on aspects of income (national, personal, and corporate), production, prices, employment, investment, taxes and transfers, and money and finance
	Economic report on Africa : a report of the staff[s] of the African Development Bank and Economic Commission for Africa 1999 to present
	Economic review Economic review (Saskatchewan. Bureau of Statistics)
	Economic statistics
	Economic valuation of natural resources : a handbook for coastal resource policymakers /
	Economic valuation of sport-fishing in Sweden : empirical findings and methodological developments /
	economic value of wetlands : wetlands' role in flood protection in western Washington/
	Economic values of protected areas : guidelines for protected area managers /
	Economically optimal values and decisions in Iranian forest management /
	Economics Department working papers (OECD Economics Dept.) 1992 to present
	Economics Division working papers. Southeast Asia
	Economics of remnant native vegetation conservation on private property
	Economics research supporting water resource stewardship in the Pacific northwest
	Economics research supporting water resource stewardship in the Pacific Northwest /
	Economies in transition : an assessment of trends relevant to management of the Tongass National Forest /
	Ecosystem engineering beaver and the population structure of Columbia spotted frogs in western Montana / Beavers (Castor canadensis) are considered ecosystem engineers, altering hydrologic regimes, ecosystem processes, and modifying community structure. Effects of beaver on the spatial pattern of lentic habitat and populations using those habitats have not been examined. I used a landscape database and eight microsatellite markers to compare the scale and pattern of lentic sites, their occupancy, and population structure by Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) between watersheds with and without beaver activity. Across all watersheds frog breeding sites were more clustered than the underlying pattern of lentic habitat. Beaver watersheds had four times as many lentic and breeding sites than non-beaver watersheds. Non-beaver watersheds often had only one frog breeding site. Frog breeding sites were more dispersed within beaver drainages. In addition, frog breeding sites were evenly distributed across the elevational gradient in beaver watersheds while they were centered above the watershed midpoint in non-beaver watersheds. Columbia spotted frog breeding sites were more dispersed within drainages with evidence of beaver presence than would be expected given the configuration of the underlying lentic habitat and have persisted despite being separated by distances larger than its dispersal ability. The genetic divergence seen within watersheds revealed that landscape configuration affected the fine scale population structure of Columbia spotted frogs. Landscape patterns of breeding sites were reflected in the presence and strength of isolation by distance equilibriums and the overall level of population subdivision within watersheds. Watersheds with beaver presence and an average distance of less than five kilometers between breeding sites showed higher levels of connectivity than did non-beaver watersheds with an average distance of more than five kilometers between breeding sites. More importantly, short beaver watersheds had lower levels of genetic divergence between breeding sites than those in long non-beaver watersheds separated by the same distance, even when distances were within the commonly observed dispersal ability of the frogs. Typical beaver watersheds in southwestern Montana with similar habitat configurations are likely composed of a single population, while non-beaver watersheds likely contain a single or a few isolated populations. Careful consideration of potential population effects for species dependent upon habitat beaver create is required
	Ecosystem functioning and plant-soil interactions in forests : influences of quality and diversity of resources /
	Ecosystem recovery planning for listed salmon : an integrated assessment approach for salmon habitat /
	Ecosystem restoration opportunities in the Snohomish River Valley, Washington
	Ecosystem services as a tool for production improvement in organic farming : the role and impact of biodiversity /
	Ecosystem services benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems /
	Ecosystem-based conservation strategy for central Otago's saline patches /
	Ecosystem-based fishery management : a report to Congress /
	Ecosystem-based management in marine capture fisheries a review of selected tools used in Australian fisheries /
	Ecosystems and human well-being : a framework for assessment /
	Ecosystems in British Columbia at risk
	Ecosystems of British Columbia /
	Ecotourism on Otago Peninsula : preliminary studies of yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) and Hooker's sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) / Pages 1-11 Ecotourism on Otago Peninsula : preliminary studies of yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) and Hooker's sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) / Pages 12-39
	ecozone classification for lakes and streams of British Columbia
	Ecstasy and amphetamines global survey 2003
	ECUMN'2000 1st European Conference on Universal Multiservice Networks : October 2-4, 2000, Colmar, France / - UW restricted
	EDGAR database of corporate information
	Edge effects and birds across karri forest (Eucalyptus diversicolor) clear-fell edges a study of theory and conservation management /
	Edge effects in a lowland temperate New Zealand rainforest /
	Educating for a sustainable future : a national environmental education statement for Australian schools /
	Educating international security practitioners : preparing to face the demands of the 21st century international security environment /
	Educating the Net generation The Net Generation has grown up with information technology. The aptitudes, attitudes, expectations, and learning styles of Net Gen students reflect the environment in which they were raised--one that is decidedly different from that which existed when faculty and admnistrators were growing up. This collection explores the Net Gen and the implications for institutions in areas such as teaching, service, learning space design, faculty development, and curriculum. Contributions by educators and students are included
	Education at a glance : OECD indicators / - UW restricted (SourceOECD) 1998 to present. Scan down to: Education at a glance : OECD indicators
	Education for all 2002 to present
	Education for disadvantaged children : research purpose and design features affect conclusions drawn from key studies : report to Congressional requesters /
	Education for global leadership : the importance of international studies and foreign language education for U.S. economic and national security /
	Education in heart - UW restricted (BMJ Journals) 2000 to present
	Education in states and nations : indicators comparing U.S. states with other industrialized countries in 1991 /
	education innovator A weekly look at innovations in education
	Education of students with disabilities where do we stand?
	Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (2003) 2003 Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (2004) 2004 Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (2001) 2001 Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (2005/2006) 2005/2006 Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (2002) 2002 Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (1998) 1998 Education policy analysis / - UW restricted (1999) 1999
	Education trends in perspective : analysis of the world education indicators - UW restricted (SourceOECD 2005) 2005
	Educational and other nonprofit institutions receiving DOD prime awards of contracts, grants, and agreements for research, development, test, and evaluation Provides information on Dept. of Defense prime awards of contracts, grants, and agreements with education and other nonprofit institutions, including Federal, state, and local government agencies, for research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT & E)
	Educational and other nonprofit institutions receiving DOD prime awards of contracts, grants, and agreements for research, development, test, and evaluation
	Educational attainment in the United States
	Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance /
	EdWeb exploring technology and school reform / Exploring "the worlds of educational reform and information technology." Excellent resource to learn about how the Internet is being integrated into the classroom
	Ee.3.59--The Life of King Edward the Confessor "Cambridge University Library MS. Ee.3.59 contains the only copy of an illustrated Anglo-Norman verse Life of St Edward the Confessor, written in England probably in the later 1230s or early 1240s, and preserved in this manuscript, executed c. 1250-60." Attributed to Matthew Paris. Site includes images of the manuscript and descriptions of all the folios
	Eelgrass habitat and faunal assemblages in the City and Borough of Juneau, Alaska /
	Efecto de la fragmentacion del bosque nativo en la conservacion de Oncifelis guigna y Pseudalopex culpaeus en Chile central Chilean native forests have been replaced by plantations, generating a mosaic of native fragments of different size embedded in a matrix of farms and plantations. This landscape transformation could be affect habitat viability for wild carnivores like Oncifelis guigna and Pseudalopex culpaeus. To determine the potential impact of habitat fragmentation over the species, we evaluated their pattern of habitat use. The study was carried out in Los Queules National Reserve, native forest fragments closer and in pine plantations surrounding the Reserve (35059TH S, 72041TH W). Habitat use was assessed through visit to scent-stations. Around each scent-station we characterised vegetation structure and composition and its distance to large native forest, creeks and roads. Oncifelis guigna preferred habitats with dense covers, distant to roads and near to large native forest, being restricted to this habitat. In the other hand, P. culpaeus used opened habitat, close to roads, employing extensively pine plantations. Because O. guigna is restricted to forest, we used a metapopulation approach to infer its extinction probability in protected areas of central Chile. Metapopulations were classified depending on size and isolation degree of native forest fragments. Only one metapopulation composed by Nahuelbuta National Park and native forest fragments surrounding it, would be viable in the long-term. Metapopulation composed by Los Queules and Los Ruiles National Reserves could survive only in a short to medium term. Nevertheless, both populations depend on native forest fragments outside protected areas, which are mainly property of forestry companies. Therefore, due its importance for O. guigna survival, only through a protection program of native forest fragments close to protected areas, involving non governmental and governmental organisations, we may effectively conserve O. guigna in central coastal zone in Chile. On the other hand, P. culpaeus, being generalist would be less affected by habitat transformation
	Efectos estabilizadores de la politica fiscal / Vol. 1 Efectos estabilizadores de la politica fiscal / Vol. 2
	effect of climate change on Antarctic terrestrial flora
	Effect of condensation on performance and design of extended surfaces /
	effect of elephant utilisation on the Sterculia rogersii and Adansonia digitata populations of the Kruger National Park This study assesses elephant induced damage and mortality of baobab and common star-chestnut trees in the northern Kruger National Park. Comparisons are made between the populations north and south of the Luvuvhu River. The density, population size and age structure are estimated. The population structure of neither species has been shaped by elephant utilisation. While the baobab population has a healthy age distribution, that of the star-chestnut population shows that recruitment has declined in recent decades. Utilisation has been found to be higher in the south as a result of higher elephant densities, although recently damage has been greater in the north. Damage increases with tree size. The mortality of baobabs is lower than in other areas where elephants and baobabs co-exist. Elephants are not playing a significant role in mortality of either tree species and management of factors other than elephant is required to improve regeneration rates of these species
	Effect of harvesting regime on beech root sprouts and seedlings in a north-central Maine forest long affected by beech bark disease
	effect of Indonesia's economic crisis on small farmers and natural forest cover in the outer islands /
	Effect of man on the landscape : the Lowland zone /
	effect of mercury on the feeding behavior of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to mercury (1.69, 6.79, and 13. 57 [micron]g/l HgCl2; 10 d exposure) and afterwards tested using various metrics of foraging ability while feeding in a vegetated habitat. Among the foraging metrics were foraging efficiency, capture speed, and the ability to learn and retain information regarding habitat characteristics. Comparisons with control fish and fish from the two highest exposure groups revealed consistent performance deficits in foraging efficiency and capture speed. However, no treatment effects on learning were detected. In determining the underlying proximate cause of the foraging deficits, it is believed that the greater pause time exhibited by treatment fish while foraging was the main cause of treatment differences. In the future, behavioral studies will continue to allow toxicity testing of environmentally relevant variables such as those used by behavioral ecologists. Such tests, when combined with tests of field collected specimens, could prove powerful in linking laboratory toxicity to toxicity in wild populations
	effect of rabbits on conservation values / The impacts of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on New Zealand's native flora and fauna are reviewed
	Effect of reduced possum density on rodent and stoat abundance in podocarp-hardwood forests /
	effect of rotenone on orchard-pond invertebrate communities in the Motueka area, South Island, New Zealand /
	effect of sodomy laws on lifting the ban on homosexual personnel three case studies / This study examines the impact of active sodomy laws on the elimination of bans against homosexual personnel in three different contexts. In each case, a ban against homosexual service was lifted while sodomy laws were still in effect. In two instances--those of Australia and South Africa--sodomy laws were overturned within a few years of the elimination of bans on gay and lesbian personnel in the Australian and South African Defence Forces. In one instance--the Miami Beach Police Department--the state sodomy law has remained in effect long after gays and lesbians have been allowed to serve openly. The evidence clearly suggests that in these two foreign militaries and in a domestic police department, homosexual personnel were successfully integrated into either police or military service despite the existence of an active sodomy law when each respective ban was lifted
	Effect of wolf control on black-tailed deer in the Nimpkish Valley on Vancouver Island /
	Effective recycling agriculture around the Baltic Sea : background report /
	Effectiveness monitoring for fecal coliform total maximum daily loads in Pipers Creek /
	Effectiveness of aerial baiting of possums in different seasons and different forest types / Trials were conducted in three different forest types to see whether season affects the amount of aerially dispersed bait eaten by possums (Trichosurus vulpecula). Bait acceptance was not affected by season, and was very similar in the three forest types
	Effectiveness of stand-scale forest restoration, Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon This case study documents the effectiveness of stand-scale forest restoration activities undertaken in the "Penny Stew" project on federal land in the central Siskiyou Mountains of southwest Oregon. Its dual purpose is to 1) define reference conditions and build a site-specific case for restoration through multi-scale analysis of historical ecology (Chapter III) and 2) demonstrate streamlined monitoring protocols that practitioners can use to adapt restoration practices over time (Chapter IV). Discussion of methodological efficacy in the monitoring report offers implications for FEAT-FIREMON Integration (FFI), a fire effects monitoring and data analysis software package currently under development for use by wildland fire managers. Finally, this analysis synthesizes findings from reference analysis and monitoring results to assess the degree to which the Penny Stew project meets restoration objectives, and it recommends further action including application of management-ignited prescribed fire and sustained monitoring in light of that synthesis (Chapter V)
	effectiveness of the brochure "Garden escapes" /
	Effectiveness of the Victor snapback trap for killing stoats The Animal Welfare Act 1999 enables traps that are considered unacceptably inhumane to be prohibited. This provision has resulted in an increased awareness of how well kill traps actually kill the intended target species. As part of an ongoing trap-testing programme, Landcare Research tested the killing performance of Fenn traps and showed that they were ineffective at killing stoats (Mustela erminea), with most captured stoats still conscious after 5 minutes. Because Fenn traps are used extensively for trapping stoats in New Zealand it is desirable that a humane alternative is found. A potential alternative is the Victor snapback trap. Although these traps are designed for capturing rats, they have been successfully tested for capturing and killing short-tailed weasels (Mustela erminea) in Canada. These traps were tested on captive wild-caught stoats, using a plastic shroud to direct and align the stoat at the front of the trap. To pass the test the trap had to render at least 13 of 15 stoats irreversibly unconscious within 3 minutes. Seven stoats were rendered unconscious rapidly (i.e. <30 seconds). However, three were either not struck across the head or managed to escape because the low clamping force exerted by the trap was not sufficient to securely hold a conscious animal. Because three captures failed to result in the stoats being rendered unconscious within 3 minutes, the trap failed the test. A humane alternative to the Fenn trap is still required
	Effectiveness of three trapping systems for killing feral cats /
	effectiveness of wildlife corridors in facilitating connectivity assessment of a model system from the Australian wet tropics /
	Effects of a non-toxic bait application on birds : assessing the impacts of a proposed kiore eradication programme on Little Barrier Island /
	Effects of acclimation on the survival of spring chinook salmon : annual report 1992 /
	Effects of aquaculture on world fish supplies
	effects of artificial sources of water on rangeland biodiversity : final report to the Biodiversity Convention and Strategy Section of the Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia /
	Effects of Balranald Weir on spatial and temporal distributions of lower Murrumbidgee River fish assemblages
	Effects of bladed skid roads on soil properties and early tree growth on two steep slopes in the southern interior of British Columbia /
	Effects of bottom fishing on Georges Bank In order to gain a better understanding of how bottom fishing impacts benthic organisms, a team of researchers from the University of Rhode Island's Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) set out in 1994 to survey the benthic megafaunal community of Georges Bank. This project's study area was confined to the gravel habitat that straddles the boundary between the U.S. and Canadian exclusive economic zones (EEZs). This area was selected because previous research has indicated that it serves as an important nursery for juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus). Within this region, trawl marks appearing in side scan sonar images were counted in order to identify sites with different levels of bottom fishing disturbance. Based on this information, six study sites were pinpointed and classified as either "disturbed" or "undisturbed." At these sites, benthic dredge samples have been collected on a nearly annual basis. In addition, photographs and videos of the sea floor have been recorded using the SEABOSS system, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), and manned submersibles. Data from this project have revealed significant differences between disturbed and undisturbed sites in terms of abundance, biomass, species diversity, and benthic community structure. In December 1994, three large sections of Georges Bank, comprising an area of 17,000 km2, were closed to all types of fishing gear capable of retaining groundfish. Since one of our most disturbed study sites was located within a closed area, this event provided a unique opportunity to investigate the changes that occur as a benthic ecosystem recovers from chronic fishing impacts
	Effects of corticosteroids for fetal maturation on perinatal outcomes : January 1985 through December 1993, plus selected earlier citations : 715 citations /
	Effects of dissolved gas supersaturation on fish residing in the Snake and Columbia Rivers, 1996
	effects of disturbance on aquatic breeding amphibians within the Cuyahoga Valley National Park Amphibians represent an important aspect of wetland ecosystems. Since the 1990's, many herpetologists have supported the idea that amphibian population declines have become more frequent. Destruction and degradation of aquatic and terrestrial habitat have been implicated as important causes of amphibian population declines. While many amphibian species rely on both aquatic and surrounding terrestrial habitat for continued persistence, current regulations often provide an inadequate degree of protection in these terrestrial areas. Some states have adopted limited buffer zones to offer additional protection to these important terrestrial regions. The major goal of this study was to determine if the distribution and abundance of aquatic breeding amphibians within the Cuyahoga Valley National Park is related to various surrounding habitat and water quality characteristics. The results of the current study indicate that certain species may be more strongly impacted by land-use in areas most directly adjacent to aquatic breeding sites
	Effects of fire on threatened and endangered plants an annotated bibliography /
	Effects of habitat conditions and disturbance on lichen diversity : studies on lichen communities in nemoral, boreal, and grassland ecosystems /
	Effects of herring gulls and great black-backed gulls on breeding piping plovers, South Monomoy Island, Massachusetts Fewer large gulls were observed near prenesting plovers, plover nests, and plover broods than near random plots. Fewer large gulls were observed in plover nesting areas than in unused areas when the nesting areas were defined by all area within 100-m or 500-m of a plover nest. We argue that this apparent spatial separation between piping plovers and large gulls is due to different habitat preferences among the species. We found that gull removal on South Monomoy Island did not result in increased piping plover reproductive success, and large gulls did not affect breeding piping plovers on South Monomoy Island from 1998-2000
	Effects of ivermectin in dairy discharges on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates /
	Effects of laboratory rearing on gypsy moth (Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae) /
	Effects of land application of manure on groundwater at two dairies over the Sumas-Blaine Surficial Aquifer : implications for agronomic rate estimates /
	Effects of large velocity pulses on reinforced concrete bridge columns /
	effects of military jet overflights on Dall's sheep in interior Alaska : report to the Department of the Air Force /
	Effects of mixing depth, turbulent diffusion, and nutrient enrichment on enclosed marine plankton communities
	effects of patch shape and connectivity on nest site selection and reproductive success of the indigo bunting A second objective of my study was to evaluate the efficacy of conservation corridors for disturbance-dependent bird species. Conservation corridors have become a popular strategy to preserve biodiversity and promote gene flow in fragmented landscapes, but corridors may also have negative consequences. I tested the hypothesis that corridors can increase nest predation risk in connected patches relative to unconnected patches. Nest predation rates increased significantly in connected patches compared to unconnected rectangular patches, but were similar between connected patches and unconnected edgy patches. This suggests that the increase in predator activity in connected patches is largely attributable to edge effects incurred through the addition of a corridor. This is the first landscape-scale study to experimentally demonstrate the potential negative effects of conservation corridors
	Effects of pest control on forest invertebrates in Tongariro National Park : preliminary results /
	Effects of Pinus radiata plantations on environmental weed invasion into adjacent native forest reserves /
	Effects of Poor Knights Islands Marine Reserve on demersal fish populations /
	effects of prescribed burning on deer and elk habitat parameters in Montana's Missouri River Breaks The use of prescribed fire as a management tool without adversely effecting deer and elk populations looks promising. Prescribed fire can be used to improve habitat for mule deer and elk. The prescribed fire maintained sufficient thermal and hiding cover levels while increasing total forb cover including many important species considered important for mule deer
	Effects of selection logging on amphibian diversity and abundance in shade-tolerant hardwood forests of Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario Despite amphibians' widely acknowledged importance in forest ecosystems, they are rarely included in forest management plans. Very little is known about the effects of, or amphibian response to, timber management. To determine whether and if so, how selection logging affects amphibians in shade-tolerant hardwood forests, I compared amphibian habitat concurrently with amphibian diversity and abundance in managed (logged) and unmanaged (unlogged) forest stands in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario. Selection logging significantly altered aspects of shade-tolerant hardwood forest habitat on which amphibians are known to depend. However, with the exception of American toads (Bufo americanus) that were more abundant in managed stands, the overall diversity and abundance of amphibians did not differ significantly between managed and unmanaged areas. Therefore, I concluded that selection logging does not alter hardwood forest habitat to the degree that it negatively affects amphibian diversity or abundance. Implications of this conclusion are discussed
	Effects of selective logging on arboreal lichens used by Selkirk caribou
	effects of site preparation and harvesting practices on planted seedling productivity and microenvironment in southern interior dry, grassy IDF forests /
	Effects of sitka alder retention and removal on the growth of young lodgepole pine in the central interior of British Columbia (E.P. 1185) : establishment report /
	Effects of small-scale gold dredging on arsenic, copper, lead, and zinc concentrations in the Similkameen River /
	Effects of temperature on survival and growth of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout implications for conservation and restoration / Westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi have declined throughout their native range in the Northern Rockies and were considered for listing under the federal Endangered Species Act. Water temperature is widely regarded as playing a key role in determining their persistence, but specific lethal levels and thermal optima for this cutthroat trout subspecies had not been precisely defined. This laboratory study used the acclimated chronic exposure method to determine tolerances and thermal optima of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, a potential nonnative competitor now occupying much of the former range of westslope cutthroat trout. Rainbow trout had a distinct survival advantage over westslope cutthroat trout at warmer temperatures. The ultimate upper incipient lethal temperature (temperature at which 50% of the population survives for 60-d) of rainbow trout (24.30C; 95% CI, 24.0-24.70C) was 4.70C higher than that of westslope cutthroat trout (19.60C; 95% CI, 19.1-19.90C). In contrast, the optimum growth temperature for westslope cutthroat trout (13.60C; 95% CI, 10.3-17.00C) over the 60-d test period was very similar to that of rainbow trout (13.10C; 95% CI, 6.8-18.20C), although rainbow trout grew better over a wider range and at higher temperatures than did westslope cutthroat trout. The upper lethal and optimum growth temperatures for westslope cutthroat trout are in the lower range among most salmonids. The higher upper temperature tolerance of rainbow trout and its greater ability for growth at warmer temperatures may account for its increased occurrence at lower elevations than cutthroat trout. Water quality standards setting maximum daily temperatures from 13-150C, near the optimum growth temperature, would ensure suitable thermal habitat to maintain the persistence of westslope cutthroat trout populations. In addition, survival and growth parameters indicated in this study can be used with stream temperature modeling to predict suitable habitat for westslope cutthroat trout, as they may be particularly susceptible to increases in stream temperature associated with climate change. Such predictions of habitat suitability will be vital in prioritizing conservation efforts with respect to reintroduction and translocation of westslope cutthroat trout
	Effects of the Chignik salmon cooperative : what the permit holders say /
	effects of the trawl fishery on the stock of pink snapper, Pagrus auratus, in Denham Sound, Shark Bay
	Effects of thinning and fertilizing mixed western hemlock-sitka spruce stands /
	Effects of timber harvesting on terrestrial salamander abundance and behavior We also tested whether poorly fed salamanders exhibited risk-sensitive foraging in a dry environment in a laboratory experiment. Poorly fed salamanders were observed out of their simulated burrows less than well fed salamanders suggesting salamanders, particularly females and small adults, are risk-averse
	Effects of tourism on marine mammals in New Zealand /
	Effects of trawling and dredging on seafloor habitat /
	Effects of tundra vehicle activity on polar bears (Ursus maritimus) at Churchill, Manitoba
	Effects of weather on breeding ducks in North Dakota /
	effects of withdrawals on the hydrology of Samish Lake and upper Friday Creek /
	Effects of wolf predation on recruitment of black-tailed deer on northeastern Vancouver Island
	Effects-based operations building the analytic tools /
	Efficacy of a HIV intervention in the workplace, as measured by KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) questionnaires a before and after study /
	efficacy of possum control in reducing forest dieback in the Otira and Deception catchments, central Westland /
	Efficacy of saltwater solutions to kill introduced freshwater species and sterilise freshwater fishing nets /
	Efficiency of individual transferable quotas in fisheries management ABARE report for the Fisheries Resources Research Fund /
	Efficiency of steam and hot water heat distribution systems /
	Effigy Mounds National Monument Additions Act : report (to accompany H.R. 3745) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office) Effigy Mounds National Monument Additions Act : report (to accompany H.R. 3745) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office)
	Egg & poultry national weekly review
	Egg products File contains the inspections of eggs broken, liquid egg usage, and products by form
	Egypt - UW restricted Egypt - UW restricted
	Egypt's tourism net Searchable links to tourist information in Egypt. The site is a cooperative effort of the Egyptian IDSC and RITSEC
	EIB Group activity report
	EIB Group in ... Le Group BEI en = Die EIB-gruppe im
	EIB Group in the year
	EIB Group in the year ... . Projects financed and statistics
	Eightfold way : the beauty of Klein's quartic curve /
	Eighth Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications Hong Kong, China, October 3-5, 2000 : proceedings / - UW restricted
	EIIP update
	Einfuhrung in die grundlagen der geometrie
	Einfuhrung in die Hauptgesetze der zeichnerischen Darstellungsmethoden
	Einfuhrung in die Theorie der isogonalen Verwandtschaften und der conformen Abbildungen, verbunden mit Anwendungen auf mathematische Physik
	Einleitung in die allgemeine Theorie d